引入世界的第一個核電池，比硬幣小，持續了100年

在可能永遠改變能源儲能的未來的飛躍中，中國推出了一個小於硬幣的核電池，該核電池比幾十年沒有一次充電了。

China has unveiled a nuclear battery smaller than a coin and capable of operating for 50 to 100 years without a single recharge, a breakthrough that could revolutionize the future of energy storage.

中國公佈了一個小於硬幣的核電電池，並且能夠在沒有一次充電的情況下運行50到100年，這一突破可能會徹底改變儲能的未來。

This tiny powerhouse, developed by Beijing-based firm Betavolt, and a second, more ambitious project led by Northwest Normal University, promise a new era where power doesn’t just last for days or months — but for half a century.

這個由北京公司Betavolt開發的小型強國，以及由西北師範大學領導的第二個，更雄心勃勃的項目，保證了一個新時代，該時代的力量不僅持續了幾天或幾個月，而且要持續半個世紀。

In an age defined by rapidly draining smartphone batteries and the constant search for a usable solar panel angle, the prospect of devices that outlive their power sources seems almost unbelievable. Yet, this is the domain of nuclear batteries, which are slowly emerging from the realm of science fiction.

在一個迅速排幹智能手機電池和不斷尋找可用的太陽能電池板角度定義的時代，設備的前景幾乎令人難以置信。然而，這是核電池的領域，核電池正在慢慢地從科幻小說中浮出水面。

Unlike the lithium-ion cells that have powered our devices for the last two decades, nuclear batteries, powered by radioactive isotopes, offer unmatched longevity and are immune to charge cycles, temperature sensitivity, and the need for replacement.

與過去二十年為我們的設備供電的鋰離子電池不同，由放射性同位素提供動力的核電池提供了無與倫比的壽命，並且可以免疫電荷循環，溫度敏感性和更換的需求。

This technology, which has been theorized since the 1950s, is now being realized in new prototypes unveiled in China, pushing the boundaries of energy to new frontiers.

自1950年代以來，這項已經經過理論化的技術現已在中國推出的新原型中實現，將能源的界限推向了新的邊界。

Here’s a closer look at how these batteries work, what makes them safe, and why this innovation is far more disruptive than its size suggests.

以下是這些電池如何工作，使它們安全的是什麼，以及為什麼這項創新遠比其尺寸所建議的更具破壞性的原因。

What Is a Nuclear Battery?

什麼是核電池？

Also known as betavoltaic batteries, nuclear batteries generate electricity by converting energy from radioactive decay — specifically beta decay — into electrical current.

核電池也稱為Betavoltaic電池，通過將放射性衰減（特別是β衰減）轉化為電流來產生電力。

Unlike nuclear reactors, they don’t involve chain reactions, heat, or moving parts. Instead, they rely on isotopes like Nickel-63 or Carbon-14 that slowly release electrons over decades.

與核反應堆不同，它們不涉及鏈反應，熱量或運動部件。取而代之的是，它們依靠數十年來緩慢釋放電子的鎳63或碳14等同位素。

Those electrons are captured by semiconductor materials, creating a steady flow of current — tiny in wattage, but immense in lifespan.

這些電子被半導體材料捕獲，從而產生穩定的電流流動 - 瓦數很小，但壽命很大。

The technology has existed in theory since the 1950s, but China’s new prototypes are the first to shrink it to a size smaller than a button cell while using safe, modern materials.

自1950年代以來，從理論上講，該技術已經存在，但是中國的新原型是第一個在使用安全的現代材料的同時，將其縮小到比鈕扣池小的尺寸。

The BV100 by Betavolt: A 50-Year Power Source

BETAVOLT的BV100：50年的電源

The first breakthrough comes from Betavolt, which has recently unveiled the BV100, a prototype nuclear battery powered by Nickel-63. This isotope emits beta particles with very low energy, making it far safer than gamma or alpha-emitting sources used in larger radioactive systems.

第一個突破來自Betavolt，該BETAVOLT最近推出了BV100，這是由Nickel-63提供動力的原型核電池。該同位素發出的能量非常低的β顆粒比在較大的放射性系統中使用的伽馬或發射α發射源更安全。

Key specifications of the BV100:

BV100的關鍵規格：

The 100 μW output is ideal for low-power systems that need constant, reliable energy — remote sensors, drones, pacemakers, space probes, and more.

100μW輸出非常適合需要恆定，可靠的能量的低功率系統 - 遙感者，無人機，起搏器，空間探針等。

For instance, a sensor network deployed in a national park could monitor wildlife, temperature, and pollution autonomously for decades, providing valuable ecological data.

例如，部署在國家公園中的傳感器網絡可以自動監測野生動植物，溫度和污染數十年，從而提供寶貴的生態數據。

The BV100 is still in the prototype stage, but Betavolt plans to begin mass production of a 1-milliwatt version of the battery soon. This smaller model, about the size of a coin, will be suitable for microelectronic devices like watches, sensors, and possibly wearable health monitors.

BV100仍處於原型階段，但Betavolt計劃很快就開始大量生產電池的1毫米版本。這種較小的型號（大約是硬幣的大小）適用於手錶，傳感器以及可能可穿戴的健康監控器等微電子設備。

Carbon-14 Nuclear Battery: The 100-Year Concept

碳-14核電站：100年的概念

While Betavolt’s design is already in prototype form, scientists at Northwest Normal University in Gansu are working on something even more astonishing — a Carbon-14-based nuclear battery designed to last 100 years.

儘管Betavolt的設計已經處於原型形式，但Gansu西北師範大學的科學家正在研究更令人驚訝的事情 - 一種基於碳14的核電池，旨在持續100年。

Carbon-14 emits low-energy beta particles and has a half-life of over 5,000 years. The university’s researchers plan to embed it into artificial diamond structures, creating a battery that could last for a century with zero maintenance.

碳14發射低能β顆粒，半衰期超過5，000年。該大學的研究人員計劃將其嵌入人造鑽石結構中，從而創建一個可以持續一個世紀以零維護的電池。

The battery is still in the lab, but early models show incredible potential for:

電池仍在實驗室中，但早期型號顯示出令人難以置信的潛力：

Safety First: Why Nuclear Doesn’t Mean Dangerous

安全首先：為什麼核合併不意味著危險

The idea of carrying a “nuclear battery” might sound alarming, but these devices are incredibly safe.

攜帶“核電池”的想法聽起來很令人震驚，但是這些設備非常安全。

In fact, these batteries could be safer than lithium-ion, which can catch fire or degrade chemically under stress.

實際上，這些電池可能比鋰離子更安全，鋰離子可以在壓力下化學捕獲火或降解。

Why the World Needs Ultra-Long-Life Batteries

為什麼世界需要超長壽命的電池

While nuclear batteries won’t be replacing your laptop battery anytime soon, they offer unmatched value in mission-critical environments where replacing or recharging is impossible or dangerous.

雖然核電池不會很快替換您的筆記本電腦電池，但它們在關鍵的任務環境中提供了無與倫比的價值，在這些環境中，更換或充電是不可能或危險的。

Key use cases include:

關鍵用例包括：

1. Medical Devices

1。醫療設備

Pacemakers and implants currently rely on lithium batteries that need surgical replacement every 5–10 years. A 50–100 year battery would eliminate the need for repeat surgeries and lower healthcare costs drastically.

起搏器和植入物目前依靠每5至10年需要手術更換的鋰電池。 50 - 100年的電池將消除對重複手術的需求，並大幅降低醫療保健費用。

2. Space Exploration

2。空間探索

Probes like Voyager or the Mars Rovers need constant, long-term energy in environments where solar isn’t viable. Nuclear batteries offer decade-spanning, uninterrupted power.

在太陽能不可行的環境中，諸如Voyager或Mars Rovers之類的探針需要恆定的長期能量。核電池可提供十年散佈，不間斷的功率。

3. Defense & Surveillance

3。防禦與監視

In remote or hostile areas, sensors, drones, and trackers powered by nuclear batteries could operate autonomously for decades, offering strategic military advantages.

在偏遠或敵對的地區，傳感器，無人機和由核電池提供動力的跟踪器可以自主運行數十年，從而提供戰略性的軍事優勢。

4. IoT Devices

4。物聯網設備

In smart cities and industrial automation, where devices are deployed in hard-to-reach locations, this tech offers reliability and longevity with no need for battery swaps or

在智能城市和工業自動化中，設備被部署在難以到達的位置中，該技術提供了可靠性和壽命，而無需電池交換或