比特币披萨日快乐

Laszlo Hanyecz 因花 10,000 比特币买两个披萨而闻名。但他对比特币开发的参与比食品购买要深入得多。

Laszlo Hanyecz is famous for spending 10,000 bitcoin on two pizzas. But his involvement with Bitcoin development goes much deeper than food purchases.

Laszlo Hanyecz 因花 10,000 比特币买两个披萨而闻名。但他对比特币开发的参与比食品购买要深入得多。

10 Years of Decentralizing the Future

去中心化未来十年

On May 22, 2010, Florida-resident Laszlo Hanyecz paid 10,000 bitcoin (BTC) for two Papa Johns pizzas in what is largely considered to be the first purchase ever made with the then experiential digital currency. The value of those coins would be worth just under $700 million today.

2010 年 5 月 22 日，佛罗里达州居民 Laszlo Hanyecz 支付 10,000 比特币 (BTC) 购买了两份棒约翰披萨，这在很大程度上被认为是有史以来第一次使用当时的体验式数字货币进行的购买。如今，这些代币的价值将接近 7 亿美元。

Note: The views expressed in this column are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of CoinDesk, Inc. or its owners and affiliates. This is an excerpt from The Node newsletter, a daily roundup of the most pivotal crypto news on CoinDesk and beyond. You can subscribe to get the full newsletter here.

注：本专栏中表达的观点仅代表作者的观点，并不一定反映 CoinDesk, Inc. 或其所有者和关联公司的观点。这是 Node 时事通讯的摘录，该时事通讯是 CoinDesk 及其他领域最关键的加密货币新闻的每日综述。您可以在此处订阅以获取完整的新闻通讯。

The story is well known, a part of “Bitcoin history” and celebrated across the world every year. What is less known is Hanyecz’s other contributions to Bitcoin. According to Bitcoin historian (and former CoinDesk editor) Pete Rizzo, who published a detailed thread about Hanyecz on Wednesday, the first man to ever spend bitcoins in a commercial transaction was also something of a confidant to Satoshi Nakamoto.

这个故事众所周知，是“比特币历史”的一部分，每年都会在世界各地庆祝。鲜为人知的是 Hanyecz 对比特币的其他贡献。比特币历史学家（CoinDesk 前编辑）皮特·里佐（Pete Rizzo）周三发表了一篇关于 Hanyecz 的详细帖子，他表示，第一个在商业交易中使用比特币的人也是中本聪的密友。

See also: Bitcoin Pizza Day: Celebrating the Pizzas Bought for 10000 BTC

另请参阅：比特币披萨日：庆祝以 10000 BTC 购买的披萨

This year’s Pizza Day might also be viewed in a new context following the release of 120 pages worth of Satoshi’s emailed correspondence with early Bitcoin developer Martti Malmi (a.k.a. “Sirius”), which raises the question of how much of a coincidence it was that the first purchase using bitcoin was for pizza. Malmi wrote the first FAQ for the Bitcoin.com website, apparently quoting Satoshi’s responses to earlier inquiries. He wrote:

在中本聪与早期比特币开发者 Martti Malmi（又名“Sirius”）的 120 页电子邮件通信被发布后，今年的披萨日也可能会被放在一个新的背景下看待，这引发了一个问题：披萨日到底有多少巧合？第一次使用比特币购买披萨。 Malmi 为 Bitcoin.com 网站撰写了第一个常见问题解答，显然引用了中本聪对早期询问的回应。他写了：

“Bitcoin is valued for the things it can be exchanged to, just like all the traditional paper currencies are.

“比特币的价值在于它可以兑换的东西，就像所有传统的纸币一样。

“When the first user publicly announces that he will make a pizza for anyone who gives him a hundred bitcoins, then he can use bitcoins as payment to some extent – as much as people want pizza and trust his announcement. A pizza-eating hairdresser who trusts him as a friend might then announce that she starts accepting bitcoins as payment for fancy haircuts, and the value of the bitcoin would be higher – now you could buy pizzas and haircuts with them. When bitcoins have become accepted widely enough, he could retire from his pizza business and still be able to use his bitcoin-savings.”

“当第一个用户公开宣布他将为任何给他一百个比特币的人做一个披萨时，那么他就可以在某种程度上使用比特币作为支付——就像人们想要披萨并信任他的声明一样。一位信任他为朋友的吃披萨的理发师可能会宣布她开始接受比特币作为精美发型的支付方式，而比特币的价值会更高——现在你可以用它们购买披萨和理发。当比特币被广泛接受时，他可以从披萨生意中退休，但仍然可以使用他的比特币储蓄。”

Without reading too much into it, it is interesting that the first bitcoin transaction for a real world object (rather than peer-to-peer exchanges for fiat) was pizza, given Satoshi’s analogy.

无需过多解读，有趣的是，根据中本聪的类比，现实世界中第一个比特币交易（而不是点对点法币交易）是披萨。

But, as Rizzo notes, Hanyecz has contributed far more to Bitcoin than simply proving it could be used in actual purchases. He also was the first to translate Satoshi’s code for Apple’s operating system, allowing a greater number of people to run the actual Bitcoin software. And he was a frequent commentator on the BitcoinTalk forum, where he’d answer questions about the software and how it was designed.

但是，正如 Rizzo 指出的那样，Hanyecz 对比特币的贡献远不止证明它可以用于实际购买。他也是第一个将中本聪的代码翻译成苹果操作系统的人，让更多的人能够运行真正的比特币软件。他经常在 BitcoinTalk 论坛上发表评论，回答有关该软件及其设计方式的问题。

However, Hanyecz and Satoshi didn’t agree on everything. Hanyecz is also thought to be the first person to start mining bitcoin using chips specially designed to run complex computer programs called graphics processing units (GPUs), giving him a leg up against others who were running the Bitcoin source code on everyday computers.

然而，Hanyecz 和 Satoshi 并非在所有事情上都达成一致。 Hanyecz 也被认为是第一个开始使用专门设计用于运行称为图形处理单元（GPU）的复杂计算机程序的芯片来挖掘比特币的人，这使他比其他在日常计算机上运行比特币源代码的人更有优势。

This kicked off what Satoshi called a mining “arms race” that is ongoing today (nowadays, bitcoin miners rely on factories full of application-specific integrated circuits designed specifically for proof-of-work mining). Satoshi was concerned that, because the user base was so low at the time, people would be disincentivized from joining the distributed network if they had to put up cold hard cash to buy specialized equipment.

这引发了中本聪所说的一场持续至今的挖矿“军备竞赛”（如今，比特币矿工依赖于充满专门为工作量证明挖矿而设计的专用集成电路的工厂）。中本聪担心，由于当时的用户基数很低，如果人们不得不拿出现金来购买专用设备，他们就会不愿意加入分布式网络。

See also: What Is Bitcoin Pizza Day?

另请参阅：什么是比特币披萨日？

“GPUs would prematurely limit the incentive to only those with high end GPU hardware,” Satoshi wrote. “I don’t mean to sound like a socialist, I don’t care if wealth is concentrated, but for now, we get more growth by giving that money to 100% of the people than giving it to 20%.”

中本聪写道：“GPU 会过早地将激励限制在那些拥有高端 GPU 硬件的人身上。” “我不想听起来像个社会主义者，我不在乎财富是否集中，但就目前而言，我们通过将钱提供给 100% 的人来获得比提供给 20% 的人更多的增长。”

It’s possible that Hanyecz’s post asking for someone to buy his family dinner was in response to this conversation with Satoshi, and a way for Hanyecz to redistribute his accumulated stash of bitcoins via the free market. In his initial ask on May 18, 2010, which went unanswered for three days, Hanyecz offered 10,000 BTC for two pizzas (no anchovies!).

Hanyecz 请求有人请他的家庭晚餐的帖子可能是对与中本聪的这次对话的回应，也是 Hanyecz 通过自由市场重新分配他积累的比特币的一种方式。 Hanyecz 于 2010 年 5 月 18 日首次提出请求，三天后无人回复，他愿意出价 10,000 BTC 买两个披萨（没有凤尾鱼！）。

A few days later, on May 21, Hanyecz revisited the post to ask about potentially raising the price. Eventually, 19-year-old Jeremy "Jercos" Sturdivant responded and offered

几天后，即 5 月 21 日，Hanyecz 再次访问该帖子，询问是否有可能提高价格。最终，19 岁的 Jeremy“Jercos”Sturdivant 作出回应并提出