以太坊（ETH）聯合創始人Vitalik Buterin概述了用RISC-V架構代替EVM的願景

Ethereum聯合創始人Vitalik Buterin在5月3日的博客文章中概述了區塊鏈平台的新願景，建議用RISC-V架構替換以太坊虛擬機（EVM）。

In a May 3 blog post, Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin has unveiled a new vision for the blockchain platform, proposing to replace the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) with RISC-V architecture. This change would aim to boost performance while rendering the network simpler and more accessible.

在5月3日的博客文章中，以太坊聯合創始人Vitalik Buterin揭開了對區塊鏈平台的新願景，建議用RISC-V架構代替以太坊虛擬機（EVM）。這種變化旨在提高性能，同時更簡單，更容易訪問網絡。

Buterin's post envisions a future where Ethereum could "become close to as simple as Bitcoin" within a five-year timeframe. The comparison is no coincidence, as he went on to praise Bitcoin's protocol design.

Buterin的帖子設想了一個未來，以太坊可以在五年的時間內“像比特幣一樣簡單”。當他繼續讚美比特幣的協議設計時，比較並不是巧合。

"One of the best things about Bitcoin is how beautifully simple the protocol is," Buterin said. He explained that this simplicity brings key benefits that help make Bitcoin "a credibly neutral and globally trusted base layer."

Buterin說：“關於比特幣最好的事情之一是協議的簡單非常簡單。”他解釋說，這種簡單性帶來了關鍵的好處，有助於使比特幣“是一個可靠的中立和全球信任的基礎層”。

The proposal focuses on adopting RISC-V, an open-source instruction set that dictates how software interacts with processors. For Ethereum, this would eliminate the need for extra translation steps currently required by the EVM.

該提案著重於採用RISC-V，這是一個開源指令集，該集合決定了軟件與處理器的交互方式。對於以太坊，這將消除EVM當前要求的額外翻譯步驟的需求。

With RISC-V, applications could operate directly on the execution layer. This adjustment could render some operations up to 100 times faster while still ensuring compatibility with existing smart contracts.

使用RISC-V，應用程序可以直接在執行層上運行。這種調整可以使一些操作更快地提高100倍，同時仍確保與現有智能合約的兼容性。

Buterin also highlighted the technical advantages of shifting to RISC-V. The current EVM is custom-built for Ethereum and requires translation to other formats, which slows down processes. In contrast, RISC-V can handle operations directly and is "simpler to reason about," according to Buterin.

Buterin還強調了轉移到RISC-V的技術優勢。當前的EVM是用於以太坊的定制構建的，需要將其轉換為其他格式，這會減慢過程。相比之下，RISC-V可以直接處理操作，並且“更簡單地推理”。

This simplification could lead to more people understanding and being able to participate in protocol research. It could also reduce the cost of developing new infrastructure and lower long-term protocol maintenance costs.

這種簡化可能會導致更多的人理解並能夠參與協議研究。它還可以降低開發新的基礎設施和降低長期協議維護成本的成本。

Buterin further stated that the change would minimize the "risk of catastrophic bugs" and reduce the "social attack surface" by having fewer components in the system.

Buterin進一步指出，這種變化將最大程度地減少“災難性蟲子的風險”，並通過系統中的組成部分較少來減少“社會攻擊表面”。

The plan sets its sights on three major areas of simplification: the Consensus Layer, the Execution Layer, and sharing components across protocol layers. For the Consensus Layer, Buterin suggests implementing a "three-slot finality" design to eliminate complex concepts.

該計劃在簡化的三個主要領域上設置了目光：共識層，執行層和跨協議層共享組件。對於共識層，Buterin建議實施“三槽最終”設計以消除複雜的概念。

As for the Execution Layer, he noted that "The EVM is increasingly growing in complexity, and much of that complexity has proven unnecessary."

至於執行層，他指出：“ EVM的複雜性越來越大，並且這種複雜性已被證明是不必要的。”

Despite these ambitious goals, Buterin acknowledged past failures in improving Ethereum. The network has often not met simplicity goals "sometimes because of my own decisions," he said.

儘管有這些雄心勃勃的目標，但布特林還是承認過去改善以太坊的失敗。他說，網絡通常沒有達到簡單目標“有時是因為我自己的決定”。

Not all analysts are convinced by the proposal. Dominick John, an analyst at Kronos Research, told Decrypt that Buterin's latest proposal could "break backward compatibility, demand massive developer retraining, and rely on immature tooling."

並非所有分析師都相信該提案。 Kronos Research的分析師多米尼克·約翰（Dominick John）告訴解密，布特林的最新提案“可以“破壞向後兼容，需求大量的開發人員再培訓，並依靠不成熟的工具”。

John also noted that Ethereum's governance "requires broad consensus across fragmented stakeholders, a massive coordination challenge."

約翰還指出，以太坊的治理“需要在零散的利益相關者之間進行廣泛的共識，這是一個巨大的協調挑戰。”

Ethereum has faced difficulties in the market recently, with its share collapsing to an all-time low of 7% in April. The cryptocurrency has been trading around $1,800, remaining 63% below its 2021 all-time high.

以太坊最近在市場上遇到了困難，其份額在四月份的歷史最低點崩潰了7％。加密貨幣的交易量約為1,800美元，剩餘63％以低於其2021年曆史最高水平。

In comparison, Bitcoin is only 13% down from its peak price earlier this year. However, some analysts remain optimistic about Ethereum's recovery potential.

相比之下，比特幣僅比今年早些時候的高峰價格下降了13％。但是，一些分析師對以太坊的恢復潛力保持樂觀。

Thad Pinakiewicz, researcher at Galaxy, offered a more positive perspective. "Price isn't the scoreboard for technological maturity," he wrote in a recent newsletter. "Ethereum isn't failing because the price is flat. It’s succeeding because it’s laying down infrastructure others are copying."

Galaxy的研究人員Thad Pinakiewicz提供了更積極的觀點。他在最近的一條新聞通訊中寫道：“價格不是技術成熟的計分板。” “以太坊不會失敗，因為價格是平坦的。它成功了，因為它奠定了其他人正在復制的基礎設施。”

Buterin ultimately framed the simplification effort as a long-term investment. "Caring about simplicity is, like decentralization, a short-term cost for the sake of benefits that do not appear immediately."

Buterin最終將簡化工作構成了一項長期投資。 “關心簡單性就像權力下放一樣，出於不立即出現的利益而是短期成本。”