回到簡單：​​維塔利克·布特林（Vitalik Buterin）的十字軍東征

多年來，以太坊一直在不懈地競爭複雜性，倍增功能和技術層面。但是今天，維塔利克·布特林（Vitalik Buterin）

In a surprising turn of events, Vitalik Buterin, co-founder of Ethereum, is calling for a return to simplicity in the protocol. At a time when Ethereum aims to become the primary layer 1 for layer 2 solutions and the digital assets of the future, Buterin's words carry significant weight.

令人驚訝的是，以太坊聯合創始人Vitalik Buterin呼籲恢復協議中的簡單性。在以太坊旨在成為第2層解決方案和未來數字資產的主要第1層的時候，Buterin的單詞具有顯著的權重。

Buterin's goal is to make the protocol "readable by a smart high school student." To achieve this, he envisions limiting critical code to the essentials, rendering it almost as light as Bitcoin's.

Buterin的目標是使協議“由聰明的高中生可讀”。為了實現這一目標，他設想將關鍵代碼限制為必需品，從而使其幾乎像比特幣一樣輕。

One of the keys to this simplification is the 3-slot finality consensus. This model, described by Buterin himself, would eliminate complicated components like epochs, synchronization committees, and validator shuffling. As a result, we would have a simpler, more readable, and faster consensus than the current Gasper protocol.

簡化的關鍵之一是三插槽最終共識。該模型由Buterin本人描述，將消除複雜的組成部分，例如時期，同步委員會和驗證者改組。結果，與當前的Gasper協議相比，我們將具有更簡單，更可讀和更快的共識。

Buterin highlights that "a basic implementation of 3-slot finality fits in 200 lines of code." In contrast, the critical part of the Gasper code is around 3,000 lines, and it's still incomplete. Fewer lines of code mean fewer bugs, broader developer involvement, and a reduction in technical elitism.

Buterin強調說：“ 3插槽最終實現的基本實現適合200行代碼”。相比之下，Gasper代碼的關鍵部分約為3,000行，但仍然不完整。較少的代碼線意味著更少的錯誤，更廣泛的開發人員參與以及技術精英主義的減少。

As Sassal.eth adds, a simplified L1 also makes solo staking more accessible. In a rapidly changing technological landscape, it's crucial to keep up with the latest developments.

正如Sassal.eth所補充的那樣，簡化的L1還使獨奏店更容易訪問。在快速變化的技術景觀中，跟上最新發展至關重要。

Buterin also proposes replacing the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) with RISC-V, a simple and standardized virtual machine, for even faster execution. The transition would be gentle; an on-chain EVM interpreter would enable coexistence with the old contracts.

Buterin還建議用簡單而標準化的虛擬機Risc-V代替以太坊虛擬機（EVM），以更快地執行。過渡會很溫柔；鏈上EVM解釋器將與舊合同共存。

Buterin details the technical complexities of the current EVM, which is 256-bit architecture, has useless opcodes, and requires costly maintenance. In contrast, RISC-V is a 32-bit or 64-bit machine, used in the majority of CPUs and GPUs. It's an open-source standard, already adopted by large companies like Marvell and SiFive.

Buterin詳細介紹了當前EVM的技術複雜性，即256位體系結構，具有無用的操作碼，並且需要昂貴的維護。相比之下，RISC-V是大多數CPU和GPU中使用的32位或64位機器。這是一個開源標準，已經被Marvell等大型公司採用。

This transition could offer performance gains estimated at x100 for zero-knowledge proofs (ZK), according to Buterin, who adds that it would reduce the need to maintain complex precompilations.

根據Buterin的說法，這種過渡可以為零知識證明（ZK）估計的績效增長，他補充說，這將減少維持複雜預兼容的需求。

Moreover, Buterin envisions a single standard for all Ethereum. Currently, the blockchain uses multiple serialization formats (RLP, Benet, cbor) and Merkle tree structures (hashmap, sparse, verkle) for storage, transmission, and execution.

此外，Buterin設想了所有以太坊的單一標準。目前，區塊鏈使用多個序列化格式（RLP，BENET，CBOR）和MERKLE樹結構（哈希姆普，稀疏，Verkle）進行存儲，傳輸和執行。

Buterin proposes unifying these elements around SSZ (Simple Serialization Zoom) for all three functions. He also suggests adopting a single error-correcting code, like BCH (Bose, Chadou, and Hashing), for all critical parts of the system: Drive (DAS), P2P, and storage. This would minimize code duplication, maximize verifiability, and improve the overall system's readability.

Buterin提出了所有三個功能圍繞SSZ（簡單序列化縮放）統一這些元素。他還建議在系統的所有關鍵部分：驅動器（DAS），P2P和存儲中採用單個錯誤校正代碼，例如BCH（Bose，Chadou和Hashing）。這將最大程度地減少代碼重複，最大化可驗證性並提高整體系統的可讀性。

As Sassal.eth points out, this unification is crucial because we want tokens to be natively deployed on L1 and assets to be issued on standard modules.

正如sassal.eth指出的那樣，這種統一至關重要，因為我們希望將令牌本地部署在L1和標準模塊上的資產上。

Buterin summarizes this vision by stating that the goal is to move as much complexity as possible out of the consensus and keep only the critical part, which could be limited to a single file.

Buterin總結了這一願景，指出目標是將盡可能多的複雜性從共識中移開，而僅保留關鍵部分，這可能僅限於一個文件。

In essence, Buterin's vision is to return Ethereum to its core strength: a simple and stable layer 1, forming a clear base for a broader ecosystem of layer 2 solutions and advanced technologies like RISC-V and ZK. At a time when Ethereum wishes to remain the reference layer 1 for layer 2 solutions and the digital assets of the future, Buterin's words are a paradigm shift.

從本質上講，布特林的願景是將以太坊恢復到其核心強度：簡單而穩定的第1層，為第2層解決方案和RISC-V和ZK等先進技術的更廣泛的生態系統構成了一個清晰的基礎。在以太坊希望保留第2層解決方案和未來數字資產的參考層1時，Buterin的單詞是一個範式轉移。