世界網絡是山姆·奧特曼（Sam Altman）的OpenAI的數字身份和加密項目，在美國發射之前引起了隱私活動家的震驚

由X上的FactoryDao首席執行官Nick Almond撰寫。儘管該項目聲稱保護AI擴散時代的用戶隱私，但它面臨著全球各地的一系列監管問題。

World, the digital identity and crypto project by Sam Altman’s OpenAI, is rolling out its iris-scanning technology and crypto token payout scheme in the United States.

World是Sam Altman的Openai的數字身份和加密項目，正在美國推出其虹膜掃描技術和加密代幣支付計劃。

However, ahead of the launch, privacy activists have sounded the alarm over the project’s data collection and protection practices.

但是，在發布之前，隱私活動家對項目的數據收集和保護實踐發出了警報。

While the project claims to be protecting user privacy in the age of proliferating AI, it’s faced a slew of regulatory concerns across the globe.

雖然該項目聲稱在擴散AI的時代正在保護用戶隱私，但它在全球範圍內面臨著許多監管問題。

World’s latest foray into the US could prove to be CEO Sam Altman’s biggest challenge yet, where privacy concerns are heightened by a patchwork of enforcement that differs state by state.

世界上最新涉足美國的企業可能被證明是首席執行官薩姆·奧特曼（Sam Altman）迄今為止最大的挑戰，在這種情況下，通過國家 /地區差異的執法部門的拼湊而加劇了隱私問題。

World’s US expansion brings varied privacy laws and potential for discrimination

世界的美國擴張帶來了多種隱私法和歧視的潛力

On April 30, Altman announced that World would be setting up in “key innovation hubs” in five states in the US: Atlanta, Austin, Los Angeles, Miami, Nashville and San Francisco.

4月30日，奧特曼宣布，世界將在美國五個州的“關鍵創新樞紐”中建立：亞特蘭大，奧斯汀，洛杉磯，邁阿密，邁阿密，納什維爾和舊金山。

Would-be verified humans can scan their irises at these hubs, giving World unique biomedical markers. These markers, in turn, can be used to interact with others on digital platforms in a way that is verifiable and human-led.

可能被驗證的人可以在這些樞紐中掃描虹膜，從而為世界提供獨特的生物醫學標記。反過來，這些標記可用於以可驗證和人為主導的方式在數字平台上與他人互動。

But as World expands into the US, an uncertain regulatory landscape could put people off and make it difficult for the platform to build user trust.

但是，隨著世界擴展到美國，不確定的監管景觀可能會使人們失望，並使平台難以建立用戶信任。

Andrew Rossow, a cyber and public affairs attorney at Rossow Law, told Cointelegraph that there is no comprehensive federal law specifically regulating biometric data (such as iris scans) in the US.

Rossow Law的網絡和公共事務律師安德魯·羅索（Andrew Rossow）告訴Cointelegraph，在美國，沒有專門調節生物識別數據（例如IRIS掃描）的全面聯邦法律。

Instead, laws differ state by state. Two states in which World will operate, Texas and California, have some form of legal protections in place for biometric data.

相反，法律按州不同。世界將在得克薩斯州和加利福尼亞州運作的兩個州有某種形式的生物識別數據。

World users in the remaining three states, Georgia, Tennessee and Florida, must rely on federal law, which requires that companies must be transparent and fair, but there are no special state rules for iris scans.

其餘三個州的世界用戶，佐治亞州，田納西州和佛羅里達州必須依靠聯邦法律，該法律要求公司必須是透明和公平的，但沒有針對IRIS掃描的州規則。

However, even the existence of state law is no guarantee of protection. In Texas, there is no private right of action for biometric data — only the state attorney general (AG) can enforce the state’s Capture or Use of Biometric Identifier law.

但是，即使是州法律的存在也不能保證保護。在德克薩斯州，沒有用於生物識別數據的私人訴訟權 - 只有州檢察長（AG）才能強制執行該州對生物識別標識符定律的捕獲或使用。

“The effectiveness of user data protections, as it pertains to World, hinges almost entirely on the Texas AG’s priorities, resources and willingness to act,” said Rossow. A more aggressive AG could mean more robust protections, while “a less aggressive administration could deprioritize enforcement, which leaves consumers open and vulnerable to exploitation.”

Rossow說：“用戶數據保護的有效性，與世界有關，幾乎完全取決於得克薩斯州的AG的優先事項，資源和採取行動意願。”更具侵略性的AG可能意味著更強大的保護措施，而“不太積極的管理可能會剝奪執法，這使消費者開放且容易受到剝削。”

The potential for exploitation is one of the key factors driving activist efforts against systems like World’s.

剝削的潛力是推動激進主義者努力對抗世界等系統的關鍵因素之一。

Privacy International, a privacy protection group that supported legal action in Kenya against World, notes that in “the absence of strong legal frameworks and strict safeguards, biometric technologies pose grave threats to privacy and personal security, as their application can be broadened to facilitate discrimination, profiling and mass surveillance.”

隱私國際保護組織是一個支持肯尼亞法律行動的隱私保護組織，指出“在缺乏強大的法律框架和嚴格的保障措施中，生物識別技術對隱私和個人安全構成了嚴重威脅，因為它們的應用可以擴大以促進歧視，概況和大規模監視。”

As far back as 2021, Amnesty International had raised concerns over discrimination and biometric systems’ applications of dubious methodologies. Such systems, they said, can “make inferences and predictions about things such as people’s gender, emotions, or other personal attributes, suffer from serious, fundamental flaws in their scientific underpinnings.”

早在2021年，大赦國際就對歧視和生物識別系統的可疑方法的應用引起了人們的關注。他們說，這樣的系統可以“推斷和預測人們的性別，情感或其他個人屬性，在其科學基礎上遭受嚴重的，根本的缺陷。”

World faces mounting bans and legal action

世界面對禁令和法律訴訟

OpenAI may be doubling down on an American strategy, but other jurisdictions around the world are increasingly investigating, limiting or banning the firm’s activities.

Openai可能會縮減美國戰略，但世界各地的其他司法管轄區越來越多地調查，限製或禁止公司的活動。

In 2023, regulators in India, South Korea, Kenya, Germany and Brazil began investigating the firm’s data collection practices. Spain became the first country to place a complete ban on World in March 2024.

2023年，印度，韓國，肯尼亞，德國和巴西的監管機構開始調查該公司的數據收集實踐。西班牙成為2024年3月第一個禁止世界禁令的國家。

The Spanish Data Protection Agency previously told Cointelegraph that its course of action was based on reports from Spanish citizens. It claimed that Orb operators provided insufficient information, collected data from minors and even failed to allow withdrawal of consent.

西班牙數據保護局此前曾告訴Cointelegraph，其行動是基於西班牙公民的報告。它聲稱Orb運營商提供了不足的信息，未允許撤回同意的信息，甚至沒有允許撤回同意。

Following the move, World stated that it operates lawfully in all of the locations in which it is available.

此舉之後，世界表示，它在可用的所有位置都合法運作。

However, global regulators disagreed. Hong Kong followed suit in May 2024 and ordered World to cease operations as it was allegedly breaching the city-state’s Personal Data Privacy Ordinance.

但是，全球監管機構不同意。香港於2024年5月效仿，並命令世界停止運營，因為據稱它違反了城市國家的個人數據隱私條例。

Further accusations of improper data collection practices followed, and a number of countries like Germany and, more recently, Kenya, have ordered World to delete the data of thousands of users, while Colombia and Argentina have issued hefty fines.

遵循的數據收集慣例不當，以及肯尼亞最近的許多國家命令世界刪除數千名用戶的數據，而哥倫比亞和阿根廷則發出了巨額罰款。

In January 2025, Brazil’s National Data Protection Authority banned World outright, citing concern over the irreversible nature of data collection and the potential for World to economically influence disadvantaged people with the promise of crypto for their data.

2025年1月，巴西的國家數據保護局完全禁止了世界，理由是對數據收集的不可逆轉性以及世界在經濟上影響弱勢群體的潛力，並承諾對他們的數據產生加密貨幣的承諾。

World is now rolling out its iris-scanning orbs for collecting user data and distributing crypto tokens in the United States.

現在，World正在推出其虹膜掃描球體，用於收集用戶數據並在美國分發加密代幣。

The move comes amid a slew of legal and regulatory issues that the firm has faced in recent months.

此舉是在該公司最近幾個月面臨的許多法律和監管問題的原因。

Earlier this year, a group of privacy activists sued the crypto project in California to try to block it from launching in the U.S.

今年早些時候，一群隱私活動家起訴加利福尼亞州的加密項目，試圖阻止其在美國推出