以太坊联合创始人Vitalik Buterin呼吁简化以太坊的基本协议

输入：以太坊联合创始人Vitalik Buterin呼吁简化以太坊的基本协议，旨在使网络更有效

Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin has called for simplifying the blockchain’s base protocol, aiming to make the network more efficient, secure and accessible, drawing inspiration from Bitcoin’s minimalist design.

Ethereum联合创始人Vitalik Buterin呼吁简化区块链的基本协议，旨在使网络从比特币的极简主义设计中汲取灵感。

In a blog post titled "Simplifying the L1" on May 3, Buterin laid out a vision to restructure Ethereum’s architecture across consensus, execution and shared components.

在5月3日的博客文章“简化L1”的博客文章中，Buterin提出了一个愿景，以在共识，执行和共享组件中重组以太坊的体系结构。

“This post will describe how Ethereum 5 years from now can become close to as simple as Bitcoin,” Buterin wrote, arguing that simplicity is key to Ethereum’s resilience and long-term scalability.

“这篇文章将描述以太坊从现在开始如何变得像比特币一样简单。”布特林认为，简单性是以太坊的韧性和长期可扩展性的关键。

While recent upgrades like proof-of-stake (PoS) and Zero-Knowledge Succinct Non-Interactive Argument of Knowledge (zk-SNARK) integration have made Ethereum more robust, he said that technical complexity has led to bloated development cycles, higher costs and greater risks of bugs:

尽管最近的升级（POS）和零知识简洁的非交互性论点（ZK-SNARK）集成使以太坊更加健壮，但他说，技术复杂性导致了肿胀的发展周期，更高的成本和更大的错误风险：

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Ethereum eyes ‘3-Slot Finality’ to simplify consensus

以太坊的眼睛“三槽终结”以简化共识

One key area of focus is Ethereum’s consensus layer. Central to this effort is the proposed “3-slot finality” model, which eliminates complex components like epochs, sync committees and validator shuffling.

重点的一个关键领域是以太坊的共识层。这项工作的核心是拟议的“ 3槽终结”模型，该模型消除了诸如时期，同步委员会和验证者改组之类的复杂组成部分。

“The reduced number of active validators at a time means that it becomes safer to use simpler implementations of the fork choice rule,” Buterin wrote.

Buterin写道：“一次有效验证器数量减少意味着使用叉选择规则的更简单的实现变得更加安全。”

Other proposed improvements include allowing for more straightforward fork choice rules and adopting Scalable Transparent Argument of Knowledge (STARK)-based aggregation protocols to decentralize and simplify network coordination.

其他提出的改进包括允许更直接的叉选择规则，并采用可扩展的透明知识参数（Stark）基于基于的聚合协议，以分散和简化网络协调。

On the execution layer, Buterin proposed a shift from the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) to a simpler, ZK-friendly virtual machine like RISC-V. This move could offer 100x performance improvements for zero-knowledge proofs and significantly simplify the protocol.

在执行层上，Buterin提出了从以太坊虚拟机（EVM）转变为RISC-V（如RISC-V）更简单，对ZK友好的虚拟机。此举可以为零知识证明提供100倍的性能改进，并显着简化协议。

RISC-V is an open-source instruction set architecture (ISA) used in designing computer processors. It follows a minimalist design philosophy, using a small set of simple instructions for high efficiency and easier implementation.

RISC-V是用于设计计算机处理器的开源指令集架构（ISA）。它遵循简约的设计理念，使用一小部分简单说明，以提高效率和更轻松的实现。

To preserve backward compatibility, Buterin suggested running legacy EVM contracts onchain via a RISC-V interpreter while supporting both VMs concurrently during a transitional phase.

为了保留向后兼容性，布特林建议通过RISC-V解释器运行遗产EVM合同，同时在过渡阶段同时支持这两个VM。

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Buterin calls for protocol-wide standards

Buterin要求范围范围的标准

Buterin also advocated for protocol-wide standardization. He suggested adopting a single erasure coding method, serialization format (favoring SSZ), and tree structure to reduce redundant complexity and streamline Ethereum’s tooling and infrastructure.

Buterin还提倡整个协议范围的标准化。他建议采用单一的擦除编码方法，序列化格式（偏爱SSZ）和树结构来降低冗余复杂性并简化以太坊的工具和基础架构。

“Simplicity is in many ways similar to decentralization,” Buterin wrote. He suggested Ethereum adopt a “max line-of-code” target similar to what Tinygrad does, keeping consensus-critical logic as lean and auditable as possible.

“简单性在许多方面类似于权力中心化，”布特林写道。他建议以太坊采用与TinyGrad类似的“最大编码线”目标，以使共识关键逻辑尽可能精益明了。

Non-critical legacy features would remain but reside outside the core specification.

非关键的遗产功能将保留，但居住在核心规范之外。

Buterin’s proposal aimed at simplifying Ethereum comes as the network continues to lose market share to competing blockchains.

Buterin的提议旨在简化以太坊，因为该网络继续失去了竞争区块链的市场份额。

During a panel discussion at the LONGITUDE by Cointelegraph event on May 2, Alex Svanevik, CEO of data service Nansen, said Ethereum’s relative dominance among L1 blockchain networks has declined.

在5月2日，Cointelegraph活动在经度的小组讨论中，Data Service Nansen首席执行官Alex Svanevik表示，以太坊在L1区块链网络中的相对优势下降了。

“If you’d asked me 3–4 years ago whether Ethereum would dominate crypto, I’d have said yes,” Svanevik said during a panel discussion at the LONGITUDE by Cointelegraph event. “But now, it’s clear that’s not what’s happening.”

斯瓦内维克在Cointelegraph事件的经度讨论中说：“如果您3至4年前问我，以太坊是否会主导加密。” “但是现在很明显，这不是发生的事情。”