混合工作的终结和超级通勤的兴起

尽管有大量证据证明混合工作对员工和雇主都有利，而且以混合身份工作的员工与全职在办公室工作的员工一样高效，但混合工作的太平日子似乎很快就会到来。成为过去。

Despite evidence suggesting hybrid work benefits both employees and employers, with employees working in a hybrid capacity being just as productive as those working in-office full time, it seems the halcyon days of hybrid work could soon be over.

尽管有证据表明混合工作对员工和雇主都有好处，而且以混合身份工作的员工与全职在办公室工作的员工一样高效，但混合工作的太平日子似乎很快就会结束。

And the opportunities remote work afforded during the pandemic years—no commuting, more time to juggle childcare and caregiving responsibilities and the freedom to move out of expensive big cities—are diminishing at a rapid rate.

在大流行期间提供的远程工作机会——无需通勤、有更多时间兼顾育儿和看护责任以及搬出昂贵的大城市的自由——正在迅速减少。

From Dell’s decree that workers who choose to work remotely will not be eligible for promotions going forward, to Amazon rowing back its remote working policy with a strict RTO (return to office) mandate, more workers are being pushed back to the office five days per week.

从戴尔规定选择远程工作的员工将没有资格获得晋升，到亚马逊通过严格的 RTO（返回办公室）强制要求取消其远程工作政策，更多的员工每五天就被推迟到办公室星期。

In fact, a recent study conducted by Stanford has found that post-pandemic there has been a surge in long-distance commuting, with the amount of people traveling 75 miles or more per day rising by 32 percent.

事实上，斯坦福大学最近进行的一项研究发现，疫情后长途通勤激增，每天出行 75 英里或以上的人数增加了 32%。

Super commuting isn’t a new phenomenon—the United States Census Bureau has found that extreme commuting has been on the rise since 1990.

超级通勤并不是一个新现象——美国人口普查局发现，自 1990 年以来，极端通勤一直呈上升趋势。

However, this study looked at the top 10 urban commuting routes in the U.S. and compared the last four months pre-pandemic (November 2019 – February 2020) to the same four months post-pandemic (November 2023 – February 2024).

然而，这项研究着眼于美国十大城市通勤路线，并将大流行前的最后四个月（2019年11月至2020年2月）与大流行后的四个月（2023年11月至2024年2月）进行了比较。

The study found that this increased figure of super commuters are typically spending over two hours driving to their destination and over two hours driving home again.

研究发现，越来越多的超级通勤者通常会花两个多小时开车前往目的地，然后再开车两个多小时回家。

This means the average super commuter spends five hours of their day commuting from home to the office, and commuters start the return leg of their journeys from 3pm up until 10pm, with 5pm to 6pm being the busiest hours.

这意味着超级通勤者平均每天要花 5 个小时从家通勤到办公室，而通勤者从下午 3 点到晚上 10 点开始返程，其中下午 5 点到下午 6 点是最繁忙的时间。

The study also established that Washington D.C. had the largest increase in super commuters at 100%, with New York coming in second with 89% of commuters falling into the super commuter category.

该研究还确定，华盛顿特区的超级通勤者增幅最大，达到 100%，纽约排名第二，89% 的通勤者属于超级通勤者类别。

In Phoenix this figure was 57%, in LA, this figure was 20 percent, in Dallas it was 29 percent, and Philadelphia saw a 28 percent increase.

在凤凰城，这一数字为 57%，在洛杉矶，这一数字为 20%，在达拉斯，这一数字为 29%，在费城，这一数字增加了 28%。

However, Chicago was the one outlier in the study as it has experienced a four percent reduction in super commuters.

然而，芝加哥是这项研究中的一个异常值，因为它的超级通勤者减少了 4%。

While spending more money on gas and wasting hours of your life sitting in traffic are the two most obvious downsides to super commuting, it’s arguably achievable if you only have to do it two or three days per week instead of five.

虽然花更多的钱在汽油上和在交通上浪费时间是超级通勤的两个最明显的缺点，但如果你每周只需要花两到三天而不是五天，那么它可以说是可以实现的。

Similarly, juggling school drop offs and collections isn’t feasible if you’re leaving the house at 6am to get to the office on time.

同样，如果您要在早上 6 点出门准时到达办公室，那么兼顾接送学校和收集行李也是不可行的。

The other side of the coin is that forcing workers who have vast distances to travel back to the office full time is likely to lead to increased attrition rates, and not facilitating remote workers could result in companies losing out on the best talent because of location limitations.

硬币的另一面是，迫使距离很远的员工全职返回办公室可能会导致员工流失率增加，而不为远程员工提供便利可能会导致公司因位置限制而失去最优秀的人才。

Just look at Starbucks’ new CEO, Brian Niccol as the perfect—albeit extreme—example of this.

只要看看星巴克的新任首席执行官布莱恩·尼科尔（Brian Niccol），他就是一个完美的（尽管是极端的）例子。

Prior to accepting his new role, Niccol secured special permission to live at his current home in Newport Beach and commute 995 miles to Starbucks’ headquarters in Seattle (using the company’s jet), in line with the company’s three-day return to office policy.

在接受新职位之前，Niccol 获得了特别许可，可以住在他目前位于纽波特海滩的家中，并根据公司三天返回办公室的政策，乘坐 995 英里通勤到星巴克位于西雅图的总部（使用公司的喷气式飞机）。

“You need to figure out where you need to be to get your job done, then do that. We’re all adults here,” he said. “This is not a game of tracking. This is a game of winning. I care about seeing everybody succeed, and if success requires us being together more often than not, let’s be together more often.”

“你需要弄清楚你需要在哪里完成你的工作，然后去做。我们这里都是成年人，”他说。 “这不是一场追踪游戏。这是一场必胜的游戏。我关心看到每个人都成功，如果成功需要我们经常在一起，那就让我们更经常地在一起。”