以太坊正式引入Pectra，這是自合併以來最重要的升級之一

該更新將於2025年5月7日上線，其中包括一些技術增強功能，旨在簡化用戶體驗，提高積分效率並增強以太坊的總體可擴展性。

Ethereum has officially deployed Pectra, one of its most significant upgrades since The Merge, promising to transform how developers, validators, and users interact with the network.

以太坊已正式部署了Pectra，這是自合併以來最重要的升級之一，有望改變開發人員，驗證者和用戶與網絡交互的方式。

Going live on May 7, 2025, the update includes several technical enhancements that aim to streamline the user experience, improve staking efficiency, and enhance Ethereum’s overall scalability. Among the changes are multiple Ethereum Improvement Proposals (EIPs), two of which—EIP-7702 and EIP-7251—are already being touted as key building blocks for Ethereum’s long-term usability and ecosystem growth.

該更新將於2025年5月7日上線，其中包括一些技術增強功能，旨在簡化用戶體驗，提高積分效率並增強以太坊的總體可擴展性。其中包括多個以太坊改進建議（EIPS），其中兩個（EIP-7702和EIP-7251）已經被吹捧為以太坊的長期可用性和生態系統增長的關鍵基礎。

While the initial market response has been relatively cautious, the broader implications of the upgrade could be far-reaching, particularly for developers and institutional participants.

儘管最初的市場反應相對謹慎，但升級的更廣泛含義可能是深遠的，特別是對於開發商和機構參與者而言。

A Step Forward in Wallet Design and Account Abstraction

錢包設計和帳戶抽象的一步

Pectra brings Ethereum a step closer to true account abstraction with EIP-7702, which allows externally owned accounts (EOAs) to temporarily behave like smart contracts. This means users can access advanced features like automated transactions and multi-signature capabilities without having to change their wallet addresses or interact with complex smart contracts directly.

Pectra使以太坊更接近EIP-7702的真實帳戶抽象，該賬戶允許外部賬戶（EOAS）像智能合約一樣臨時行事。這意味著用戶可以訪問高級功能，例如自動交易和多簽名功能，而無需更改其錢包地址或直接與復雜的智能合約互動。

This change is expected to unlock a new wave of wallet innovation, making it easier for developers to build user-friendly, secure, and efficient applications. In practical terms, this could help Ethereum address long-standing issues such as the complexity of managing gas fees or token approvals, especially for new users.

預計這種更改將解鎖新的錢包創新浪潮，使開發人員更容易構建用戶友好，安全和高效的應用程序。實際上，這可以幫助以太坊解決長期存在的問題，例如管理汽油費的複雜性或代幣批准，尤其是對於新用戶。

In addition, EIP-7702 is designed to minimize the impact on existing tooling and infrastructure, ensuring a smooth transition for both developers and validators.

此外，EIP-7702旨在最大程度地減少對現有工具和基礎架構的影響，從而確保開發人員和驗證器的平穩過渡。

Chart: TradingView

圖表：TradingView

Greater Institutional Staking Capacity with EIP-7251

EIP-7251具有更大的機構放電能力

Another major enhancement is EIP-7251, which increases the validator stake cap from 32 ETH to 2,048 ETH. This change has major implications for institutions looking to operate validators at scale. Previously, large players had to split their ETH into dozens or hundreds of smaller validators, which created technical overhead and operational inefficiencies.

另一個主要增強功能是EIP-7251，它將驗證器股限從32 ETH增加到2,048 ETH。這種變化對希望按大規模操作驗證者進行操作的機構具有重大影響。以前，大型玩家不得不將他們的ETH分為數十個或數百個較小的驗證者，這些驗證者創造了技術開銷和運營效率低下。

By raising the cap, Ethereum now allows institutions to consolidate their positions, streamlining management and potentially increasing participation in staking. This flexibility could encourage greater institutional involvement in securing the network and contributing to its growth.

通過提高帽子，以太坊現在允許機構鞏固其立場，簡化管理並有可能增加參與積分。這種靈活性可以鼓勵更大的機構參與確保網絡並為其增長做出貢獻。

Combined with other performance-focused changes in Pectra, such as improvements to cryptographic processing and validator exits, the network becomes more attractive to both institutional and individual stakeholders.

結合Pectra的其他以性能為中心的變化，例如加密處理和驗證者出口的改進，該網絡對機構和個人利益相關者都更具吸引力。

Scalability Enhancements with Layer 2 in Mind

考慮到第2層的可伸縮性增強

Among the other EIPs included in Pectra is EIP-7691, which doubles blob data throughput from three to six per block. This change directly benefits Ethereum Layer 2 networks, which rely on blobs to transmit transaction data more cheaply and efficiently.

pectra中包含的其他EIP是EIP-7691，它將BLOB數據吞吐量從每個塊的三個增加到六個。此更改直接使以太坊第2層網絡受益，該網絡依靠BLOB來更便宜，更有效地傳輸交易數據。

As Layer 2 protocols scale to handle a larger volume of transactions, they require more bandwidth to operate effectively. By increasing capacity and reducing costs, Ethereum is laying the groundwork for a more scalable ecosystem, making it easier for rollups and other scaling solutions to thrive.

隨著第2層協議的規模以處理大量交易，它們需要更多的帶寬才能有效運行。通過增加容量並降低成本，以太坊為更可擴展的生態系統奠定了基礎，使滾動和其他規模的解決方案更容易蓬勃發展。

These adjustments are part of Ethereum’s broader roadmap that includes future upgrades like Fusaka, which aims to further optimize performance and reduce complexity across the network.

這些調整是以太坊更廣泛的路線圖的一部分，包括Fusaka等未來升級，旨在進一步優化性能並降低整個網絡的複雜性。

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以太坊後推出pectra升級，提高積分和第2層的可伸縮性