回到简单：​​维塔利克·布特林（Vitalik Buterin）的十字军东征

多年来，以太坊一直在不懈地竞争复杂性，倍增功能和技术层面。但是今天，维塔利克·布特林（Vitalik Buterin）

In a surprising turn of events, Vitalik Buterin, co-founder of Ethereum, is calling for a return to simplicity in the protocol. At a time when Ethereum aims to become the primary layer 1 for layer 2 solutions and the digital assets of the future, Buterin's words carry significant weight.

令人惊讶的是，以太坊联合创始人Vitalik Buterin呼吁恢复协议中的简单性。在以太坊旨在成为第2层解决方案和未来数字资产的主要第1层的时候，Buterin的单词具有显着的权重。

Buterin's goal is to make the protocol "readable by a smart high school student." To achieve this, he envisions limiting critical code to the essentials, rendering it almost as light as Bitcoin's.

Buterin的目标是使协议“由聪明的高中生可读”。为了实现这一目标，他设想将关键代码限制为必需品，从而使其几乎像比特币一样轻。

One of the keys to this simplification is the 3-slot finality consensus. This model, described by Buterin himself, would eliminate complicated components like epochs, synchronization committees, and validator shuffling. As a result, we would have a simpler, more readable, and faster consensus than the current Gasper protocol.

简化的关键之一是三插槽最终共识。该模型由Buterin本人描述，将消除复杂的组成部分，例如时期，同步委员会和验证者改组。结果，与当前的Gasper协议相比，我们将具有更简单，更可读和更快的共识。

Buterin highlights that "a basic implementation of 3-slot finality fits in 200 lines of code." In contrast, the critical part of the Gasper code is around 3,000 lines, and it's still incomplete. Fewer lines of code mean fewer bugs, broader developer involvement, and a reduction in technical elitism.

Buterin强调说：“ 3插槽最终实现的基本实现适合200行代码”。相比之下，Gasper代码的关键部分约为3,000行，但仍然不完整。较少的代码线意味着更少的错误，更广泛的开发人员参与以及技术精英主义的减少。

As Sassal.eth adds, a simplified L1 also makes solo staking more accessible. In a rapidly changing technological landscape, it's crucial to keep up with the latest developments.

正如Sassal.eth所补充的那样，简化的L1还使独奏店更容易访问。在快速变化的技术景观中，跟上最新发展至关重要。

Buterin also proposes replacing the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) with RISC-V, a simple and standardized virtual machine, for even faster execution. The transition would be gentle; an on-chain EVM interpreter would enable coexistence with the old contracts.

Buterin还建议用简单而标准化的虚拟机Risc-V代替以太坊虚拟机（EVM），以更快地执行。过渡会很温柔；链上EVM解释器将与旧合同共存。

Buterin details the technical complexities of the current EVM, which is 256-bit architecture, has useless opcodes, and requires costly maintenance. In contrast, RISC-V is a 32-bit or 64-bit machine, used in the majority of CPUs and GPUs. It's an open-source standard, already adopted by large companies like Marvell and SiFive.

Buterin详细介绍了当前EVM的技术复杂性，即256位体系结构，具有无用的操作码，并且需要昂贵的维护。相比之下，RISC-V是大多数CPU和GPU中使用的32位或64位机器。这是一个开源标准，已经被Marvell等大型公司采用。

This transition could offer performance gains estimated at x100 for zero-knowledge proofs (ZK), according to Buterin, who adds that it would reduce the need to maintain complex precompilations.

根据Buterin的说法，这种过渡可以为零知识证明（ZK）估计的绩效增长，他补充说，这将减少维持复杂预兼容的需求。

Moreover, Buterin envisions a single standard for all Ethereum. Currently, the blockchain uses multiple serialization formats (RLP, Benet, cbor) and Merkle tree structures (hashmap, sparse, verkle) for storage, transmission, and execution.

此外，Buterin设想了所有以太坊的单一标准。目前，区块链使用多个序列化格式（RLP，BENET，CBOR）和MERKLE树结构（哈希姆普，稀疏，Verkle）进行存储，传输和执行。

Buterin proposes unifying these elements around SSZ (Simple Serialization Zoom) for all three functions. He also suggests adopting a single error-correcting code, like BCH (Bose, Chadou, and Hashing), for all critical parts of the system: Drive (DAS), P2P, and storage. This would minimize code duplication, maximize verifiability, and improve the overall system's readability.

Buterin提出了所有三个功能围绕SSZ（简单序列化缩放）统一这些元素。他还建议在系统的所有关键部分：驱动器（DAS），P2P和存储中采用单个错误校正代码，例如BCH（Bose，Chadou和Hashing）。这将最大程度地减少代码重复，最大化可验证性并提高整体系统的可读性。

As Sassal.eth points out, this unification is crucial because we want tokens to be natively deployed on L1 and assets to be issued on standard modules.

正如sassal.eth指出的那样，这种统一至关重要，因为我们希望将令牌本地部署在L1和标准模块上的资产上。

Buterin summarizes this vision by stating that the goal is to move as much complexity as possible out of the consensus and keep only the critical part, which could be limited to a single file.

Buterin总结了这一愿景，指出目标是将尽可能多的复杂性从共识中移开，而仅保留关键部分，这可能仅限于一个文件。

In essence, Buterin's vision is to return Ethereum to its core strength: a simple and stable layer 1, forming a clear base for a broader ecosystem of layer 2 solutions and advanced technologies like RISC-V and ZK. At a time when Ethereum wishes to remain the reference layer 1 for layer 2 solutions and the digital assets of the future, Buterin's words are a paradigm shift.

从本质上讲，布特林的愿景是将以太坊恢复到其核心强度：简单而稳定的第1层，为第2层解决方案和RISC-V和ZK等先进技术的更广泛的生态系统构成了一个清晰的基础。在以太坊希望保留第2层解决方案和未来数字资产的参考层1时，Buterin的单词是一个范式转移。