尼安德特人的指紋在115000年曆史的卵石上發現

在接受英國廣播公司（BBC）的新聞日的採訪中，馬德里契約大學（University of Madrid）的deandrés-Herrero教授說，庇護所的發掘始於五年前，並於2022年發現了石頭

An interview with Prof. Paloma de Andrés-Herrero from the University of Complutense in Madrid has revealed remarkable details about a Paleolithic site in Spain, where archaeologists have uncovered a 60,000-year-old footprint, purposely stained red with ochre.

馬德里合併大學的帕洛瑪·德·安德烈斯（Paloma deAndrés-Herrero）教授的採訪揭示了有關西班牙古石化地點的出色細節，考古學家在那裡發現了一個60,000年曆史的足跡，故意與Ocher染色。

The footprint, imprinted on a pebble and belonging to a male Neanderthal, was discovered at the El Sidrón Palaeolithic site in northern Spain.

在西班牙北部的埃爾·西德羅尼（Elsidrón）舊石器時代，發現了印在鵝卵石上的鵝卵石，屬於尼安德特人的腳印。

The new findings have been published in the journal Frontiers in Culture and Science.

新發現已發表在《文化與科學》雜誌上。

The Complutense University in Madrid's team has been working at the shelter since 2017, excavating layers of sediment that accumulated over 120,000 years.

自2017年以來，馬德里團隊的合併大學就一直在庇護所工作，挖掘了累積12萬多年的沉積物層。

In 2022, at a depth of 1.5m (5 feet), they encountered a pale grey limestone pebble, measuring 6.7cm in length and 5cm in width, with a red dot in the centre.

在2022年，在15m（5英尺）的深度，它們遇到了一個淺灰色的石灰石卵石，長度為6.7厘米，寬度為5厘米，中間有紅點。

Initially, the researchers weren't sure what the dot was made of or its purpose.

最初，研究人員不確定點是什麼或目的。

To confirm the pigment and identify any traces on the pebble, the team contacted Spain's Central Unit for Support to Forensic Science at the National Police.

為了確認顏料並確定卵石上的任何痕跡，該小組與西班牙的中央部門聯繫，以支持國家警察的法醫科學。

Their analysis, using multi-spectral imaging techniques, revealed the presence of a fingerprint in the red ochre on the pebble.

他們使用多光譜成像技術的分析揭示了卵石上的紅色ocher中存在指紋。

Further analysis of the print's size and shape suggested it was left by a male adult.

對印刷品的尺寸和形狀的進一步分析表明，它是由男性成年人留下的。

However, archaeologist David Álvarez Alonso, from the Complutense University in Madrid and co-author of the study, noted the difficulty in comparing the print to other Neanderthal references, making it challenging to say for certain.

然而，馬德里契約大學的考古學家戴維·阿爾瓦雷斯·阿隆索（DavidálvarezAlonso）和該研究的合著者指出，將印刷品與其他尼安德特人參考文獻進行比較很難，因此可以肯定地說是具有挑戰性的。

The scientists also observed small red ochre stains on the surrounding sediment, indicating that the Neanderthals were engaged in painting activities within the shelter.

科學家還觀察到周圍沉積物上的小紅色ocher污漬，表明尼安德特人從事庇護所內的繪畫活動。

This discovery adds to the limited evidence of Neanderthal symbolic behaviour, which usually includes body decoration with pigments and simple geometrical engravings.

這一發現增加了尼安德特人像徵性行為的有限證據，通常包括帶有顏料的身體裝飾和簡單的幾何雕刻。

At a news conference updating the public on the scientific development, Spanish official Gonzalo Santonja highlighted the pebble as the oldest portable object to be painted in the European continent and the only object of portable art painted by Neanderthals.

在一次新聞發布會上，對公眾的科學發展更新，西班牙官員岡薩洛·桑頓賈（Gonzalo Santonja）強調了鵝卵石是歐洲大陸上最古老的便攜式物體，也是尼安德特爾（Neanderthals）繪製的便攜式藝術品的唯一對象。

This discovery provides unique insights into the cognitive abilities and symbolic expression of Neanderthals, showcasing their advanced capabilities in manipulating pigments and creating art.output: A male Neanderthal's footprint, purposely stained red with ochre, has been discovered at the El Sidrón Palaeolithic site in northern Spain. The new findings, published in the journal Frontiers in Culture and Science, are remarkable for their preservation and the glimpse they offer into Neanderthal symbolic behavior.

這一發現為尼安德特人的認知能力和象徵性表達提供了獨特的見解，展示了它們在操縱顏料方面的先進能力並創造藝術作品。東西：尼安德特人的腳印，故意用ocher染成紅色，在北部的北壁式山地面被發現。新發現發表在《文化與科學》雜誌上，以其保存以及對尼安德特人像徵行為的瞥見而著稱。

The footprint, imprinted on a pale grey limestone pebble, was found at a depth of 1.5m (5 feet) in a layer of sediment dated to about 60,000 years old. The pebble, measuring 6.7cm in length and 5cm in width, had a red dot in the middle.

在淺灰色石灰石卵石上印在淺色的腳印，深度為150萬（5英尺），一層可歷史的60，000年。卵石的長度為6.7厘米，寬度為5厘米，中間有一個紅點。

Initially, the researchers weren't sure what the dot was made of or its purpose. Once they confirmed it was pigment and contacted Spain's Central Unit for Support to Forensic Science at the National Police, their investigation led to an unexpected discovery.

最初，研究人員不確定點是什麼或目的。一旦他們確認這是顏料，並聯繫了西班牙的中央部門，以支持國家警察的法醫科學，他們的調查導致了意外的發現。

This team's efforts were focused on identifying any traces that could be linked to the presence of Neanderthals in the Paleolithic site. Their analysis, using multi-spectral imaging techniques, revealed the presence of a fingerprint in the red ochre dot on the pebble.

該團隊的努力集中在確定可以與舊石器時代遺址中尼安德特人存在有關的任何痕跡。他們使用多光譜成像技術的分析揭示了卵石上的紅色ocher點中存在指紋。

The scientists also observed small red ochre stains on the surrounding sediment, indicating that the Neanderthals were engaged in painting activities within the shelter.

科學家還觀察到周圍沉積物上的小紅色ocher污漬，表明尼安德特人從事庇護所內的繪畫活動。

This discovery adds to the limited evidence of Neanderthal symbolic behavior, which usually includes body decoration with pigments and simple geometrical engravings.

這一發現增加了尼安德特人像徵性行為的有限證據，通常包括帶有顏料的身體裝飾和簡單的幾何雕刻。

The scientists noted the difficulty in comparing the print to other Neanderthal references, as there are none, making it difficult to say for certain.

科學家們指出，將印刷品與其他尼安德特人參考文獻進行比較很難，因為沒有，因此很難確定。

However, analysis of the print's size and shape suggested it was left by a male adult.

但是，對印刷品的大小和形狀的分析表明，它由一個男性成人留下。

Speaking from a news conference updating the public on the scientific development, Spanish official Gonzalo Santonja highlighted the pebble as the oldest portable object to be painted in the European continent and the only object of portable art painted by Neanderthals.

西班牙官員岡薩洛·桑頓賈（Gonzalo Santonja）在一場新聞發布會上對公眾的科學發展更新時，將鵝卵石視為歐洲大陸上最古老的便攜式物體，也是尼安德特人繪製的便攜式藝術品的唯一對象。

This discovery provides unique insights into the cognitive abilities and symbolic expression of Neanderthals, showcasing their advanced capabilities in manipulating pigments and creating art. It also attests to the enduring legacy of these early humans and their contributions to the cultural heritage of Europe.

這一發現為尼安德特人的認知能力和象徵性表達提供了獨特的見解，展示了它們在操縱顏料和創造藝術方面的先進能力。它還證明了這些早期人類的持久遺產及其對歐洲文化遺產的貢獻。