Vitalik Buterin提出了简化以太坊的根本愿景

以太坊联合创始人Vitalik Buterin发表了一项详细的建议，主张在未来五年内对以太坊的核心协议进行根本性简化。

Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin has published a detailed proposal advocating for a radical simplification of Ethereum’s core protocol over the next five years.

以太坊联合创始人Vitalik Buterin发表了一项详细的建议，主张在未来五年内对以太坊的核心协议进行根本性简化。

His vision, which is inspired by Bitcoin’s elegantly minimal design and is titled “The Goal of Simplifying the L1,” was shared in a recent post.

他的视野是受比特币优雅的最小设计启发的，标题为“简化L1的目标”，在最近的一篇文章中分享了。

Aiming For Simplicity In Ethereum’s Architecture

旨在使以太坊建筑的简单性

旨在使以太坊建筑的简单性

Buterin notes that as Ethereum transforms into a global, scalable and resilient computer, it also needs protocol architecture that is easy to reason about, understand, and maintain.

Buterin指出，当以太坊变成一台全球，可扩展和弹性的计算机时，它还需要易于推理，理解和维护的协议体系结构。

He feels that Ethereum has become increasingly complex over the years due to the fact that most of the improvements have yielded diminishing returns on the effort of the creators.

他认为，由于大多数改进在创作者的努力中的回报降低，多年来，以太坊已经变得越来越复杂。

Referring to Bitcoin’s elegant block structure and consensus algorithm, Buterin feels that Ethereum can be equally elegant.

在谈到比特币优雅的块结构和共识算法时，Buterin认为以太坊可以同样优雅。

“We can set a goal of having the entire PoS+block+tx+receipts+state structure and all the persistent data structures used in the light client be able to fit within a single A4 page, and the main programs (execution engine, PoS engine, network code) to be smaller than 60,000 lines of code.

“我们可以设定一个目标，即让整个POS+块+TX+收据+状态结构以及光客户端中使用的所有持续数据结构都可以适合单个A4页面，而主程序（执行引擎，POS引擎，网络代码，网络代码）则小于60,000行代码。

If we can get the code small enough, it will become possible to get large portions of the protocol, or even the whole thing, into a state of being completely formally verified. This would be a huge step forward in terms of making the protocol more secure and reliable.”

如果我们能够使代码足够小，那么将有可能将大部分协议甚至整个内容的部分纳入一个被正式验证的状态。就使协议更加安全和可靠而言，这将是迈出的一大步。”

With this in mind, Buterin thinks that there should be a line-of-code limit placed on the Ether protocol to keep its increasing complexity in check.

考虑到这一点，Buterin认为，在以太协议上应该有一个代码线限制，以使其增加复杂性。

This, in turn, would keep Ethereum from becoming dependent on some small group of technocratic elites and allow greater opportunities for participation in development and governance.

反过来，这将使以太坊无法依赖一些小组的技术专家，并为参与发展和治理提供更多机会。

RISC-V’s Potential To Revolutionize Ethereum’s Execution Layer

RISC-V革命以太坊的执行层的潜力

RISC-V革命以太坊的执行层的潜力

The central part of Buterin’s proposal involves envisioning a complete overhaul of Ether’s execution layer. He notes the increasing inefficiency of Ether’s EVM.

Buterin提案的中心部分涉及对Ether执行层进行全面大修。他指出，Ether的EVM效率不断提高。

The environment, he claims, is over-engineered to function with outdated cryptography as well as specific edge cases. Instead of making piecemeal reforms, Buterin suggests replacing the EVM with a far simpler virtual machine such as RISC-V.

他声称，环境因过时的密码学和特定的边缘案例而被过度设计。 Buterin没有做出零碎的改革，而是建议用RISC-V等更简单的虚拟机代替EVM。

ETH researcher Barnabé Monnot, who has extensively contributed to VM performance and zero-knowledge proofs, is in favor of this direction.

ETH研究员BarnabéMonnot为VM绩效和零知识证明做出了广泛贡献，他赞成这个方向。

He adds that executing smart contracts natively on a machine based on RISC-V may bring more than 100x in execution performance improvements and eliminate most of the legacy code Ethereum now has.

他补充说，基于RISC-V的机器本地执行智能合约可能会带来100倍以上的执行绩效改进，并消除现在大多数旧式代码以太坊。

This will also simplify formal verification, minimal bugs, and support more mainstream programming languages better.

这还将简化正式验证，最小的错误并更好地支持更多主流编程语言。

Simplifying Ethereum’s Infrastructure

简化以太坊的基础架构

简化以太坊的基础架构

Buterin also emphasizes unifying multiple backends like erasure codes, serialization schemes, and Merkle trees.

Buterin还强调统一多个后端，例如擦除代码，序列化方案和默克尔树。

Currently, there are separate, often incompatible protocols that each component in Ether uses to do things that should be standardized.

当前，Ether中的每个组件都用来执行应该标准化的事情。

By employing one serialization format such as SSZ and one erasure code across consensus, execution, and storage layers, Ethereum may be able to significantly cut back on duplication and resulting technical debt.

通过采用一种序列化格式，例如SSZ和一项跨共识，执行和存储层的擦除代码，以太坊可能能够显着减少重复和导致的技术债务。

This under-the-radar route of simplifying by standardizing shared infrastructure may be Ether’s silent game-changer.

通过标准化共享的基础架构来简化的雷达下的途径可能是Ether的无声游戏规则改变者。

It is harmonious with the more aggressive proposals in the area of consensus and execution without impacting developers or users and may be the answer to keeping Ether both scalable and robust in the long term.

这与共识和执行领域中更具侵略性的建议无影响，而无需影响开发人员或用户，这可能是长期保持以太可扩展性和健壮性的答案。