區塊鏈正在徹底改變公共產品融資

重寫資本在社會中的流動方式可以說是加密貨幣領域最大的解鎖。 Sophia Dew 表示，隨著區塊鏈爭奪市場份額，我們迫切希望看到新型融資形式的快速實驗，以擴大對生態系統的影響。

Cryptocurrency is unlocking a new way to fund public goods, and it could have a major impact on society.

加密貨幣正在開啟一種為公共產品提供資金的新方式，它可能會對社會產生重大影響。

Blockchains are competing for market share by experimenting with novel forms of funding that grow impact ecosystems. But what exactly does this mean?

區塊鏈正在透過試驗對生態系統產生影響的新型融資形式來爭奪市場份額。但這到底是什麼意思呢？

Capital is flowing in a new direction, thanks to blockchains. But to fully grasp the significance of this shift, we must first define “public goods.”

得益於區塊鏈，資本正在朝著新的方向流動。但要充分把握這項轉變的意義，我們必須先定義「公共財」。

A good illustration is a scientific breakthrough. Once discovered, it may be freely shared and used by anybody without diminishing its worth. This characteristic makes it harder for the private sector to fund scientific research since they can't recoup their investment. However, government funding may step in to fill this vacuum.

一個好的插圖是一個科學突破。一旦被發現，任何人都可以自由分享和使用，而不會降低其價值。這項特點使得私部門更難資助科學研究，因為它們無法收回投資。然而，政府資金可能會介入以填補這一真空。

Another example of a public good is a cathedral. It serves the whole community as a place of worship, but it is challenging for the private sector to construct a cathedral since they cannot charge people to use it and so cannot recoup their expenses. However, community funding or government subsidies may be used to construct a cathedral.

公共物品的另一個例子是大教堂。它作為一個禮拜場所為整個社區服務，但私營部門建造一座大教堂具有挑戰性，因為他們無法向人們收取使用費用，因此無法收回費用。然而，社區資金或政府補貼可用於建造大教堂。

Cryptocurrency is unlocking a new way to fund public goods, and it could have a major impact on society. Here's how.

加密貨幣正在開啟一種為公共產品提供資金的新方式，它可能會對社會產生重大影響。就是這樣。

But what does this have to do with cryptocurrencies and blockchains? It turns out that blockchains can be used to create new and innovative ways of funding public goods.

但這與加密貨幣和區塊鏈有什麼關係呢？事實證明，區塊鏈可以用來創造新的、創新的方式來資助公共產品。

One example is quadratic funding, which Gitcoin uses to distribute matching funds to Web3 projects. With quadratic funding, each donation to a project is matched by a decreasing multiple of funds from a central pool. This means that early donations to a project have a greater impact on the total amount of funds raised, encouraging a diverse group of donors to contribute to a wide range of projects.

一個例子是二次融資，Gitcoin 使用它來向 Web3 專案分配匹配資金。透過二次融資，專案的每筆捐贈都與中央資金池中遞減倍數的資金相符。這意味著對計畫的早期捐款對籌集的資金總額有更大的影響，鼓勵多元化的捐助者為廣泛的計畫捐款。

Another example is RetroPGF, which Optimism uses to retroactively fund impactful projects in its ecosystem. With RetroPGF, a group of community members decides which projects to fund after the funding round has ended. This allows projects to demonstrate their impact before receiving funding, ensuring that the funds go to the most deserving projects.

另一個例子是 RetroPGF，Optimism 用它來追溯資助其生態系統中有影響力的計畫。在 RetroPGF 中，一群社區成員在融資輪結束後決定資助哪些項目。這使得專案能夠在獲得資金之前展示其影響力，確保資金流向最值得的專案。

These are just two examples of how blockchains can be used to fund public goods. As blockchains continue to grow and mature, we can expect to see even more creative and impactful ways of funding public goods being developed.

這些只是區塊鏈如何用於資助公共產品的兩個例子。隨著區塊鏈的不斷發展和成熟，我們預計會看到更具創造性和影響力的公共產品融資方式。

And this has the potential to completely alter how society operates. When governments or a small group of wealthy people have a monopoly on deciding how to allocate capital, it might lead to a concentration of power and a misallocation of resources. But a decentralized and community-driven approach to capital allocation might guarantee that funds are directed towards the projects and initiatives that will generate the greatest good for the greatest number of people.

這有可能徹底改變社會的運作方式。當政府或一小群富人壟斷決定如何配置資本時，可能會導致權力集中和資源配置不當。但是，去中心化和社區驅動的資本分配方法可能會保證資金流向能夠為最大多數人帶來最大利益的項目和舉措。

This might also result in a more equitable and just society since everyone would have a stake in how capital is allocated. But it's crucial to keep in mind that this is only the beginning. We still have a long way to go before we can completely realize the potential of blockchains to effect good in the world.

這也可能帶來一個更公平和公正的社會，因為每個人都與資本的分配方式有利害關係。但重要的是要記住，這只是一個開始。要完全實現區塊鏈為世界帶來好處的潛力，我們還有很長的路要走。