Vitalik Buterin提出了簡化以太坊的根本願景

以太坊聯合創始人Vitalik Buterin發表了一項詳細的建議，主張在未來五年內對以太坊的核心協議進行根本性簡化。

Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin has published a detailed proposal advocating for a radical simplification of Ethereum’s core protocol over the next five years.

以太坊聯合創始人Vitalik Buterin發表了一項詳細的建議，主張在未來五年內對以太坊的核心協議進行根本性簡化。

His vision, which is inspired by Bitcoin’s elegantly minimal design and is titled “The Goal of Simplifying the L1,” was shared in a recent post.

他的視野是受比特幣優雅的最小設計啟發的，標題為“簡化L1的目標”，在最近的一篇文章中分享了。

Aiming For Simplicity In Ethereum’s Architecture

旨在使以太坊建築的簡單性

旨在使以太坊建築的簡單性

Buterin notes that as Ethereum transforms into a global, scalable and resilient computer, it also needs protocol architecture that is easy to reason about, understand, and maintain.

Buterin指出，當以太坊變成一台全球，可擴展和彈性的計算機時，它還需要易於推理，理解和維護的協議體系結構。

He feels that Ethereum has become increasingly complex over the years due to the fact that most of the improvements have yielded diminishing returns on the effort of the creators.

他認為，由於大多數改進在創作者的努力中的回報降低，多年來，以太坊已經變得越來越複雜。

Referring to Bitcoin’s elegant block structure and consensus algorithm, Buterin feels that Ethereum can be equally elegant.

在談到比特幣優雅的塊結構和共識算法時，Buterin認為以太坊可以同樣優雅。

“We can set a goal of having the entire PoS+block+tx+receipts+state structure and all the persistent data structures used in the light client be able to fit within a single A4 page, and the main programs (execution engine, PoS engine, network code) to be smaller than 60,000 lines of code.

“我們可以設定一個目標，即讓整個POS+塊+TX+收據+狀態結構以及光客戶端中使用的所有持續數據結構都可以適合單個A4頁面，而主程序（執行引擎，POS引擎，網絡代碼，網絡代碼）則小於60,000行代碼。

If we can get the code small enough, it will become possible to get large portions of the protocol, or even the whole thing, into a state of being completely formally verified. This would be a huge step forward in terms of making the protocol more secure and reliable.”

如果我們能夠使代碼足夠小，那麼將有可能將大部分協議甚至整個內容的部分納入一個被正式驗證的狀態。就使協議更加安全和可靠而言，這將是邁出的一大步。 ”

With this in mind, Buterin thinks that there should be a line-of-code limit placed on the Ether protocol to keep its increasing complexity in check.

考慮到這一點，Buterin認為，在以太協議上應該有一個代碼線限制，以使其增加複雜性。

This, in turn, would keep Ethereum from becoming dependent on some small group of technocratic elites and allow greater opportunities for participation in development and governance.

反過來，這將使以太坊無法依賴一些小組的技術專家，並為參與發展和治理提供更多機會。

RISC-V’s Potential To Revolutionize Ethereum’s Execution Layer

RISC-V革命以太坊的執行層的潛力

RISC-V革命以太坊的執行層的潛力

The central part of Buterin’s proposal involves envisioning a complete overhaul of Ether’s execution layer. He notes the increasing inefficiency of Ether’s EVM.

Buterin提案的中心部分涉及對Ether執行層進行全面大修。他指出，Ether的EVM效率不斷提高。

The environment, he claims, is over-engineered to function with outdated cryptography as well as specific edge cases. Instead of making piecemeal reforms, Buterin suggests replacing the EVM with a far simpler virtual machine such as RISC-V.

他聲稱，環境因過時的密碼學和特定的邊緣案例而被過度設計。 Buterin沒有做出零碎的改革，而是建議用RISC-V等更簡單的虛擬機代替EVM。

ETH researcher Barnabé Monnot, who has extensively contributed to VM performance and zero-knowledge proofs, is in favor of this direction.

ETH研究員BarnabéMonnot為VM績效和零知識證明做出了廣泛貢獻，他贊成這個方向。

He adds that executing smart contracts natively on a machine based on RISC-V may bring more than 100x in execution performance improvements and eliminate most of the legacy code Ethereum now has.

他補充說，基於RISC-V的機器本地執行智能合約可能會帶來100倍以上的執行績效改進，並消除現在大多數舊式代碼以太坊。

This will also simplify formal verification, minimal bugs, and support more mainstream programming languages better.

這還將簡化正式驗證，最小的錯誤並更好地支持更多主流編程語言。

Simplifying Ethereum’s Infrastructure

簡化以太坊的基礎架構

簡化以太坊的基礎架構

Buterin also emphasizes unifying multiple backends like erasure codes, serialization schemes, and Merkle trees.

Buterin還強調統一多個後端，例如擦除代碼，序列化方案和默克爾樹。

Currently, there are separate, often incompatible protocols that each component in Ether uses to do things that should be standardized.

當前，Ether中的每個組件都用來執行應該標準化的事情。

By employing one serialization format such as SSZ and one erasure code across consensus, execution, and storage layers, Ethereum may be able to significantly cut back on duplication and resulting technical debt.

通過採用一種序列化格式，例如SSZ和一項跨共識，執行和存儲層的擦除代碼，以太坊可能能夠顯著減少重複和導致的技術債務。

This under-the-radar route of simplifying by standardizing shared infrastructure may be Ether’s silent game-changer.

通過標準化共享的基礎架構來簡化的雷達下的途徑可能是Ether的無聲遊戲規則改變者。

It is harmonious with the more aggressive proposals in the area of consensus and execution without impacting developers or users and may be the answer to keeping Ether both scalable and robust in the long term.

這與共識和執行領域中更具侵略性的建議無影響，而無需影響開發人員或用戶，這可能是長期保持以太可擴展性和健壯性的答案。