尼安德特人的指纹在115000年历史的卵石上发现

在接受英国广播公司（BBC）的新闻日的采访中，马德里契约大学（University of Madrid）的deandrés-Herrero教授说，庇护所的发掘始于五年前，并于2022年发现了石头

An interview with Prof. Paloma de Andrés-Herrero from the University of Complutense in Madrid has revealed remarkable details about a Paleolithic site in Spain, where archaeologists have uncovered a 60,000-year-old footprint, purposely stained red with ochre.

马德里合并大学的帕洛玛·德·安德烈斯（Paloma deAndrés-Herrero）教授的采访揭示了有关西班牙古石化地点的出色细节，考古学家在那里发现了一个60,000年历史的足迹，故意与Ocher染色。

The footprint, imprinted on a pebble and belonging to a male Neanderthal, was discovered at the El Sidrón Palaeolithic site in northern Spain.

在西班牙北部的埃尔·西德罗尼（Elsidrón）旧石器时代，发现了印在鹅卵石上的鹅卵石，属于尼安德特人的脚印。

The new findings have been published in the journal Frontiers in Culture and Science.

新发现已发表在《文化与科学》杂志上。

The Complutense University in Madrid's team has been working at the shelter since 2017, excavating layers of sediment that accumulated over 120,000 years.

自2017年以来，马德里团队的合并大学就一直在庇护所工作，挖掘了累积12万多年的沉积物层。

In 2022, at a depth of 1.5m (5 feet), they encountered a pale grey limestone pebble, measuring 6.7cm in length and 5cm in width, with a red dot in the centre.

在2022年，在15m（5英尺）的深度，它们遇到了一个浅灰色的石灰石卵石，长度为6.7厘米，宽度为5厘米，中间有红点。

Initially, the researchers weren't sure what the dot was made of or its purpose.

最初，研究人员不确定点是什么或目的。

To confirm the pigment and identify any traces on the pebble, the team contacted Spain's Central Unit for Support to Forensic Science at the National Police.

为了确认颜料并确定卵石上的任何痕迹，该小组与西班牙的中央部门联系，以支持国家警察的法医科学。

Their analysis, using multi-spectral imaging techniques, revealed the presence of a fingerprint in the red ochre on the pebble.

他们使用多光谱成像技术的分析揭示了卵石上的红色ocher中存在指纹。

Further analysis of the print's size and shape suggested it was left by a male adult.

对印刷品的尺寸和形状的进一步分析表明，它由男性成年人留下。

However, archaeologist David Álvarez Alonso, from the Complutense University in Madrid and co-author of the study, noted the difficulty in comparing the print to other Neanderthal references, making it challenging to say for certain.

然而，马德里契约大学的考古学家戴维·阿尔瓦雷斯·阿隆索（DavidálvarezAlonso）和该研究的合着者指出，将印刷品与其他尼安德特人参考文献进行比较很难，因此可以肯定地说是具有挑战性的。

The scientists also observed small red ochre stains on the surrounding sediment, indicating that the Neanderthals were engaged in painting activities within the shelter.

科学家还观察到周围沉积物上的小红色ocher污渍，表明尼安德特人从事庇护所内的绘画活动。

This discovery adds to the limited evidence of Neanderthal symbolic behaviour, which usually includes body decoration with pigments and simple geometrical engravings.

这一发现增加了尼安德特人象征性行为的有限证据，通常包括带有颜料的身体装饰和简单的几何雕刻。

At a news conference updating the public on the scientific development, Spanish official Gonzalo Santonja highlighted the pebble as the oldest portable object to be painted in the European continent and the only object of portable art painted by Neanderthals.

在一次新闻发布会上，对公众的科学发展更新，西班牙官员冈萨洛·桑顿贾（Gonzalo Santonja）强调了鹅卵石是欧洲大陆上最古老的便携式物体，也是尼安德特尔（Neanderthals）绘制的便携式艺术品的唯一对象。

This discovery provides unique insights into the cognitive abilities and symbolic expression of Neanderthals, showcasing their advanced capabilities in manipulating pigments and creating art.output: A male Neanderthal's footprint, purposely stained red with ochre, has been discovered at the El Sidrón Palaeolithic site in northern Spain. The new findings, published in the journal Frontiers in Culture and Science, are remarkable for their preservation and the glimpse they offer into Neanderthal symbolic behavior.

这一发现为尼安德特人的认知能力和象征性表达提供了独特的见解，展示了它们在操纵颜料方面的先进能力并创造艺术作品。东西：尼安德特人的脚印，故意用ocher染成红色，在北部的北壁式山地面被发现。新发现发表在《文化与科学》杂志上，以其保存以及对尼安德特人象征行为的瞥见而着称。

The footprint, imprinted on a pale grey limestone pebble, was found at a depth of 1.5m (5 feet) in a layer of sediment dated to about 60,000 years old. The pebble, measuring 6.7cm in length and 5cm in width, had a red dot in the middle.

在浅灰色石灰石卵石上印在浅色的脚印，深度为150万（5英尺），一层可历史的60，000年。卵石的长度为6.7厘米，宽度为5厘米，中间有一个红点。

Initially, the researchers weren't sure what the dot was made of or its purpose. Once they confirmed it was pigment and contacted Spain's Central Unit for Support to Forensic Science at the National Police, their investigation led to an unexpected discovery.

最初，研究人员不确定点是什么或目的。一旦他们确认这是颜料，并联系了西班牙的中央部门，以支持国家警察的法医科学，他们的调查导致了意外的发现。

This team's efforts were focused on identifying any traces that could be linked to the presence of Neanderthals in the Paleolithic site. Their analysis, using multi-spectral imaging techniques, revealed the presence of a fingerprint in the red ochre dot on the pebble.

该团队的努力集中在确定可以与旧石器时代遗址中尼安德特人存在有关的任何痕迹。他们使用多光谱成像技术的分析揭示了卵石上的红色ocher点中存在指纹。

The scientists also observed small red ochre stains on the surrounding sediment, indicating that the Neanderthals were engaged in painting activities within the shelter.

科学家还观察到周围沉积物上的小红色ocher污渍，表明尼安德特人从事庇护所内的绘画活动。

This discovery adds to the limited evidence of Neanderthal symbolic behavior, which usually includes body decoration with pigments and simple geometrical engravings.

这一发现增加了尼安德特人象征性行为的有限证据，通常包括带有颜料的身体装饰和简单的几何雕刻。

The scientists noted the difficulty in comparing the print to other Neanderthal references, as there are none, making it difficult to say for certain.

科学家们指出，将印刷品与其他尼安德特人参考文献进行比较很难，因为没有，因此很难确定。

However, analysis of the print's size and shape suggested it was left by a male adult.

但是，对印刷品的大小和形状的分析表明，它由一个男性成人留下。

Speaking from a news conference updating the public on the scientific development, Spanish official Gonzalo Santonja highlighted the pebble as the oldest portable object to be painted in the European continent and the only object of portable art painted by Neanderthals.

西班牙官员冈萨洛·桑顿贾（Gonzalo Santonja）在一场新闻发布会上向公众更新了科学发展，该官员强调了鹅卵石是欧洲大陆上最古老的便携式物体，也是尼安德特人绘制的便携式艺术品的唯一对象。

This discovery provides unique insights into the cognitive abilities and symbolic expression of Neanderthals, showcasing their advanced capabilities in manipulating pigments and creating art. It also attests to the enduring legacy of these early humans and their contributions to the cultural heritage of Europe.

这一发现为尼安德特人的认知能力和象征性表达提供了独特的见解，展示了它们在操纵颜料和创造艺术方面的先进能力。它还证明了这些早期人类的持久遗产及其对欧洲文化遗产的贡献。