以太坊聯合創始人拒絕復興工作量證明的呼籲，並表示存在中心化風險

在以太坊社群內關於可能回歸工作量證明（PoW）的討論中，以太坊聯合創始人 Vitalik Buterin 斷言，PoW 本質上傾向於中心化。 Buterin 強調，在 PoW 下，一小群礦池控制了以太坊網路的很大一部分，其中 Spark Pool 和 Ethermine 持有超過 50% 的算力。

Ethereum Co-Founder Vitalik Buterin Dismisses Proof-of-Work Revival, Emphasizes Centralization Risks

以太坊聯合創始人 Vitalik Buterin 駁斥了工作量證明的復興，並強調中心化風險

Amidst rising calls within the Ethereum community for a return to the proof-of-work (PoW) consensus mechanism, Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin has vehemently dismissed the notion, citing the inherent centralization risks associated with PoW.

在以太坊社群內要求回歸工作量證明（PoW）共識機制的呼聲日益高漲之際，以太坊聯合創始人 Vitalik Buterin 強烈駁斥了這個想法，理由是 PoW 存在固有的中心化風險。

PoW's Susceptibility to Centralization

PoW 對中心化的敏感性

Buterin's stance is based on the stark reality that under PoW, a small number of mining pools wield disproportionate control over the Ethereum network. A recent analysis revealed that a mere five major pools account for a staggering 76% of ETH mining power, with Spark Pool and Ethermine dominating the sector and collectively commanding over half of the altcoin's production.

Buterin 的立場基於這樣一個嚴峻的現實：在 PoW 下，少數礦池對以太坊網路擁有不成比例的控制權。最近的一項分析顯示，僅僅五個主要礦池就佔據了 ETH 算力的 76%，其中 Spark Pool 和 Ethermine 佔據了該領域的主導地位，合計佔據了該山寨幣一半以上的產量。

This concentration of power, Buterin argues, leaves Ethereum vulnerable to centralization, a problem that PoS aims to mitigate.

Buterin 認為，權力的集中使得以太坊容易受到中心化的影響，而 PoS 旨在緩解這個問題。

PoS: A Decentralized Future

PoS：去中心化的未來

With Ethereum's transition to proof-of-stake (PoS), Buterin believes that the temporary nature of PoW, where miners can easily shift their support to more profitable coins, allowed centralization to go largely unaddressed.

Buterin 認為，隨著以太坊向權益證明 (PoS) 的過渡，PoW 的臨時性質（礦工可以輕鬆地將支持轉向利潤更高的代幣）使得中心化在很大程度上得不到解決。

In contrast, PoS requires validators to stake their ETH holdings, making it more costly for them to engage in malicious behavior. This creates a more decentralized network where no single entity has excessive control.

相較之下，PoS 要求驗證者抵押其持有的 ETH，這使得他們參與惡意行為的成本更高。這創造了一個更去中心化的網絡，沒有任何一個實體擁有過多的控制權。

Regulatory Concerns and the SEC's Allegations

監管問題和 SEC 的指控

The resurgence of PoW debates has been fueled in part by legal battles, particularly with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). The SEC's allegations that Ethereum's PoS consensus mechanism constitutes a security have cast a shadow over the cryptocurrency's regulatory landscape and delayed the launch of Ethereum ETFs.

PoW 爭論的重新興起在一定程度上是由法律鬥爭推動的，尤其是與美國證券交易委員會 (SEC) 的法律鬥爭。美國證券交易委員會指控以太坊的 PoS 共識機制構成證券，這給加密貨幣的監管環境蒙上了陰影，並推遲了以太坊 ETF 的推出。

PoW's Regulatory Challenges vs. PoS's Favorable Outlook

PoW 的監管挑戰與 PoS 的良好前景

Meanwhile, cryptocurrencies operating on PoW, such as Bitcoin, have successfully navigated regulatory hurdles to secure ETF approval. Additionally, the inclusion of Dogecoin, Litecoin, and Bitcoin Cash derivatives on leading American crypto platform Coinbase further highlights the divergence in regulatory perceptions of PoW and PoS.

同時，比特幣等基於 PoW 運行的加密貨幣已成功克服監管障礙，並獲得 ETF 批准。此外，美國領先加密平台Coinbase納入狗狗幣、萊特幣和比特幣現金衍生性商品，進一步凸顯了PoW和PoS監管認知的差異。

Buterin's Resolute Stance

Buterin的堅定立場

Buterin's unwavering defense of PoS serves as a definitive response to those yearning for the mining era. He maintains that PoW is not immune to centralization and that Ethereum's shift to PoS was a necessary step towards a more secure and decentralized future.

Buterin 對 PoS 的堅定捍衛是對那些嚮往挖礦時代的人的明確回應。他認為，PoW 無法避免中心化，而以太坊向 PoS 的轉變是邁向更安全和去中心化未來的必要步驟。

A Lingering Question

一個揮之不去的問題

Despite Buterin's clear stance, the question remains: Was the shift from mining to staking truly a decision for the better? Only time will tell whether PoS can overcome the challenges and deliver on its promise of a more equitable and secure Ethereum ecosystem.

儘管 Buterin 立場明確，但問題仍然存在：從挖礦到質押的轉變真的是更好的決定嗎？只有時間才能證明 PoS 是否能夠克服挑戰並兌現其對更公平、更安全的以太坊生態系統的承諾。