从冷启动到热门发射：空投的战略价值

在传统的Web2世界中，帮助平台发展的早期贡献者很少获得有意义的所有权。当然，有些可能会得到库存选项，但是该过程很复杂，文书工作，通常为员工而不是用户保留。

In the traditional Web2 world, early contributors who help platforms grow rarely receive meaningful ownership. Sure, some might get stock options, but the process is complicated, paperwork-heavy, and typically reserved for employees rather than users.

在传统的Web2世界中，帮助平台发展的早期贡献者很少获得有意义的所有权。当然，有些可能会得到库存选项，但是该过程很复杂，文书工作，通常为员工而不是用户保留。

Web3 has flipped this paradigm on its head.

Web3将此范式翻转了出来。

Through token airdrops, projects distribute up to 50% of their total supply. These tokens go directly to early users and contributors. This creates a new framework for community-based growth.

通过令牌空调，项目分配了多达50％的总供应量。这些令牌直接介绍了早期用户和贡献者。这为基于社区的增长创造了一个新的框架。

From Cold Start to Hot Launch: The Strategic Value of Airdrops

从冷启动到热门发射：空投的战略价值

Every new network faces the dreaded "cold start problem." Without users, a platform has limited value. But if you're new, attracting those initial users is extremely difficult.

每个新网络都面临可怕的“冷启动问题”。没有用户，一个平台的价值有限。但是，如果您是新手，那么吸引这些初始用户将非常困难。

Airdrops offer a powerful solution by providing a way to reward early adopters and create instant communities with aligned incentives.

AirDrops提供了一种强大的解决方案，通过提供一种奖励早期采用者并通过一致激励措施创建即时社区的方法。

As the panel in the a16z "All About Airdrops" podcast notes, airdrops help solve the cold start problem. By distributing tokens to early platform adopters, projects can bootstrap both liquidity and community simultaneously.

正如A16Z“ All oiver airdrops”播客中的面板指出，Airdrops有助于解决冷启动问题。通过将令牌分发给早期平台采用者，项目可以同时引导流动性和社区。

But not all airdrops are created equal. The most successful ones are carefully designed with clear strategic goals that benefit both the project and its community.

但是，并非所有的空投都是平等的。最成功的目标是经过精心设计的，具有明确的战略目标，可以使项目及其社区受益。

Let's examine some case studies that highlight the steps and missteps. This is what I learned in my research.

让我们研究一些案例研究，以突出步骤和失误。这是我在研究中学到的。

Case Studies: Airdrops That Made History

案例研究：使历史的气流

Uniswap: Setting the Standard

UNISWAP：设置标准

When Uniswap distributed its UNI token in September 2020, it created the template that many projects would later follow. The decentralized exchange retroactively rewarded anyone who had used the platform before a specific date. Eligible addresses received 400 UNI tokens (worth approximately $1,400 at the time).

当UNISWAP在2020年9月分发其Uni代币时，它创建了许多项目后来将随之而来的模板。分散的交易所追溯地奖励了在特定日期之前使用该平台的任何人。合格的地址收到了400个Uni令牌（当时价值约1,400美元）。

The Uniswap airdrop accomplished several goals simultaneously. It rewarded loyal users, decentralized governance, and created a committed community.

UNISWAP AIRDROP同时完成了多个目标。它奖励了忠实的用户，分散的治理，并创建了一个坚定的社区。

More importantly, it established a precedent that using new DeFi protocols could lead to valuable rewards, driving adoption across the entire ecosystem.

更重要的是，它确定了一个先例，即使用新的DEFI协议可能会带来宝贵的奖励，从而推动整个生态系统的采用。

Detailed analysis of the UNI airdrop by Dune Analytics (see below) revealed fascinating distribution patterns and onchain behaviors following the event.

Dune Analytics（见下文）对Uni Airdrop进行了详细分析，揭示了事件发生后引人入胜的分布模式和链链行为。

The charts highlighted the successes and the challenges of designing effective token distributions. Community discussions on the Uniswap governance forum (below) further demonstrate how this airdrop set new standards for fairness and inclusivity in token launches.

图表强调了设计有效的令牌分布的成功和挑战。在UNISWAP治理论坛上的社区讨论进一步展示了该空投如何在代币发布中为公平和包容性设定新标准。

For more information, see Dune's UNI Airdrop Analysis and the Uniswap Governance Forum discussion.

有关更多信息，请参见Dune的Uni Airdrop分析和Uniswap治理论坛讨论。

Optimism: Governance-Driven Distribution

乐观：治理驱动的分布

Optimism, an Ethereum Layer 2 scaling solution, approached its airdrop with governance specifically in mind. The project allocated tokens to those who had demonstrated commitment to community governance in the Ethereum ecosystem.

乐观是一种以太坊2层缩放解决方案的乐观情绪，特别考虑了治理。该项目向那些表现出对以太坊生态系统中社区治理承诺的人分配了代币。

Optimism's airdrop rewarded users who voted on proposals. It targeted active DAOs with high governance activity. This approach ensured tokens went to users already engaged in protocol governance. This increased the likelihood they would actively participate in Optimism's DAO.

乐观的空投奖励了对提案进行投票的用户。它针对具有高治理活动的主动道路。这种方法确保令牌向已经参与协议治理的用户提供了。这增加了他们积极参与乐观的可能性。

The project set up two decision-making groups:

该项目建立了两个决策组：

This two-part system helps balance quick decisions with long-term planning, making sure everyone's interests are represented.

这个两部分的系统有助于平衡快速决策与长期计划，确保每个人的兴趣都得到代表。

Optimism had continued to refine its airdrop strategy through multiple distributions, each with evolving criteria to better target valuable community contributors. These sequential airdrops demonstrated how projects could learn and adapt their token distribution mechanisms over time.

乐观情绪继续通过多次分布来完善其空投战略，每种分布都有不断发展的标准，以更好地针对有价值的社区贡献者。这些顺序气流表明，随着时间的推移，项目如何学习和适应其令牌分布机制。

For more information on Optimism's airdrops, see their detailed documentation on:

有关乐观气流的更多信息，请参阅其详细文档：

ENS: Community Ownership

ENS：社区所有权

Ethereum Name Service (ENS) sent tokens to all .eth domain holders. It gave more to those who had set a Primary ENS Name.

以太坊名称服务（ENS）将令牌发送给所有.ETH域持有人。它给那些设置了ENS名称的人提供了更多。

When ENS launched its token in November 2021, users claiming tokens could vote on the ENS Constitution during the first week. This vote was optional and happened off-chain. The constitution outlined rules and guidelines for the community governance system. Users could still claim their tokens even if they chose not to participate in the constitutional vote, and had until May 4, 2022 to complete their claims.

当ENS在2021年11月推出代币时，声称令牌的用户可以在第一周对ENS宪法进行投票。这次投票是可选的，发生了链子。宪法概述了社区治理体系的规则和准则。即使用户选择不参加宪法投票，他们仍然可以声称自己的令牌，并且直到2022年5月4日才能完成索赔。

The ENS airdrop was particularly impactful for early adopters (including myself). Some received allocations worth five or even six figures at distribution (not including myself).

ENS空调对早期采用者（包括我自己）特别有影响力。一些人收到了价值五甚至六位数字的分配（不包括我自己）。

This approach helped establish a broad base of token holders with genuine interest in the protocol's future.

这种方法帮助建立了对协议未来真正兴趣的代币持有人的广泛基础。

Following the success of the initial distribution, community members have actively discussed the possibility of subsequent airdrops to further align incentives and expand governance participation. These ongoing conversations demonstrate how airdrops can evolve from one-time events into recurring mechanisms for community building.

在初始分销成功之后，社区成员积极讨论了随后的空投进一步调整激励措施并扩大治理参与的可能性。这些正在进行的对话表明，气流如何从一次性事件演变为社区建设的反复机制。

For more information on ENS token distribution discussions, see:

有关ENS令牌分发讨论的更多信息，请参见：

BONK: The People's Meme Coin

邦克：人民的模因硬币

BONK emerged as Solana's answer to the dog-themed meme coins that had flourished on Ethereum.

Bonk成为Solana对以太坊上蓬勃发展的以狗为主题的模因硬币的回答。

Unlike many tokens with concentrated ownership, BONK distinguished itself with a uniquely fair distribution. 50% of its total supply was airdropped directly to the Solana community.

与许多具有集中所有权的代币不同，Bonk以独特的公平分发而出名。其总供应量的50％直接向Solana社区提供了空调。

The distribution targeted multiple ecosystem participants.

分布针对多个生态系统参与者。

This broad distribution helped revitalize the Solana

这种广泛的分布有助于振兴索拉纳