区块链行业取决于专用区块链的部署和成功

Ava Labs 首席商务官 (CBO) John Nahas 表示，Web3 行业尚未完全进入主流。

Ava Labs chief business officer (CBO) John Nahas recently shared his thoughts on the blockchain industry’s evolution, the importance of purpose-built blockchains, and effective partnerships among blockchain projects. He also highlighted some regulatory instances that he believes have positively impacted the industry.

Ava Labs 首席商务官 (CBO) John Nahas 最近分享了他对区块链行业发展、专用区块链的重要性以及区块链项目之间有效合作伙伴关系的看法。他还强调了一些他认为对该行业产生了积极影响的监管实例。

In an interview with Bitcoin.com News, Nahas discussed various topics, including the missing element hindering the blockchain industry’s full potential, the difference between general-purpose and purpose-built blockchains, and the essential qualities to seek when building a blockchain development team.

在接受 Bitcoin.com News 采访时，Nahas 讨论了各种话题，包括阻碍区块链行业充分发挥潜力的缺失因素、通用区块链和专用区块链之间的区别，以及建立区块链开发团队时需要寻求的基本素质。

Below are Nahas’ answers to all the questions sent.

以下是纳哈斯对所有问题的答复。

Bitcoin.com News (BCN): The decentralized blockchain industry has evolved in phases. Bitcoin’s initial era focused on “alternative money,” while Ethereum emphasized smart contracts and decentralized applications (dapps). Today, Web3 development and third-generation decentralized solutions are at the forefront. However, the industry has not fully entered the mainstream. As a long-time observer, what do you see as missing or hindering the blockchain industry’s full potential?

Bitcoin.com News (BCN)：去中心化区块链行业已经分阶段发展。比特币的最初时代专注于“另类货币”，而以太坊则强调智能合约和去中心化应用程序（dapp）。如今，Web3 开发和第三代去中心化解决方案处于最前沿。然而，该行业尚未完全进入主流。作为长期观察者，您认为哪些因素缺失或阻碍了区块链行业的全部潜力？

John Nahas (JN): The current problem with the Web3 space is the constant proliferation of the general-purpose Layer 1 blockchain. Their primary product is their token, and they seek to lure developers and users to their slightly better technology. There are constant incremental improvements at the blockchain layer, which is more blockspace, but there’s not enough innovation.

John Nahas (JN)：Web3 空间当前的问题是通用第 1 层区块链的不断扩散。他们的主要产品是他们的代币，他们寻求吸引开发人员和用户使用他们稍微更好的技术。区块链层不断进行增量改进，即更多的区块空间，但创新不够。

The solution to this problem, and what has been missing, is the rise of purpose-built blockchains (or application chains). The future will be multi-chain, however, a plethora of general-purpose chains does not solve the unique needs of projects building across a variety of sectors, from banking to gaming to AI to consumer. Purpose-built chains –which are an asset, jurisdiction, compliance, and use case specific –are needed to scale the numerous use cases. This will lead to mass adoption. No single chain can absorb all the potential demand, and we’ve seen that general-purpose chains alone have failed to deliver a solution the market needs to expand.

这个问题的解决方案以及一直缺失的方案是专用区块链（或应用程序链）的兴起。未来将是多链的，然而，过多的通用链并不能解决跨多个领域（从银行、游戏、人工智能到消费者）构建项目的独特需求。需要专门构建的链（资产、管辖权、合规性和特定用例）来扩展众多用例。这将导致大规模采用。没有任何一条链可以吸收所有潜在需求，而且我们已经看到，仅靠通用链无法提供市场扩展所需的解决方案。

BCN: General-purpose and purpose-built blockchains have both found success, but purpose-built chains are currently gaining significant attention. Can you explain the difference between the two and what problems they address that general-purpose blockchains cannot?

BCN：通用和专用区块链都取得了成功，但专用链目前正受到广泛关注。您能解释一下两者之间的区别以及它们解决了哪些通用区块链无法解决的问题吗？

JN: General purpose blockchains provide “slight” improvements over existing Layer 1 chains, but they do not meet the demand of all the use cases, businesses, and scale that is needed to make blockchains go mainstream.

JN：通用区块链对现有的第 1 层链进行了“轻微”改进，但它们不能满足区块链成为主流所需的所有用例、业务和规模的需求。

However, purpose-built chains (previously called application-specific, or app chains) are where the industry is inevitably going. Purpose-built chains can accommodate specific uses, manage fees, use specific virtual machines (VMs), have their own gas token (or no gas token), and are customizable to the particular requirements of the business, asset, jurisdiction, and developer. They are needed solutions to fix technical bottlenecks, whereas general purpose chains (and their excess) are oftentimes solutions in search of a problem.

然而，专用链（以前称为特定应用程序或应用程序链）是该行业不可避免的发展方向。专门构建的链可以适应特定用途、管理费用、使用特定虚拟机 (VM)、拥有自己的 Gas 代币（或没有 Gas 代币），并且可以根据业务、资产、司法管辖区和开发人员的特定要求进行定制。它们是解决技术瓶颈所需要的解决方案，而通用链（及其多余的）通常是寻找问题的解决方案。

BCN: As the blockchain industry continues to evolve, participants will increasingly form partnerships to enhance the user experience or leverage each other’s strengths. Can you briefly explain the essential elements for effective partnerships among blockchain projects, and highlight some common reasons for failed partnerships?

BCN：随着区块链行业的不断发展，参与者将越来越多地结成合作伙伴关系，以增强用户体验或发挥彼此的优势。您能否简要解释一下区块链项目之间有效合作的基本要素，并强调合作失败的一些常见原因？

JN: Most failed projects had an outsized focus on the headline and the name recognition and association that came with it. They made news but did not solve a problem. We saw this for a couple of years, where a company or a builder would have a great idea and then say “put on blockchain” like it was a special ingredient or an automatic bonus. The blockchain element should facilitate the use case, and be the technology that allows for a product or asset to succeed, not the highlight.

JN：大多数失败的项目都过分关注标题以及随之而来的知名度和关联性。他们制造了新闻，但没有解决问题。我们已经看到这种情况好几年了，公司或建筑商会有一个好主意，然后说“采用区块链”，就像它是一种特殊成分或自动奖金一样。区块链元素应该促进用例，并且是允许产品或资产成功的技术，而不是亮点。

Effective partnerships are built around three key components: technology, team, and incentives. If a team is building a successful product, they should look for the best technology to facilitate that product – that is the foundational decision. After the tech, the team you work with is as important, if not more important, than the tech. People like working with people they like, and if there is a good relationship that is built on trust and clear goals, then the likelihood of success is much higher. If these two tenets are there, then the incentive (financial or support) is easy since both sides have a shared goal of winning. However, we often see teams in this space chase the incentive first, which is the wrong priority.

有效的合作伙伴关系是围绕三个关键组成部分建立的：技术、团队和激励措施。如果一个团队正在构建一个成功的产品，他们应该寻找最好的技术来促进该产品的发展——这是基本的决定。除了技术之外，与您一起工作的团队与技术同样重要，甚至更重要。人们喜欢与自己喜欢的人一起工作，如果建立在信任和明确目标之上的良好关系，那么成功的可能性就会高得多。如果这两个原则都存在，那么激励（经济或支持）就很容易，因为双方都有共同的获胜目标。然而，我们经常看到这个领域的团队首先追求激励，这是错误的优先顺序。

BCN: Many analysts believe blockchain projects are only as strong as their teams. As a seasoned blockchain industry veteran involved in multiple projects and teams, what are the essential qualities to seek when building a team? What factors contribute to a successful blockchain development team that can drive ecosystem growth and broader adoption of blockchain projects?

BCN：许多分析师认为，区块链项目的实力取决于其团队的实力。作为一名参与过多个项目、多个团队的区块链行业资深人士，在组建团队时需要具备哪些基本素质？哪些因素有助于区块链开发团队取得成功，从而推动生态系统的发展和区块链项目的更广泛采用？

JN: Two things stand out the most – curiosity and hustle. These are the soft skills that often cannot be learned on the job. Technical, operational, and informational skills can be learned

JN：有两件事最突出——好奇心和忙碌。这些是通常无法在工作中学到的软技能。技术、操作和信息技能是可以学习的