Lummis-Gillibrand 推出支付稳定币监管框架

美国参议员 Kirsten Gillibrand 和 Cynthia Lummis 提出了《Lummis-Gillibrand 支付稳定币法案》，为支付稳定币创建了监管框架。该法案禁止无支持的稳定币，规定 1:1 的储备金，并建立州和联邦的监督。它还旨在通过促进创新和保护消费者来防止非法使用并支持美元的主导地位。

United States Senators Lummis and Gillibrand Introduce Comprehensive Regulatory Framework for Payment Stablecoins

美国参议员 Lummis 和 Gillibrand 推出支付稳定币综合监管框架

Washington, D.C. (April 17, 2024) - In a significant move to address the rapidly evolving landscape of digital assets, United States Senators Kirsten Gillibrand (D-NY) and Cynthia Lummis (R-WY) have introduced the Lummis-Gillibrand Payment Stablecoin Act of 2024. This landmark legislation establishes a comprehensive regulatory framework for payment stablecoins, providing much-needed clarity and safeguards for consumers, issuers, and the financial system as a whole.

华盛顿特区（2024 年 4 月 17 日）——为了应对数字资产快速发展的格局，美国参议员 Kirsten Gillibrand（纽约州民主党）和 Cynthia Lummis（怀俄明州共和党）推出了 Lummis-Gillibrand 支付稳定币，这是一项重大举措2024 年法案。这项具有里程碑意义的立法为支付稳定币建立了全面的监管框架，为消费者、发行者和整个金融体系提供了急需的清晰度和保障。

"Passing a regulatory framework for stablecoins is absolutely critical to maintaining the U.S. dollar's dominance, promoting responsible innovation, protecting consumers, and cracking down on money laundering and illicit finance," stated Senator Gillibrand. "To draft the strongest bill possible, our offices worked closely with relevant federal and state agencies, and we are confident that this legislation can earn the necessary support in the Senate and the House."

参议员吉利布兰德表示：“通过稳定币监管框架对于维持美元的主导地位、促进负责任的创新、保护消费者以及打击洗钱和非法金融绝对至关重要。” “为了起草尽可能最强有力的法案，我们的办公室与相关联邦和州机构密切合作，我们相信这项立法能够在参议院和众议院获得必要的支持。”

Key Provisions of the Lummis-Gillibrand Payment Stablecoin Act:

《Lummis-Gillibrand 支付稳定币法案》的主要条款：

1. Prohibition of Unbacked, Algorithmic Stablecoins:

   禁止无支持的算法稳定币：

   • The bill explicitly prohibits any payment stablecoin from being backed by non-cash assets or algorithmic mechanisms, effectively barring the issuance of unbacked stablecoins like TerraUSD (UST).

2. One-to-One Reserve Requirements:

   该法案明确禁止任何支付稳定币由非现金资产或算法机制支持，有效禁止发行像 TerraUSD (UST) 这样的无支持稳定币。 一对一准备金要求：

   • Issuers of payment stablecoins must maintain a reserve equal to or exceeding the value of outstanding stablecoins in U.S. dollars or other "permissible assets."

3. State and Federal Regulatory Regimes:

   支付稳定币的发行人必须维持等于或超过未偿还稳定币的美元或其他“允许资产”价值的储备金。州和联邦监管制度：

   • The bill establishes a dual regulatory regime, with the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC) overseeing payment stablecoin issuers operating under a federal charter and state regulators supervising those with a state charter.

4. Prevention of Illicit Uses:

   该法案建立了双重监管制度，货币监理署（OCC）负责监督根据联邦宪章运营的支付稳定币发行人，而州监管机构则监督拥有州宪章的发行人。 防止非法使用：

   • The legislation imposes strict anti-money laundering and illicit finance requirements on payment stablecoin issuers, including Know-Your-Customer (KYC) and Anti-Money Laundering (AML) compliance measures.

Additional Details from the Bill:

该立法对支付稳定币发行人提出了严格的反洗钱和非法融资要求，包括了解你的客户（KYC）和反洗钱（AML）合规措施。该法案的其他详细信息：

1. Issuance Authority:

   发行机构：

   • State non-depository trust companies may issue payment stablecoins up to $10 billion, while authorized institutions (such as banks and credit unions) may issue stablecoins "up to any amount" under a limited-purpose state charter.

2. Custody Requirements:

   州非存款信托公司可以发行高达 100 亿美元的支付稳定币，而授权机构（例如银行和信用合作社）可以根据有限目的州章程发行“不超过任何金额”的稳定币。 托管要求：

   • The bill emphasizes the importance of proper custody practices for issuers, especially in light of the recent FTX scandal. Stablecoin issuers must maintain custody arrangements that prevent the unauthorized use or loss of reserves.

3. Implications for Tether:

   该法案强调了发行人适当托管实践的重要性，特别是考虑到最近的 FTX 丑闻。稳定币发行人必须维持托管安排，以防止未经授权的使用或储备损失。对 Tether 的影响：

   • The Lummis-Gillibrand Payment Stablecoin Act could have significant implications for Tether, the largest stablecoin issuer by market capitalization. The bill's one-to-one reserve requirement and anti-money laundering provisions may force Tether to disclose the composition of its reserves and improve its compliance measures.

4. Congressional Support:

   Lummis-Gillibrand 支付稳定币法案可能会对市值最大的稳定币发行商 Tether 产生重大影响。该法案一一对应的准备金要求和反洗钱条款可能会迫使Tether披露其准备金构成并改进其合规措施。国会支持：

   • The legislation has received bipartisan support from key lawmakers, including Senate Banking Committee Chairman Sherrod Brown (D-OH), who has expressed his willingness to support a stablecoin bill that addresses his concerns.

5. Next Steps:

   该立法得到了主要立法者的两党支持，其中包括参议院银行委员会主席谢罗德·布朗（D-OH），他表示愿意支持解决他担忧的稳定币法案。后续步骤：

   • The Lummis-Gillibrand Payment Stablecoin Act will now be referred to the Senate Banking Committee for review and debate. The committee will hold hearings to gather input from stakeholders and experts before making recommendations to the full Senate.

Conclusion:

《鲁米斯-吉利布兰德支付稳定币法案》现将提交参议院银行委员会审查和辩论。该委员会将举行听证会，收集利益相关者和专家的意见，然后向参议院全体会议提出建议。结论：

The Lummis-Gillibrand Payment Stablecoin Act of 2024 represents a pivotal step in the development of a robust regulatory framework for payment stablecoins in the United States. This legislation balances the need for consumer protection, financial stability, and responsible innovation, creating a path forward for the safe and sound evolution of digital assets in the 21st century.

2024 年《Lummis-Gillibrand 支付稳定币法案》代表了美国制定稳健的支付稳定币监管框架的关键一步。这项立法平衡了消费者保护、金融稳定和负责任的创新的需求，为 21 世纪数字资产的安全健康发展开辟了道路。