参议院法案可能对美国制裁开放加密货币，但业界试图阻止它

业界表示，最近一项支出法案中的一个令人惊讶的部分可能会通过制裁威胁来打击加密货币，但参议院的一个重要办公室现在正在与数字资产行业内部人士会面。

A recent piece of legislation that passed through the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence's funding package included a surprise section that could subject the crypto industry to sanctions threats. However, a key Senate office is now meeting with digital assets sector insiders to discuss the matter further.

最近通过参议院情报特别委员会资助计划的一项立法包括一个令人惊讶的部分，该部分可能会使加密行业面临制裁威胁。然而，参议院的一个重要办公室现在正在与数字资产行业内部人士会面，进一步讨论此事。

The legislation in question is meant to fund U.S. intelligence operations. It includes a section that was borrowed from an earlier bill aimed at preventing cryptocurrency from being used to support terrorism.

该立法旨在资助美国情报行动。它包括从早期法案借用的一个部分，旨在防止加密货币被用来支持恐怖主义。

As written, this provision could require a massive shift in the crypto industry toward identifying users' identities to prevent sanctions that could cripple digital assets businesses. If passed into law, it would mark the most significant U.S. crypto policy to date, all without any substantial debate about its merits.

正如所写，该条款可能需要加密行业进行大规模转变，转向识别用户身份，以防止可能削弱数字资产业务的制裁。如果通过成为法律，它将标志着美国迄今为止最重要的加密货币政策，而且对其优点没有任何实质性争论。

This section of the intelligence funding effort would hız up and automate the process to sanction "foreign digital asset transaction facilitators" – including crypto exchanges – that are linked to users who support terrorism groups.

情报资助工作的这一部分将加快并自动化制裁与支持恐怖主义组织的用户相关的“外国数字资产交易服务商”（包括加密货币交易所）的流程。

Although the Intelligence Authorization Act cleared the committee in a unanimous 17-0 vote, its crypto section wasn't mentioned publicly nor listed among the major provisions of the bill when Sen. Mark Warner (D-Va.), the committee's chairman, announced the passage in a press release.

尽管《情报授权法案》以 17 比 0 的一致投票通过了委员会，但当委员会主席、弗吉尼亚州民主党参议员马克·华纳 (Mark Warner) 宣布该法案时，其加密货币部分并未被公开提及，也没有被列为该法案的主要条款。新闻稿中的段落。

Now, Warner's office has been setting up meetings with people in the crypto sector to talk about that section, according to three people familiar with the discussions. The Digital Chamber, an industry lobbying group, confirmed that it's among those in the talks.

据三名知情人士透露，现在，华纳的办公室已经安排与加密货币领域的人士举行会议，讨论该部分。行业游说团体数字商会 (Digital Chamber) 证实，它也参与了谈判。

This dialogue suggests the matter is still in play as the spending package advances toward wider Senate consideration, potentially within the must-pass National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA).

这次对话表明，随着支出方案向参议院更广泛的审议迈进，此事仍在发挥作用，可能会在必须通过的国防授权法案（NDAA）范围内进行。

"We’ve chatted with Warner staff on this, and they’re open to broader engagement here from industry," said Cody Carbone, chief police officer for the Digital Chamber, in an email to CoinDesk. "I think it likely does get zapped out of the NDAA process given the immediate pushback from the industry."

Digital Chamber 首席警官 Cody Carbone 在给 CoinDesk 的电子邮件中表示：“我们已经与华纳员工就此进行了交谈，他们愿意接受业界更广泛的参与。” “我认为，鉴于业界的立即抵制，它可能确实会被排除在 NDAA 流程之外。”

The House of Representatives may also be unlikely to embrace this kind of provision that puts the industry in a strict U.S. box soon after the House approved wider crypto market-structure legislation meant to regulate the industry without stifling it.

在众议院批准旨在监管该行业而不是扼杀该行业的更广泛的加密货币市场结构立法后不久，众议院也可能不太可能接受这种将该行业置于美国严格监管范围内的条款。

That passage last month of the Financial Innovation and Technology for the 21st Century Act (FIT21) saw a third of House Democrats jump on board, suggesting that crypto regulation could have wide bipartisan support across Congress. That showing reinforced another recent industry success in the Senate, in which 11 Democrats voted with Republicans to erase the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) accounting policy, despite a promised (and fulfilled) veto from President Joe Biden.

上个月通过的《21 世纪金融创新和技术法案》(FIT21) 获得了三分之一的众议院民主党人的支持，这表明加密货币监管可能会得到国会两党的广泛支持。这一表现强化了参议院最近的另一项行业成功，其中 11 名民主党人与共和党人一起投票取消了证券交易委员会 (SEC) 的会计政策，尽管乔·拜登总统承诺（并履行了）否决权。

With so many senators sympathetic to the industry, passage may be difficult to win for illicit-finance legislation that didn't come through an open debate and amendment process. The original bill was backed by Sens. Warner, Jack Reed (D-R.I.), Mike Rounds (R-S.D.) and Mitt Romney (R-Utah).

由于有如此多的参议员同情该行业，未经公开辩论和修改程序的非法金融立法可能很难获得通过。最初的法案得到了参议员华纳、杰克·里德（DR.I.）、迈克·朗兹（Mike Rounds）（RS.D.）和米特·罗姆尼（Mitt Romney）（犹他州共和党）的支持。

Overly broad?

过于宽泛？

Industry insiders contend that the language in the spending bill may implicate a broader-than-intended array of crypto interests, which could include central banks that issue central bank digital currencies (CBDCs) and software developers. They also say that other lawmakers seem to have been unaware of its existence.

业内人士认为，支出法案中的措辞可能涉及比预期更广泛的加密货币利益，其中可能包括发行央行数字货币（CBDC）的央行和软件开发商。他们还表示，其他立法者似乎并不知道它的存在。

It could also raise concerns among users of the market-leading Tether stablecoin (USDT), which has been under U.S. scrutiny for the use of its tokens by bad actors.

它还可能引起市场领先的 Tether 稳定币（USDT）用户的担忧，该稳定币因不良行为者使用其代币而受到美国的审查。

Warner's office didn't respond to a request for comment on the crypto provision, nor did the office of Sen. Mark Rubio (R-Fla.), who is vice chairman of the intelligence committee.

华纳办公室和情报委员会副主席参议员马克·卢比奥（佛罗里达州共和党人）的办公室都没有回应对加密货币条款发表评论的请求。

The Washington-focused representatives of the sector's lobbying groups have sought to make it clear to policymakers that they're open to discussion on legislation to prevent illicit use of cryptocurrency, as this provision aims to accomplish.

该行业游说团体的华盛顿代表试图向政策制定者明确表示，他们愿意就防止非法使用加密货币的立法进行讨论，正如该条款旨在实现的目标。

Such bills have also been broadly recognized as necessary to get Senate Democrats on board with other crypto initiatives to regulate the structure of the markets and the issuance of stablecoins.

此类法案也被广泛认为是让参议院民主党人参与其他加密货币举措以监管市场结构和稳定币发行所必需的。

"Overall, we’re aligned with the goal of the legislation to cut off funding for foreign terrorist organizations, and I appreciate that it limits coverage to those groups that have 'knowingly' facilitated funds to bad actors," said Carbone, adding that the legislation isn't entirely bad or good.

卡博恩表示：“总的来说，我们与立法的目标是一致的，即切断对外国恐怖组织的资助，我很欣赏它将覆盖范围限制在那些‘故意’为不良行为者提供资金的组织。”立法并不完全是坏事或好事。

But the guidelines for identifying violators and the lack of a proportional – perhaps tiered – sanctions system could be problematic, he said, and it puts too much authority in the hands of the U.S. Treasury Secretary.

但他表示，识别违规者的指导方针以及缺乏比例（或许是分级）制裁制度可能会出现问题，而且这让美国财政部长掌握了过多的权力。

The crypto industry is also keen to avoid a repeat of its painful legislative surprise in an infrastructure bill in 2021, which included an 11th-hour provision that directed crypto taxation. Getting blindsided by that bill amplified the industry's interest in funding a bigger Washington lobbying presence that's now weighing in on this intelligence bill.

加密行业还渴望避免重蹈 2021 年基础设施法案中令人痛苦的立法意外的覆辙，其中包括一项针对加密货币征税的 11 小时条款。对该法案的措手不及，增强了该行业对资助更大的华盛顿游说存在的兴趣，该游说现在正在影响这项情报法案。

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