非當事人意見陳述反對龍捲風現金開發商的起訴

在 Roman Storm 因涉嫌參與 Tornado Cash 被捕期間，支持加密貨幣的組織紛紛為他辯護。 Coin Center、區塊鏈協會和 DeFi 教育基金已提交非當事人意見陳述，對政府的指控提出異議。他們反對將 Tornado Cash 歸類為未註冊的匯款業務，並強調開發者對使用者資產缺乏控制權。這些簡報引發了人們的擔憂，如果法院站在政府一邊，軟體開發人員可能會因第三方使用其程式碼的行為而被定為刑事犯罪，這會對軟體開發人員產生更廣泛的影響。

Amicus Briefs Filed in Support of Tornado Cash Developer Roman Storm

提交支持 Tornado Cash 開發商 Roman Storm 的非當事人意見陳述

Amidst the ongoing legal proceedings surrounding Roman Storm, the developer behind the Ethereum privacy protocol Tornado Cash, several prominent pro-cryptocurrency organizations have submitted amicus briefs in support of his defense. These briefs present a formidable challenge to the government's characterization of Tornado Cash and the implications it may have for software developers.

在圍繞以太坊隱私協議 Tornado Cash 背後的開發商 Roman Storm 正在進行的法律訴訟中，幾個著名的支持加密貨幣的組織已提交了非當事人意見陳述以支持他的辯護。這些簡報對政府對龍捲風現金的描述及其對軟體開發商可能產生的影響提出了巨大的挑戰。

Roman Semenov, another co-founder of Tornado Cash, remains at large, while Alexey Pertsev awaits the verdict of his trial in the Netherlands. The amicus briefs filed by Coin Center, the Blockchain Association, and the DeFi Education Fund provide a comprehensive critique of the charges against Storm.

Tornado Cash 的另一位聯合創始人 Roman Semenov 仍然在逃，而 Alexey Pertsev 正在荷蘭等待審判結果。 Coin Center、區塊鏈協會和 DeFi 教育基金提交的法庭之友陳述對 Storm 的指控進行了全面批評。

Challenging the Government's Characterization

挑戰政府的定性

A central argument put forward by the amicus briefs is the government's misinterpretation of Tornado Cash as an unregistered money-transmitting business (MSB). The organizations contend that this characterization is inconsistent with existing regulations and fails to accurately represent the technical operation of the platform.

法庭之友陳述提出的一個核心論點是政府將 Tornado Cash 誤解為未註冊的匯款企業 (MSB)。這些組織認為，這種描述不符合現有法規，且無法準確反映平台的技術運作。

The briefs assert that Tornado Cash functions as a decentralized software tool that facilitates anonymous transactions on the Ethereum blockchain. The developers of the platform do not have direct control over user assets, which are instead managed by smart contracts.

簡報稱，Tornado Cash 是一種去中心化軟體工具，可促進以太坊區塊鏈上的匿名交易。該平台的開發者無法直接控制用戶資產，而是由智能合約管理。

Implications for Software Developers

對軟體開發人員的影響

The briefs warn of the far-reaching implications for software developers if the government's characterization of Tornado Cash is upheld. They argue that such a precedent could render compliance with certain laws unfeasible for software creators.

簡報警告說，如果政府對龍捲風現金的描述得到維持，將對軟體開發商產生深遠的影響。他們認為，這樣的先例可能會使軟體創作者無法遵守某些法律。

The Blockchain Association's brief, in particular, highlights the potential chilling effect on the development of anonymizing protocols, which play a vital role in preserving privacy and protecting users from surveillance.

區塊鏈協會的簡報特別強調了匿名協議開發的潛在寒蟬效應，匿名協議在保護隱私和保護用戶免受監視方面發揮著至關重要的作用。

First Amendment Defense

第一修正案辯護

Coin Center's brief addresses the count of conspiracy to violate the International Economic Emergency Powers Act (IEEPA) by asserting a First Amendment defense. It argues that the software's release was not motivated by any intent to violate sanctions and that developers cannot be held liable for the subsequent misuse of their code by malicious actors.

Coin Center 的簡報涉及透過主張第一修正案辯護來串謀違反《國際經濟緊急權力法》(IEEPA) 的罪名。它認為，該軟體的發布並不是出於任何違反制裁的意圖，並且開發人員不能為惡意行為者隨後濫用其程式碼承擔責任。

To illustrate this point, Coin Center draws parallels with the open-source Linux operating system, arguing that software developers should not be implicated in sanction violations based on the actions of third parties.

為了說明這一點，Coin Center 將其與開源 Linux 作業系統進行了比較，認為軟體開發人員不應因第三方的行為而受到製裁違規行為的牽連。

Criminalizing Software Developers

將軟體開發人員定為刑事犯罪

The DeFi Education Fund's brief raises concerns about the potential criminalization of software developers for the actions of users. It warns that the broad interpretation of the government's charges could expose developers to liability for events that occur years after the software's release and over which they have no control.

DeFi 教育基金的簡報引發了人們對軟體開發者可能因使用者行為而被定罪的擔憂。它警告說，對政府指控的寬泛解釋可能會讓開發者對軟體發布數年後發生的事件承擔責任，而這些事件是他們無法控制的。

The brief emphasizes the need for a limiting principle that would protect software developers from open-ended prosecution.

該簡報強調需要製定限制原則，以保護軟體開發人員免受無限制的起訴。

Conclusion

結論

The amicus briefs filed by these pro-cryptocurrency organizations provide a robust defense of Roman Storm and challenge the government's portrayal of Tornado Cash. They underscore the importance of protecting software developers from overbroad interpretations of the law and preserving the fundamental principles of privacy and innovation in the digital age.

這些支持加密貨幣的組織提交的非當事人意見陳述為羅馬風暴提供了強有力的辯護，並挑戰了政府對龍捲風現金的描述。他們強調了保護軟體開發人員免受對法律過於寬泛的解釋以及維護數位時代隱私和創新基本原則的重要性。