加密贷款的工作原理和使用它的最佳平台

贷款是经济不可或缺的一部分，如果正确使用，可以帮助国家，企业和个人上升了几个世纪。但是，大多数人都以集中银行的形式熟悉信贷，主要是以美元和其他国家货币的形式。

Loan is an integral part of the economy that has helped nations, businesses, and individuals rise for centuries if used properly. However, most people are familiar with credit in the form of centralized banks and mostly in the form of USD and other national currencies. But for DeFi to become a full-fledged economic framework, the emergence of credit mechanisms was inevitable — and by now, several functional implementations are in place.

贷款是经济不可或缺的一部分，如果正确使用，可以帮助国家，企业和个人上升了几个世纪。但是，大多数人都以集中银行的形式熟悉信贷，主要是以美元和其他国家货币的形式。但是，对于Defi成为一个成熟的经济框架，信用机制的出现是不可避免的，到目前为止，已经实施了几种功能实施。

But it works a bit differently than in TradiFi, and here we will go into more detail on how crypto lending works, the difference DeFi vs centralized crypto lending, and what secure crypto borrowing platforms there are today.

但是它的工作方式与Tradifi的作用有所不同，在这里，我们将更详细地介绍加密贷款的工作原理，差异与集中的加密贷款以及当今有哪些安全的加密借贷平台。

What Are the Advantages of Crypto Lending and Borrowing?

加密贷款和借贷的优势是什么？

Some may ask why crypto loans are needed instead of the usual TradiFi loans from classic banks. There are several reasons for this.

有些人可能会问为什么需要加密贷款，而不是经典银行的通常的Tradifi贷款。这样做的原因有几个。

* Institutional Bias

*机构偏见

Banks are not always fair in deciding who to lend to or not. Of course, we are not talking about cases of outright unreliability, but on average, a bank may not give a loan to someone who could use it very well and return the loan on time and in full. DeFi mitigates this issue by removing human discretion and enabling access to credit based on objective, algorithmically enforced conditions.

银行在决定谁借给谁时并不总是公平的。当然，我们不是在谈论完全不可靠的案件，但是平均而言，银行可能不会向可以很好地使用它并全额退还贷款的人提供贷款。根据客观的，算法上强制执行的条件，消除人类酌处权并启用信贷来减轻此问题。

* Banks Non-Transparency

*银行非透明度

Banks apply opaque decision-making criteria, often relying on proprietary risk models that are inaccessible to applicants. You don’t know until the end why the bank denied your loan and what exactly you need to do to fix it. DeFi protocols are fully transparent: Loans are issued according to publicly auditable smart contracts with predefined parameters.

银行采用不透明的决策标准，通常依靠申请人无法访问的专有风险模型。直到最后，您才知道为什么银行拒绝您的贷款以及您需要做什么来解决它。 DEFI协议是完全透明的：根据具有预定义参数的公开审核智能合约发行贷款。

* Banks Limitations

*银行限制

In the case of classic banks, you have very limited options. All of them have approximately the same conditions, and there is no fundamental difference in which bank to borrow from. You can only borrow from a small list of traditional currencies, which is also quite limited. Also, banks often share the same data about borrowers, and if you are denied by one bank for any reason, you most likely will be denied by the rest. DeFi provides a much larger selection of different platforms, mechanisms, and offers that can be much more convenient for a variety of user scenarios.

就经典银行而言，您的选择非常有限。他们所有人都有大约相同的条件，并且银行从那里借贷没有根本差异。您只能从一小部分传统货币中借钱，这也很有限。此外，银行通常共享有关借款人的相同数据，如果出于任何原因将您拒绝，那么您很可能会被其余的拒绝。 DEFI提供了更大的不同平台，机制和报价的选择，对于各种用户方案而言可能会更加方便。

* It Is Impossible to Make a Profit From Loans

*不可能从贷款中获利

In TradFi, loan issuance is typically restricted to licensed financial institutions, and yield generation is not accessible directly to retail users. Sure, you can get interest from your deposit, but those are pretty limited options too and not the most direct ones. You don’t decide how the bank manages your money, who to lend to, and so on. DeFi allows you to lend on your own, choose transparent terms, and have a pretty wide range of choices in doing so.

在Tradfi中，贷款发行通常仅限于有执照的金融机构，而零售用户无法直接获得收益率。当然，您可以从存款中获得兴趣，但是这些选择也非常有限，也不是最直接的选择。您不确定银行如何管理您的钱，要借给谁，等等。 DEFI允许您自己借用，选择透明的条款，并在这样做方面具有相当多的选择。

How Crypto Lending Works?

加密贷款的工作方式？

So, the foundation of cryptocurrency lending is a model of overcollateralized loans, in which a user provides a digital asset as collateral and receives a loan in another cryptocurrency or stablecoin. Such an architecture is necessary due to the lack of creditworthiness assessment mechanisms in the blockchain environment: all loans are a priori considered unreliable if they are not secured by an asset whose value exceeds the loan amount.

因此，加密货币贷款的基础是过度贷款的模型，在该贷款中，用户提供数字资产作为抵押品，并在其他加密货币或Stablecoin中获得贷款。由于缺乏区块链环境中缺乏信誉评估机制，因此需要这种架构：如果不超过贷款金额的资产，所有贷款都被认为是不可靠的。

However, there is a principle difference between DeFi vs centralized crypto lending, as these are two different architectural solutions that have different mechanisms for interacting with users and securing assets.

但是，Defi与集中的加密贷款之间存在主要差异，因为这是两种不同的建筑解决方案，它们具有与用户互动和确保资产互动的不同机制。

In decentralized protocols (DeFi) such as Aave, Compound, Morpho Blue, or FraxLend, the entire lending process is automated through smart contracts. This means that the user interacts directly with the protocol: deposits collateral, initiates a loan, receives tokens or stablecoins, and then repays the loan or replenishes collateral as needed. All actions are recorded on the blockchain, ensuring complete transparency.

在分散的协议（DEFI）中，例如AAVE，化合物，Morpho Blue或Fraxlend，整个贷款过程都是通过智能合约自动化的。这意味着用户直接与该协议进行交互：存款抵押品，发起贷款，获得令牌或稳定币，然后根据需要偿还贷款或补充抵押品。所有操作都记录在区块链上，以确保完全透明度。

Key parameters when lending with DeFi:

借入defi时的关键参数：

* The minimum overcollateralization ratio depends on the protocol and may vary from 110% to 150%. For example, to borrow 1 BTC, you may need to provide 1.2 BTC or 1.5 BTC in collateral, the same or another supported cryptocurrency.

*最小的过度外边比率取决于该方案，可能从110％到150％不等。例如，要借用1 BTC，您可能需要在抵押品中提供1.2 BTC或1.5 BTC，相同或其他支持的加密货币。

* Interest rates are typically variable and adjust automatically based on market demand and the total amount of funds deposited in the protocol's liquidity pool.

*利率通常是可变的，并根据市场需求以及存储在协议流动性库中的资金总量会自动调整。

* The lending process is executed immediately upon sufficient funds being deposited in the protocol and the user meeting the required conditions.

*贷款流程将立即在协议中存入足够的资金和满足所需条件的用户后立即执行。

* Each action, such as depositing, borrowing, or modifying a loan, incurs a gas fee, which is paid in the native chain's cryptocurrency (e.g., ETH on Ethereum).

*每个诉讼，例如存入，借用或修改贷款，都会产生汽油费，这是在本地链的加密货币中支付的（例如，以太坊上的ETH）。

In centralized platforms (CeFi), the principles remain similar, but the management of the process is outsourced to a centralized organization.

在集中式平台（CEFI）中，原理仍然相似，但是该过程的管理将外包给集中组织。

Platforms like Nexo, Ledn, YouHodler, or Binance offer loans in fiat currency or crypto against digital assets. They manage risk through internal liquidation mechanisms and sometimes insurance funds. These services typically require KYC and offer fixed rates.

Nexo，Ledn，Youhodler或Binance等平台提供法定货币或加密货币的贷款。他们通过内部清算机制，有时是保险基金来管理风险。这些服务通常需要KYC并提供固定的价格。