Vitalik Buterin希望以太坊將在未來五年內與比特幣的簡單性相匹配

為了使以太坊更加高效，更易於管理，Vitalik提出了一種新的建築方法以及整個生態系統的標準。

In his May 3 blog post "Simplifying the L1," Buterin detailed a strategy to restructure Ethereum, concentrating on its consensus mechanism, execution layer, and shared modules.

Buterin在5月3日的博客文章“簡化L1”中詳細介紹了重組以太坊，專注於其共識機制，執行層和共享模塊的策略。

"This post will describe how Ethereum 5 years from now can become close to as simple as Bitcoin," Buterin wrote, highlighting that simplicity plays a key role in Ethereum's long-term scalability and robustness.

布丁林寫道：“這篇文章將描述以太坊從現在開始如何變得像比特幣一樣簡單。”他強調，簡單性在以太坊的長期可擴展性和魯棒性中起著關鍵作用。

While Ethereum's transition to proof-of-stake (PoS) and the integration of zk-SNARKs have enhanced its robustness, Buterin highlighted that these technical complexities have also caused prolonged development cycles, elevated expenses, and an increased risk of bugs.

儘管以太坊過渡到銷售證明（POS）以及ZK-SNARKS的整合增強了其穩健性，但Buterin強調，這些技術複雜性也導致了長期的開發週期，增加的費用和增加的蟲子風險。

"Historically, Ethereum has often not done this (sometimes because of my own decisions), and this has contributed to much of our excessive development expenditure, all kinds of security risk, and insularity of R&D culture, often in pursuit of benefits that have proven illusory."

“從歷史上看，以太坊經常沒有這樣做（有時是由於我自己的決定），這為我們的大部分發展開發支出，各種安全風險和研發文化的孤立性做出了貢獻，通常是為了追求證明虛幻的利益。”

The "3-slot finality" model, which eliminates components like epochs, sync committees, and validator shuffling, plays a pivotal role in Ethereum's ongoing efforts to streamline its consensus layer.

“ 3個插槽最終”模型消除了時代，同步委員會和驗證者改組等組成部分，在以太坊持續的努力中扮演著關鍵的角色，以簡化其共識層。

"The reduced number of active validators at a time means that it becomes safer to use simpler implementations of the fork choice rule," Buterin wrote.

Buterin寫道：“一次有效驗證器數量減少意味著使用叉選擇規則的更簡單的實現變得更加安全。”

To further enhance Ethereum, Buterin proposed adopting clearer fork choice rules and utilizing STARK-based aggregation protocols to improve decentralization and simplify the process of network coordination.

為了進一步增強以太坊，Buterin提出了採用更清晰的叉選擇規則，並利用基於Stark的聚合協議來改善權力下放和簡化網絡協調過程。

In his proposal for the execution layer, Buterin recommended replacing the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) with a more streamlined, ZK-friendly virtual machine such as RISC-V.

Buterin在對執行層的提案中建議用更簡化，更適合ZK友好的虛擬機（例如RISC-V）代替以太坊虛擬機（EVM）。

Adopting this approach could result in a 100x performance gain for zero-knowledge proofs and a significant reduction in the complexity of the protocol.

採用這種方法可能會導致零知識證明的100倍性能增長，並顯著降低協議的複雜性。

RISC-V is an open-source instruction set architecture used to develop custom processors for a variety of applications, from embedded designs to supercomputers.

RISC-V是一種開源指令集架構，用於開發從嵌入式設計到超級計算機的各種應用程序的自定義處理器。

Its minimalist design philosophy centers on using a concise set of simple instructions, ensuring both high efficiency and easier implementation.

它的極簡主義設計理念以使用一套簡潔的簡單說明為重點，可確保高效率和更容易實施。

Buterin's proposal includes running legacy EVM contracts on-chain through a RISC-V interpreter, allowing both virtual machines to function together during the transitional period to maintain backward compatibility.

Buterin的建議包括通過RISC-V解釋器運行遺產EVM合同在鏈上，允許兩台虛擬機在過渡期間一起運行以保持向後兼容。

In addition, Buterin proposed implementing protocol-wide standards.

此外，Buterin提出了實施整個協議範圍標準的建議。

To reduce unnecessary complexity, he proposed standardizing Ethereum's tooling and infrastructure with one erasure coding method, SSZ as the serialization format, and a consistent tree structure.

為了降低不必要的複雜性，他提出了用一種擦除編碼方法，SSZ作為序列化格式和一致的樹結構標準化以太坊的工具和基礎架構。

"Simplicity is in many ways similar to decentralization," Buterin concluded.

“在許多方面，簡單性與權力下放相似，”布特林總結道。

To ensure greater transparency and efficiency, Buterin recommended that Ethereum follow a "max line-of-code" strategy, inspired by Tinygrad, to keep consensus-related logic streamlined and auditable.

為了確保更高的透明度和效率，Buterin建議以太坊遵循受TinyGrad啟發的“最大編碼線”策略，以保持與共識相關的邏輯簡化和可審計。

Legacy features that aren't critical would continue to exist, but they would stay separate from the core specification.

不關鍵的遺產功能將繼續存在，但它們將與核心規範保持分離。

This proposed architectural change comes amid a period of significant price underperformance for Ethereum.

這一擬議的建築變化是在以太坊的出色表現不佳的一段時間內出現的。

Over the past 12 months, ETH has seen a 40% decrease in price, while Bitcoin enjoyed a 63% increase during the same period.

在過去的12個月中，ETH的價格下降了40％，而比特幣在同一時期增長了63％。

Buterin expects the full transition to take as long as five years, meaning any short-term effects on prices may remain minimal.

布特林預計，完全的過渡將需要長達五年的時間，這意味著對價格的任何短期影響可能仍然很小。