以太坊（ETH）联合创始人Vitalik Buterin概述了用RISC-V架构代替EVM的愿景

Ethereum联合创始人Vitalik Buterin在5月3日的博客文章中概述了区块链平台的新愿景，建议用RISC-V架构替换以太坊虚拟机（EVM）。

In a May 3 blog post, Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin has unveiled a new vision for the blockchain platform, proposing to replace the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) with RISC-V architecture. This change would aim to boost performance while rendering the network simpler and more accessible.

在5月3日的博客文章中，以太坊联合创始人Vitalik Buterin揭开了对区块链平台的新愿景，建议用RISC-V架构代替以太坊虚拟机（EVM）。这种变化旨在提高性能，同时更简单，更容易访问网络。

Buterin's post envisions a future where Ethereum could "become close to as simple as Bitcoin" within a five-year timeframe. The comparison is no coincidence, as he went on to praise Bitcoin's protocol design.

Buterin的帖子设想了一个未来，以太坊可以在五年的时间内“像比特币一样简单”。当他继续赞美比特币的协议设计时，比较并不是巧合。

"One of the best things about Bitcoin is how beautifully simple the protocol is," Buterin said. He explained that this simplicity brings key benefits that help make Bitcoin "a credibly neutral and globally trusted base layer."

Buterin说：“关于比特币最好的事情之一是协议的简单非常简单。”他解释说，这种简单性带来了关键的好处，有助于使比特币“是一个可靠的中立和全球信任的基础层”。

The proposal focuses on adopting RISC-V, an open-source instruction set that dictates how software interacts with processors. For Ethereum, this would eliminate the need for extra translation steps currently required by the EVM.

该提案着重于采用RISC-V，这是一个开源指令集，该集合决定了软件与处理器的交互方式。对于以太坊，这将消除EVM当前要求的额外翻译步骤的需求。

With RISC-V, applications could operate directly on the execution layer. This adjustment could render some operations up to 100 times faster while still ensuring compatibility with existing smart contracts.

使用RISC-V，应用程序可以直接在执行层上运行。这种调整可以使一些操作更快地提高100倍，同时仍确保与现有智能合约的兼容性。

Buterin also highlighted the technical advantages of shifting to RISC-V. The current EVM is custom-built for Ethereum and requires translation to other formats, which slows down processes. In contrast, RISC-V can handle operations directly and is "simpler to reason about," according to Buterin.

Buterin还强调了转移到RISC-V的技术优势。当前的EVM是用于以太坊的定制构建的，需要将其转换为其他格式，这会减慢过程。相比之下，RISC-V可以直接处理操作，并且“更简单地推理”。

This simplification could lead to more people understanding and being able to participate in protocol research. It could also reduce the cost of developing new infrastructure and lower long-term protocol maintenance costs.

这种简化可能会导致更多的人理解并能够参与协议研究。它还可以降低开发新的基础设施和降低长期协议维护成本的成本。

Buterin further stated that the change would minimize the "risk of catastrophic bugs" and reduce the "social attack surface" by having fewer components in the system.

Buterin进一步指出，这种变化将最大程度地减少“灾难性虫子的风险”，并通过系统中的组成部分较少来减少“社会攻击表面”。

The plan sets its sights on three major areas of simplification: the Consensus Layer, the Execution Layer, and sharing components across protocol layers. For the Consensus Layer, Buterin suggests implementing a "three-slot finality" design to eliminate complex concepts.

该计划在简化的三个主要领域上设置了目光：共识层，执行层和跨协议层共享组件。对于共识层，Buterin建议实施“三槽最终”设计以消除复杂的概念。

As for the Execution Layer, he noted that "The EVM is increasingly growing in complexity, and much of that complexity has proven unnecessary."

至于执行层，他指出：“ EVM的复杂性越来越大，并且这种复杂性已被证明是不必要的。”

Despite these ambitious goals, Buterin acknowledged past failures in improving Ethereum. The network has often not met simplicity goals "sometimes because of my own decisions," he said.

尽管有这些雄心勃勃的目标，但布特林还是承认过去改善以太坊的失败。他说，网络通常没有达到简单目标“有时是因为我自己的决定”。

Not all analysts are convinced by the proposal. Dominick John, an analyst at Kronos Research, told Decrypt that Buterin's latest proposal could "break backward compatibility, demand massive developer retraining, and rely on immature tooling."

并非所有分析师都相信该提案。 Kronos Research的分析师多米尼克·约翰（Dominick John）告诉解密，布特林的最新提案“可以“破坏向后兼容，需求大量的开发人员再培训，并依靠不成熟的工具”。

John also noted that Ethereum's governance "requires broad consensus across fragmented stakeholders, a massive coordination challenge."

约翰还指出，以太坊的治理“需要在零散的利益相关者之间进行广泛的共识，这是一个巨大的协调挑战。”

Ethereum has faced difficulties in the market recently, with its share collapsing to an all-time low of 7% in April. The cryptocurrency has been trading around $1,800, remaining 63% below its 2021 all-time high.

以太坊最近在市场上遇到了困难，其份额在四月份的历史最低点崩溃了7％。加密货币的交易量约为1,800美元，剩余63％以低于其2021年历史最高水平。

In comparison, Bitcoin is only 13% down from its peak price earlier this year. However, some analysts remain optimistic about Ethereum's recovery potential.

相比之下，比特币仅比今年早些时候的高峰价格下降了13％。但是，一些分析师对以太坊的恢复潜力保持乐观。

Thad Pinakiewicz, researcher at Galaxy, offered a more positive perspective. "Price isn't the scoreboard for technological maturity," he wrote in a recent newsletter. "Ethereum isn't failing because the price is flat. It’s succeeding because it’s laying down infrastructure others are copying."

Galaxy的研究人员Thad Pinakiewicz提供了更积极的观点。他在最近的一条新闻通讯中写道：“价格不是技术成熟的计分板。” “以太坊不会失败，因为价格是平坦的。它成功了，因为它奠定了其他人正在复制的基础设施。”

Buterin ultimately framed the simplification effort as a long-term investment. "Caring about simplicity is, like decentralization, a short-term cost for the sake of benefits that do not appear immediately."

Buterin最终将简化工作构成了一项长期投资。 “关心简单性就像权力下放一样，出于不立即出现的利益而是短期成本。”