Vitalik Buterin希望以太坊将在未来五年内与比特币的简单性相匹配

为了使以太坊更加高效，更易于管理，Vitalik提出了一种新的建筑方法以及整个生态系统的标准。

In his May 3 blog post "Simplifying the L1," Buterin detailed a strategy to restructure Ethereum, concentrating on its consensus mechanism, execution layer, and shared modules.

Buterin在5月3日的博客文章“简化L1”中详细介绍了重组以太坊，专注于其共识机制，执行层和共享模块的策略。

"This post will describe how Ethereum 5 years from now can become close to as simple as Bitcoin," Buterin wrote, highlighting that simplicity plays a key role in Ethereum's long-term scalability and robustness.

布丁林写道：“这篇文章将描述以太坊从现在开始如何变得像比特币一样简单。”他强调，简单性在以太坊的长期可扩展性和鲁棒性中起着关键作用。

While Ethereum's transition to proof-of-stake (PoS) and the integration of zk-SNARKs have enhanced its robustness, Buterin highlighted that these technical complexities have also caused prolonged development cycles, elevated expenses, and an increased risk of bugs.

尽管以太坊过渡到销售证明（POS）以及ZK-SNARKS的整合增强了其稳健性，但Buterin强调，这些技术复杂性也导致了长期的开发周期，增加的费用和增加的虫子风险。

"Historically, Ethereum has often not done this (sometimes because of my own decisions), and this has contributed to much of our excessive development expenditure, all kinds of security risk, and insularity of R&D culture, often in pursuit of benefits that have proven illusory."

“从历史上看，以太坊经常没有这样做（有时是由于我自己的决定），这为我们的大部分发展开发支出，各种安全风险和研发文化的孤立性做出了贡献，通常是为了追求证明虚幻的利益。”

The "3-slot finality" model, which eliminates components like epochs, sync committees, and validator shuffling, plays a pivotal role in Ethereum's ongoing efforts to streamline its consensus layer.

“ 3个插槽最终”模型消除了时代，同步委员会和验证者改组等组成部分，在以太坊持续的努力中扮演着关键的角色，以简化其共识层。

"The reduced number of active validators at a time means that it becomes safer to use simpler implementations of the fork choice rule," Buterin wrote.

Buterin写道：“一次有效验证器数量减少意味着使用叉选择规则的更简单的实现变得更加安全。”

To further enhance Ethereum, Buterin proposed adopting clearer fork choice rules and utilizing STARK-based aggregation protocols to improve decentralization and simplify the process of network coordination.

为了进一步增强以太坊，Buterin提出了采用更清晰的叉选择规则，并利用基于Stark的聚合协议来改善权力下放和简化网络协调过程。

In his proposal for the execution layer, Buterin recommended replacing the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) with a more streamlined, ZK-friendly virtual machine such as RISC-V.

Buterin在对执行层的提案中建议用更简化，更适合ZK友好的虚拟机（例如RISC-V）代替以太坊虚拟机（EVM）。

Adopting this approach could result in a 100x performance gain for zero-knowledge proofs and a significant reduction in the complexity of the protocol.

采用这种方法可能会导致零知识证明的100倍性能增长，并显着降低协议的复杂性。

RISC-V is an open-source instruction set architecture used to develop custom processors for a variety of applications, from embedded designs to supercomputers.

RISC-V是一种开源指令集架构，用于开发从嵌入式设计到超级计算机的各种应用程序的自定义处理器。

Its minimalist design philosophy centers on using a concise set of simple instructions, ensuring both high efficiency and easier implementation.

它的极简主义设计理念以使用一套简洁的简单说明为重点，可确保高效率和更容易实施。

Buterin's proposal includes running legacy EVM contracts on-chain through a RISC-V interpreter, allowing both virtual machines to function together during the transitional period to maintain backward compatibility.

Buterin的建议包括通过RISC-V解释器运行遗产EVM合同在链上，允许两台虚拟机在过渡期间一起运行以保持向后兼容。

In addition, Buterin proposed implementing protocol-wide standards.

此外，Buterin提出了实施整个协议范围标准的建议。

To reduce unnecessary complexity, he proposed standardizing Ethereum's tooling and infrastructure with one erasure coding method, SSZ as the serialization format, and a consistent tree structure.

为了降低不必要的复杂性，他提出了用一种擦除编码方法，SSZ作为序列化格式和一致的树结构标准化以太坊的工具和基础架构。

"Simplicity is in many ways similar to decentralization," Buterin concluded.

“在许多方面，简单性与权力下放相似，”布特林总结道。

To ensure greater transparency and efficiency, Buterin recommended that Ethereum follow a "max line-of-code" strategy, inspired by Tinygrad, to keep consensus-related logic streamlined and auditable.

为了确保更高的透明度和效率，Buterin建议以太坊遵循受TinyGrad启发的“最大编码线”策略，以保持与共识相关的逻辑简化和可审计。

Legacy features that aren't critical would continue to exist, but they would stay separate from the core specification.

不关键的遗产功能将继续存在，但它们将与核心规范保持分离。

This proposed architectural change comes amid a period of significant price underperformance for Ethereum.

这一拟议的建筑变化是在以太坊的出色表现不佳的一段时间内出现的。

Over the past 12 months, ETH has seen a 40% decrease in price, while Bitcoin enjoyed a 63% increase during the same period.

在过去的12个月中，ETH的价格下降了40％，而比特币在同一时期增长了63％。

Buterin expects the full transition to take as long as five years, meaning any short-term effects on prices may remain minimal.

布特林预计，完全的过渡将需要长达五年的时间，这意味着对价格的任何短期影响可能仍然很小。