比特币区块大小战争：两本书的故事

在最近的一篇博客文章中，以太坊联合创始人 Vitalik Buterin 对比特币最具争议的历史辩论之一进行了深入分析。

Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin has shared his thoughts on one of Bitcoin's most contentious historical debates in a recent blog post. Buterin's reflections are based on his readings of two prominent books on the subject: Jonathan Bier's "The Blocksize War," which offers a pro-small-block perspective, and Roger Ver and Steve Patterson's "Hijacking Bitcoin," which advocates for the big-block viewpoint.

以太坊联合创始人 Vitalik Buterin 在最近的一篇博客文章中分享了他对比特币最具争议的历史辩论之一的看法。 Buterin 的反思基于他对有关该主题的两本著名书籍的阅读：乔纳森·比尔 (Jonathan Bier) 的《区块大小之战》(The Blocksize War)，该书提供了支持小区块的观点，以及罗杰·维尔 (Roger Ver) 和史蒂夫·帕特森 (Steve Patterson) 的《劫持比特币》(Hijacking Bitcoin)，该书提倡大区块。块观点。

The Bitcoin block size war of the 2010s was a fundamental dispute over the direction and nature of Bitcoin’s scalability and utility. At the heart of the matter was whether Bitcoin should increase its block size limit from 1 MB to accommodate more transactions, thereby reducing fees, or maintain smaller blocks to ensure that running a node remains accessible to more users, preserving decentralization.

2010 年代的比特币区块大小之战是关于比特币可扩展性和实用性的方向和性质的根本性争议。问题的核心是，比特币是否应该将其区块大小限制从 1 MB 增加以容纳更多交易，从而降低费用，或者维持较小的区块以确保更多用户可以访问运行节点，从而保持去中心化。

Small blockers vs. big blockers

小阻滞剂与大阻滞剂

Jonathan Bier’s "The Blocksize War" largely emphasizes the small blockers' view. It argues that increasing the block size limit would make it prohibitively expensive and technically challenging for individuals to run nodes, leading to centralization. Small blockers also believed that changes to Bitcoin’s protocol, especially through hard forks, should be rare and achieve broad consensus among users.

乔纳森·比尔（Jonathan Bier）的“区块大小战争”在很大程度上强调了小区块者的观点。它认为，增加区块大小限制将使个人运行节点的成本过高且在技术上具有挑战性，从而导致中心化。小区块者还认为，对比特币协议的改变，特别是通过硬分叉，应该很少发生，并在用户之间达成广泛共识。

On the other hand, Roger Ver and Steve Patterson's "Hijacking Bitcoin" captures the big blockers' stance. They viewed Bitcoin as digital cash, not just digital gold, and believed that low transaction fees were essential for its use as a global payment system. To achieve this, big blockers supported increasing the block size to maintain low fees, arguing that Bitcoin’s original vision, as outlined in Satoshi Nakamoto's whitepaper, was being sidelined.

另一方面，罗杰·维尔（Roger Ver）和史蒂夫·帕特森（Steve Patterson）的《劫持比特币》抓住了大区块者的立场。他们将比特币视为数字现金，而不仅仅是数字黄金，并认为低交易费用对于其作为全球支付系统的使用至关重要。为了实现这一目标，大区块支持者支持增加区块大小以维持低费用，他们认为中本聪白皮书中概述的比特币最初愿景已被边缘化。

Buterin’s perspective

布特林的观点

Vitalik Buterin introduced the concept of a "one-sided competence trap," where one side of a debate monopolizes technical competence, using it to push a narrow agenda. Meanwhile, the opposition, though correct on the fundamental issue, fails to develop the necessary competence to execute their vision effectively.

Vitalik Buterin 提出了“单方面能力陷阱”的概念，即辩论的一方垄断技术能力，利用它来推动狭隘的议程。与此同时，反对派虽然在基本问题上是正确的，但未能发展有效执行其愿景所需的能力。

Buterin argues that this dynamic was evident in the block size war, with small blockers maintaining technical control while big blockers struggled to implement their ideas effectively. According to Buterin, the ultimate solution to such political and technical stalemates lies in new technologies that can satisfy both sides.

Buterin 认为，这种动态在区块大小之战中很明显，小区块者保持技术控制，而大区块者则努力有效地实施他们的想法。 Buterin 认为，解决这种政治和技术僵局的最终办法在于能够让双方都满意的新技术。

He pointed to Ethereum’s embrace of technologies like ZK-SNARKs and BLS aggregation as examples of how innovative solutions can enhance scalability and decentralization simultaneously. Buterin expressed hope that Bitcoin would adopt a more tech-forward approach, and that the development of new layer-2 solutions like Inscriptions and BitVM could pave the way for a more scalable and decentralized Bitcoin ecosystem.

他指出以太坊采用 ZK-SNARK 和 BLS 聚合等技术作为创新解决方案如何同时增强可扩展性和去中心化的例子。 Buterin 表示希望比特币能够采用更加技术先进的方法，并且像 Inscriptions 和 BitVM 这样的新的第 2 层解决方案的开发可以为更具可扩展性和去中心化的比特币生态系统铺平道路。