量子計算對加密構成真正的威脅

Quip Network的聯合創始人Colton Dillion表示，量子計算對加密貨幣構成了真正的威脅，並使緩慢移動的治理流程風險使區塊鏈易受傷害。

Cryptocurrency is set to face a serious threat from quantum computing, according to Colton Dillion, co-founder of Quip Network, which provides quantum-proof vaults for digital assets.

Quip Network的聯合創始人Colton Dillion表示，加密貨幣將面臨量子計算的嚴重威脅，該網絡為數字資產提供了量子庫。

Speaking at the IEEE Canada Blockchain Forum, part of Consensus 2025 in Toronto, Dillion said the technology, which uses the quantum states of subatomic particles to perform calculations instead of transistors and binary code, is still in its infancy. But companies including Google and Microsoft are pressing forward with research and development.

Dillion在多倫多共識2025年的IEEE加拿大區塊鏈論壇上說，該技術使用亞原子粒子的量子狀態執行計算而不是晶體管和二進制代碼，但仍處於起步階段。但是，包括Google和Microsoft在內的公司正在推進研究和開發。

The goal is a massive step-up in speed that makes tough calculations like cracking encryption, such as that used to protect blockchains, faster and simpler.

目標是速度的巨大升級，它使諸如破解加密之類的艱難計算，例如用於保護區塊鏈的速度更快，更簡單。

And when quantum computing becomes available, any attacker is unlikely to announce their presence immediately.

當量子計算可用時，任何攻擊者都不太可能立即宣布其存在。

“The threat won’t start with Satoshi’s keys getting stolen. The real quantum attack will look subtle, quiet, and gradual, like whales casually moving funds. By the time everyone realizes what’s happening, it’ll be too late,” he said.

他說：“威脅不會始於薩托西的鑰匙被盜。真正的量子攻擊看起來會微妙，安靜和逐漸逐漸變化，就像鯨魚隨隨便便地移動資金。到每個人都意識到發生了什麼事時，這將太晚了。”

Dillion's doomsday scenario involves a quantum-computing-powered double-spend attack. In theory, quantum computing could reduce the mining power required for a traditional 51% attack down to about 26%, Dillion said.

Dillion的世界末日場景涉及由量子計算的雙重攻擊。理論上，量子計算可以將傳統51％攻擊所需的採礦能力降低到約26％。

"So now you've compromised the 10,000 largest wallets. You rewind the chain, liquidate those 10,000 largest wallets, then double spend all the transactions, and now you've really got a nuclear bomb,” he said.

他說：“因此，現在您已經妥協了10,000個最大的錢包。您倒帶了鏈條，清算了10,000個最大的錢包，然後雙倍花費所有交易，現在您確實有一個核彈炸彈。”

The industry, of course, is working to find a solution.

當然，該行業正在努力找到解決方案。

Bitcoin developer Agustin Cruz, for instance, proposed QRAMP, a Bitcoin Improvement Proposal (BIP) that mandates a hard-fork migration to quantum-secure addresses. Quantum startup BTQ has proposed replacing the proof-of-work consensus system that underpins the original blockchain entirely with quantum-native consensus.

例如，比特幣開發人員Agustin Cruz提出了QRAMP，該QRAMP是一個比特幣改進建議（BIP），該提議將硬實遷移到量子安全地址。量子啟動BTQ已提出取代工作證明共識系統，該系統完全以量子本地共識為原始區塊鏈。

The problem is that the proposals must gain community approval. Blockchain governance, such as Bitcoin Improvement Proposals (BIPs) and their Ethereum equivalents, Ethereum Improvement Proposals (EIPs), tends to be rife with politics, making it a long, inherently cautious process.

問題是建議必須獲得社區認可。區塊鏈治理，例如比特幣改進建議（BIPS）及其以太坊等效物，以太坊改善建議（EIPS）往往充滿政治，使其成為一個漫長的，固有的謹慎過程。

For example, the Bitcoin community's recent resolution on the OP_RETURN function was years in the making, with months of developer debates about what's considered the "proper" use of the blockchain. Ethereum's upgrades, like the Merge, also faced lengthy debates and delays.

例如，比特幣社區最近在OP_RETURN功能上的決議是多年的，開發人員幾個月就辯論了被認為是區塊鏈的“正確”。像合併一樣，以太坊的升級也面臨著漫長的辯論和延誤。

But Dillion argues that the governance process leaves crypto dangerously exposed because quantum computing threats will evolve much faster than the protocols can respond.

但是Dillion認為，治理過程使加密貨幣危險地暴露出來，因為量子計算威脅的發展速度要比協議所能響應的要快得多。

“Everyone's trying to do this from the top down by starting with a BIP or an EIP and getting everyone's buy-in together. But we think that this is a very difficult, heavy lift,” he said.

他說：“每個人都試圖通過從肉雞或EIP開始並將每個人的買入一起從自上而下做到這一點。但是我們認為這是一個非常困難，沉重的提升。”

Quip Network's quantum-proof vaults aim to circumvent the political inertia by allowing immediate user-level adoption without requiring protocol upgrades. The vaults leverage hybrid cryptography, blending classical cryptographic standards with quantum-resistant techniques to provide blockchain-agnostic security.

Quip Network的防量子保管庫的目的是通過允許立即採用不需要協議升級的用戶級採用來規避政治慣性。拱頂利用混合密碼學，將古典加密標準與抗量子抗性技術相結合，以提供區塊鏈 - 靜態安全性。

Effectively, they allow the whales, holders of large amounts of a cryptocurrency, to secure their stashes while waiting for the machinations of blockchain governance to get it together. Crypto communities can't afford leisurely debates, he argues.

有效地，它們允許鯨魚，大量加密貨幣的持有人確保其藏匿處，同時等待區塊鏈治理的陰謀使其團結起來。他認為，加密社區負擔不起悠閒的辯論。

“The BIP and EIP processes are great for governance, but terrible for rapid threat response,” Dillion said. "When quantum hits, attackers won’t wait for community consensus.”

Dillion說：“ BIP和EIP過程非常適合治理，但對於快速威脅的反應而言，可怕。” “當量子擊中時，攻擊者將不會等待社區共識。”

The IEEE is a Knowledge Partner of Consensus.

IEEE是共識的知識合作夥伴。