地方法院裁決後，龍捲風現金正式避免美國製裁

財政部外國資產控制辦公室（OFAC）3月從其製裁清單中刪除了龍捲風現金

Tornado Cash is officially safe from U.S. sanctions, following a district court ruling on Monday.

在周一的地方法院裁決之後，龍捲風現金正式免受美國製裁的正式保護。

The Treasury Department’s Office of Foreign Asset Control (OFAC) removed Tornado Cash from its sanctions list in March, several months after an appeals court ruled that the agency had “overstepped its Congressionally-defined authority” by sanctioning the crypto mixing service’s smart contracts back in 2022.

財政部的外國資產控制辦公室（OFAC）在三月份從其製裁名單中刪除了龍捲風現金，此前上訴法院裁定該機構在2022年裁定了Crypto Mixing Service的智能合約，該機構“超過了其國會定義的當局”。

However, the way that OFAC de-listed Tornado Cash, and the subsequent notices and motions its lawyers filed with the court in March, left apparent wiggle room for the agency to put the mixing service back on its no-fly list in the future, a federal judge said. The Treasury attorneys argued that, because OFAC had revoked sanctions against Tornado Cash before the district court’s final judgment (but after the appeals court’s decisive ruling), the issue was moot.

但是，OFAC撤銷龍捲風現金的方式以及隨後的律師在3月向法院提交的通知和動議，顯然為該機構將混合服務置於未來的無燈光名單上留下了明顯的擺動空間。財政律師辯稱，由於OFAC在地方法院的最終判決之前（但在上訴法院的決定性裁決）之前撤銷了對龍捲風現金的製裁，因此問題是沒有問題的。

But, to the six plaintiffs in Van Loon vs. Treasury — all users of Tornado Cash — the issue was not, in fact, moot. In an April 21 filing, their lawyers blasted OFAC’s response to the Fifth Circuit’s ruling, calling it “a study in chaos” and accusing them of “wav[ing] the mootness flag” in a last-ditch effort to “evade an adverse judgment.”

但是，對於Van Loon與財政部的六個原告（所有龍捲風現金的用戶）實際上並非沒有說明問題。在4月21日的提交中，他們的律師抨擊了OFAC對第五巡迴法院的裁決的回應，稱其為“混亂的研究”，並指責他們“ Wav Ing the Mootness Flag”，以“逃避不利的判斷”。

“Enough is enough,” lawyers for the plaintiff told the judge. “It is time for this Court to do what the Fifth Circuit ordered months ago … Defendants’ designation must be held unlawful and set aside.”

“足夠了，”原告律師告訴法官。 “現在是時候讓該法院做幾個月前的第五巡迴法院下令……被告的指定必須是非法的並擱置了。”

In his sternly-worded ruling yesterday, U.S. District Judge Robert Pitman of the Western District of Texas said that the case was not moot, and sided with the plaintiffs, ruling that OFAC’s designation of Tornado Cash was unlawful and the agency is therefore permanently enjoined from enforcing sanctions against it.

美國德克薩斯州西部地區的美國地方法院法官羅伯特·皮特曼（Robert Pitman）在他的嚴厲言論裁決中說，此案並非沒有意義，而與原告有關，裁定OFAC指定龍捲風現金是違法的，因此該機構是永久禁止對其執行製裁的。

“[OFAC does] not suggest they will not sanction Tornado Cash again, and they may seek to 'reenact precisely the same [designation] in the future,” Pitman wrote. “Rather than acknowledge that the Fifth Circuit’s order required delisting Tornado Cash, Defendants state that they exercised their 'discretion' in deciding to do so based on more general policy and legal considerations.”

皮特曼寫道：“ [OFAC]並不建議他們不會再批准龍捲風現金，他們可能會尋求'將來的[指定]完全相同。” “與其承認第五巡迴法院的命令需要將龍捲風現金推遲，不如說他們根據更一般的政策和法律考慮，在決定這樣做時行使'酌處權'。”

The U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ) is currently pursuing criminal charges against two Tornado Cash developers, Roman Storm and Roman Semenov, who were charged in 2023 with conspiracy to commit money laundering, conspiracy to operate an unlicensed money transmitter, and conspiracy to violate U.S. sanctions. Semenov remains on OFAC’s sanctions list.

美國司法部（DOJ）目前正在針對兩名龍捲風現金開發商羅馬風暴和羅馬·塞梅諾夫（Roman Semenov）提起刑事指控，他們於2023年被指控串謀進行洗錢，串謀經營無執照的貨幣發射機，並串謀違反美國製裁。 Semenov仍然處於OFAC的製裁清單上。

Earlier this month, U.S. Deputy Attorney General Todd Blanche sent DOJ staff a memo informing them of narrowing crypto-related enforcement priorities. Staff were instructed to no longer pursue cases against crypto exchanges, mixing services or offline wallets “for the acts of their end users or unwitting violations of regulations.” Blanche ordered any ongoing investigations that were not compliant with these new priorities to be dropped, and said that his office would work with the DOJ’s criminal division to decide how to proceed with any pending litigation that didn't meet the new enforcement standards.

本月初，美國副檢察長托德·布蘭奇（Todd Blanche）向司法部寄來了一份備忘錄，告知他們縮小與加密相關的執法優先事項。指示工作人員不再針對加密交易所，混合服務或離線錢包進行案件，以“最終用戶的行為或不願違反法規的行為”。布蘭奇下令進行任何不符合這些新優先事項的調查，並表示他的辦公室將與司法部的刑事部門合作，以決定如何進行任何不符合新執法標準的未決訴訟。

The memo has already made waves in ongoing crypto litigation. Prosecutors in the case against the two founders of crypto mixer Samourai Wallet filed a joint request with defense lawyers on Monday, asking the court for a 16-day extension in various deadlines as they decided whether or not to drop charges under the auspices of Blanche’s memo.

該備忘錄已經在正在進行的加密訴訟中引起了海浪。針對加密貨幣混合器的兩位創始人Samourai Wallet的檢察官週一向辯方律師提出了聯合請求，要求法院在各種截止日期的延期延長16天，因為他們決定是否根據Blanche Memo的主持人提出指控。

A host of prominent figures in the crypto industry also signed on to a letter from the DeFi Education Fund to White House AI and Crypto Czar David Sacks on Monday, urging U.S. President Donald Trump to intervene in the case to “discontinue the Biden-era Department of Justice’s lawless campaign to criminalize open-source software development” and the prosecution of Storm.

加密貨幣行業中的許多著名人物還簽署了Defi教育基金會的一封信，並於週一致給白宮AI和Crypto Czar David Sacks，敦促美國總統唐納德·特朗普（Donald Trump）干預此案，以“終止了拜登 - 司法部司法部無律師事務所的無律師運動，以使犯罪的開放式軟件開發刑事犯罪”，以及對風暴的提案。