以太坊正式引入Pectra，这是自合并以来最重要的升级之一

该更新将于2025年5月7日上线，其中包括一些技术增强功能，旨在简化用户体验，提高积分效率并增强以太坊的总体可扩展性。

Ethereum has officially deployed Pectra, one of its most significant upgrades since The Merge, promising to transform how developers, validators, and users interact with the network.

以太坊已正式部署了Pectra，这是自合并以来最重要的升级之一，有望改变开发人员，验证者和用户与网络交互的方式。

Going live on May 7, 2025, the update includes several technical enhancements that aim to streamline the user experience, improve staking efficiency, and enhance Ethereum’s overall scalability. Among the changes are multiple Ethereum Improvement Proposals (EIPs), two of which—EIP-7702 and EIP-7251—are already being touted as key building blocks for Ethereum’s long-term usability and ecosystem growth.

该更新将于2025年5月7日上线，其中包括一些技术增强功能，旨在简化用户体验，提高积分效率并增强以太坊的总体可扩展性。其中包括多个以太坊改进建议（EIPS），其中两个（EIP-7702和EIP-7251）已经被吹捧为以太坊的长期可用性和生态系统增长的关键基础。

While the initial market response has been relatively cautious, the broader implications of the upgrade could be far-reaching, particularly for developers and institutional participants.

尽管最初的市场反应相对谨慎，但升级的更广泛含义可能是深远的，特别是对于开发商和机构参与者而言。

A Step Forward in Wallet Design and Account Abstraction

钱包设计和帐户抽象的一步

Pectra brings Ethereum a step closer to true account abstraction with EIP-7702, which allows externally owned accounts (EOAs) to temporarily behave like smart contracts. This means users can access advanced features like automated transactions and multi-signature capabilities without having to change their wallet addresses or interact with complex smart contracts directly.

Pectra使以太坊更接近EIP-7702的真实帐户抽象，该账户允许外部账户（EOAS）像智能合约一样临时行事。这意味着用户可以访问高级功能，例如自动交易和多签名功能，而无需更改其钱包地址或直接与复杂的智能合约互动。

This change is expected to unlock a new wave of wallet innovation, making it easier for developers to build user-friendly, secure, and efficient applications. In practical terms, this could help Ethereum address long-standing issues such as the complexity of managing gas fees or token approvals, especially for new users.

预计这种更改将解锁新的钱包创新浪潮，使开发人员更容易构建用户友好，安全和高效的应用程序。实际上，这可以帮助以太坊解决长期存在的问题，例如管理汽油费的复杂性或代币批准，尤其是对于新用户。

In addition, EIP-7702 is designed to minimize the impact on existing tooling and infrastructure, ensuring a smooth transition for both developers and validators.

此外，EIP-7702旨在最大程度地减少对现有工具和基础架构的影响，从而确保开发人员和验证器的平稳过渡。

Chart: TradingView

图表：TradingView

Greater Institutional Staking Capacity with EIP-7251

EIP-7251具有更大的机构放电能力

Another major enhancement is EIP-7251, which increases the validator stake cap from 32 ETH to 2,048 ETH. This change has major implications for institutions looking to operate validators at scale. Previously, large players had to split their ETH into dozens or hundreds of smaller validators, which created technical overhead and operational inefficiencies.

另一个主要增强功能是EIP-7251，它将验证器股限从32 ETH增加到2,048 ETH。这种变化对希望按大规模操作验证者进行操作的机构具有重大影响。以前，大型玩家不得不将他们的ETH分为数十个或数百个较小的验证者，这些验证者创造了技术开销和运营效率低下。

By raising the cap, Ethereum now allows institutions to consolidate their positions, streamlining management and potentially increasing participation in staking. This flexibility could encourage greater institutional involvement in securing the network and contributing to its growth.

通过提高帽子，以太坊现在允许机构巩固其立场，简化管理并有可能增加参与积分。这种灵活性可以鼓励更大的机构参与确保网络并为其增长做出贡献。

Combined with other performance-focused changes in Pectra, such as improvements to cryptographic processing and validator exits, the network becomes more attractive to both institutional and individual stakeholders.

结合Pectra的其他以性能为中心的变化，例如加密处理和验证者出口的改进，该网络对机构和个人利益相关者都更具吸引力。

Scalability Enhancements with Layer 2 in Mind

考虑到第2层的可伸缩性增强

Among the other EIPs included in Pectra is EIP-7691, which doubles blob data throughput from three to six per block. This change directly benefits Ethereum Layer 2 networks, which rely on blobs to transmit transaction data more cheaply and efficiently.

pectra中包含的其他EIP是EIP-7691，它将BLOB数据吞吐量从每个块的三个增加到六个。此更改直接使以太坊第2层网络受益，该网络依靠BLOB来更便宜，更有效地传输交易数据。

As Layer 2 protocols scale to handle a larger volume of transactions, they require more bandwidth to operate effectively. By increasing capacity and reducing costs, Ethereum is laying the groundwork for a more scalable ecosystem, making it easier for rollups and other scaling solutions to thrive.

随着第2层协议的规模以处理大量交易，它们需要更多的带宽才能有效运行。通过增加容量并降低成本，以太坊为更可扩展的生态系统奠定了基础，使滚动和其他规模的解决方案更容易蓬勃发展。

These adjustments are part of Ethereum’s broader roadmap that includes future upgrades like Fusaka, which aims to further optimize performance and reduce complexity across the network.

这些调整是以太坊更广泛的路线图的一部分，包括Fusaka等未来升级，旨在进一步优化性能并降低整个网络的复杂性。

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以太坊后推出pectra升级，提高积分和第2层的可伸缩性