KnownOrigin 關閉，引發 NFT 儲存可靠性爭論

KnownOrigin 是自 2018 年成立以來數位藝術領域的主要參與者，但它即將關閉。這項消息引發了人們對星際檔案系統（IPFS）作為 NFT 儲存解決方案的可持續性的擔憂。

NFT platform KnownOrigin is shutting down its on-chain marketplaces and minter, redirecting users to secondary marketplaces. This move has sparked discussions about the reliability and longevity of NFT storage solutions.

NFT 平台 KnownOrigin 正在關閉其鏈上市場和鑄幣廠，將用戶重定向到二級市場。此舉引發了關於 NFT 儲存解決方案的可靠性和壽命的討論。

KnownOrigin, a major player in the digital art space since its inception in 2018, offered artists an avenue to mint, sell, and trade NFTs. The platform's acquisition by eBay in June 2022 for an undisclosed amount was seen by many industry watchers as a strategic move for the e-commerce giant to enter the burgeoning NFT market.

KnownOrigin 自 2018 年成立以來一直是數位藝術領域的主要參與者，為藝術家提供了鑄造、銷售和交易 NFT 的途徑。該平台於 2022 年 6 月被 eBay 收購，收購金額未公開，許多行業觀察家認為，這是這家電子商務巨頭進軍蓬勃發展的 NFT 市場的戰略舉措。

However, signs of trouble emerged on Feb. 20, 2024, when KnownOrigin laid off 30% of its staff, as reported by crypto.news. The layoffs came amid a cooling off of the NFT frenzy that had characterized the crypto space from late 2020 to mid-2022.

然而，根據 crypto.news 報導，2024 年 2 月 20 日，麻煩的跡像出現了，KnownOrigin 解雇了 30% 的員工。此次裁員是在 2020 年底至 2022 年中期加密貨幣領域的 NFT 熱潮降溫之際進行的。

On July 17, KnownOrigin announced through a series of posts on X that it would be winding down its on-chain marketplaces and minter, redirecting users to secondary marketplaces, including OpenSea and Magic Eden.

7 月 17 日，KnownOrigin 透過 X 上的一系列貼文宣布，它將關閉其鏈上市場和鑄幣廠，將用戶重定向到二級市場，包括 OpenSea 和 Magic Eden。

“After careful consideration and evaluation we can confirm KnownOrigin will continue to wind down it’s on-chain marketplaces & minter (and signpost to secondary marketplaces) over the upcoming weeks,” KnownOrigin stated in one of its posts.

「經過仔細考慮和評估，我們可以確認 KnownOrigin 將在未來幾週內繼續減少其鏈上市場和鑄幣商（以及二級市場的路標），」KnownOrigin 在其文章中表示。

The platform also thanked its community for their support and contributions over the years.

該平台也感謝社區多年來的支持和貢獻。

“Thank you for being part of our journey and helping us shape the future of digital art and Web3,” KnownOrigin added.

「感謝您參與我們的旅程並幫助我們塑造數位藝術和 Web3 的未來，」KnownOrigin 補充道。

The KnownOrigin shutdown has raised questions regarding the longevity and security of digital assets, sparking concerns about the sustainability of the InterPlanetary File System (IPFS) as a storage solution for NFTs.

KnownOrigin 的關閉引發了人們對數位資產的壽命和安全性的質疑，引發了人們對星際檔案系統（IPFS）作為 NFT 儲存解決方案的可持續性的擔憂。

In the aftermath of KnownOrigin’s announcement, digital artist Ella, also known as BrightLightArt, took to X to voice her concern.

KnownOrigin 發布消息後，數位藝術家 Ella（也稱為 BrightLightArt）在 X 上表達了她的擔憂。

“Are eBay going to pay the IPFS storage bill, forever? If they stop paying, the art will eventually die,” Ella stated in her post.

「eBay 會永遠支付 IPFS 儲存費用嗎？如果他們停止支付，藝術最終就會消亡，」艾拉在她的貼文中說道。

“We were sold a lie by the platforms. Art on IPFS is not actually onchain at all. The NFT you minted is only a link to an offchain file.”

“我們被平台欺騙了。 IPFS 上的藝術實際上根本不在鏈上。你鑄造的 NFT 只是一個鏈下文件的連結。

Ella's sentiment highlights a critical issue in the NFT ecosystem: the misconception that NFTs and their associated media are entirely on-chain.

Ella 的觀點凸顯了 NFT 生態系統中的一個關鍵問題：人們錯誤地認為 NFT 及其相關媒體完全在鏈上。

According to tech experts, the reality is more complex and less reassuring. Most NFTs are not stored directly on the blockchain. Instead, they contain metadata that points to an off-chain file stored on platforms like IPFS.

技術專家表示，現實更為複雜，也更令人不安。大多數 NFT 並不會直接儲存在區塊鏈上。相反，它們包含指向儲存在 IPFS 等平台上的鏈下檔案的元資料。

While IPFS is a distributed file storage system that aims to be more resilient than traditional web servers, it still has its limitations. For instance, if the entity responsible for hosting the IPFS node goes out of business or stops maintaining the node, the data could become inaccessible, rendering the NFT effectively worthless.

雖然 IPFS 是一種分散式檔案儲存系統，旨在比傳統 Web 伺服器更具彈性，但它仍然有其局限性。例如，如果負責託管 IPFS 節點的實體停業或停止維護該節點，資料可能會變得無法訪問，從而導致 NFT 實際上毫無價值。

In a past post on X, Jonty Wareing, a vocal critic of the current state of NFT storage, shared the results of an extensive analysis of how NFTs reference the media they represent.

在 X 上的一篇文章中，對 NFT 儲存現狀的直言不諱的批評者 Jonty Wareing 分享了對 NFT 如何引用其所代表的媒體進行廣泛分析的結果。

“Out of curiosity I dug into how NFT's actually reference the media you're "buying" and my eyebrows are now orbiting the moon,” Wareing stated in his post.

「出於好奇，我深入研究了 NFT 實際上是如何引用你正在「購買」的媒體的，我的眉毛現在繞著月亮轉，」韋林在他的帖子中說道。

His findings revealed that when you purchase an NFT, you are essentially buying a token that points to a URL on the internet or an IPFS hash. In many cases, this URL points to a JSON metadata file that includes information about the media. This file, in turn, links to the actual media hosted on a server controlled by the NFT platform.

他的發現表明，當你購買 NFT 時，你本質上是在購買一個指向網路上的 URL 或 IPFS 哈希值的代幣。在許多情況下，此 URL 指向包含有關媒體的資訊的 JSON 元資料檔案。該文件又連結到由 NFT 平台控制的伺服器上託管的實際媒體。

Jonty used the example of a Beeple artwork that sold on Nifty Gateway for $66,666. The NFT points to a JSON file hosted on Nifty’s servers. According to Jonty, if Nifty Gateway were to shut down, the token would point to a non-existent file.

Jonty 以 Beeple 藝術品為例，該藝術品在 Nifty Gateway 上售價為 66,666 美元。 NFT 指向 Nifty 伺服器上託管的 JSON 檔案。根據 Jonty 的說法，如果 Nifty Gateway 關閉，令牌將指向一個不存在的檔案。

“This is the NFT you're actually buying,” Jonty explained.

「這就是你實際購買的 NFT，」Jonty 解釋道。

“If Nifty Gateway goes down, this token will point to a non-existent file. Beeple's art will be bricked.”

「如果 Nifty Gateway 發生故障，這個令牌將指向一個不存在的檔案。 Beeple 的藝術將會被磚化。

Jonty also highlighted that even NFTs that use IPFS hashes for storage are only partially secure. While IPFS is a distributed file system, it only serves files as long as there is a node in the network that intentionally keeps hosting the file.

Jonty 也強調，即使使用 IPFS 雜湊值進行儲存的 NFT 也只是部分安全的。雖然 IPFS 是一個分散式檔案系統，但只要網路中有一個節點有意保留託管文件，它就只提供文件服務。

If the startup or the entity responsible for pinning the file to IPFS goes bust, as is the case with KnownOrigin, the file could vanish from the network, similarly leaving the NFT pointing to an inaccessible file.

如果新創公司或負責將文件固定到 IPFS 的實體破產（如 KnownOrigin 的情況），則該文件可能會從網路中消失，同樣使 NFT 指向無法存取的文件。

This dependency on third-party platforms for the longevity of NFT data is a significant vulnerability that needs to be addressed.

NFT 資料的壽命對第三方平台的依賴是一個需要解決的重大漏洞。

“Right now, NFTs are built on an absolute house of cards constructed by the people selling them,” the digital researcher stated.

這位數位研究人員表示：“目前，NFT 完全是建立在由銷售者建造的紙牌屋之上。”

“Every NFT sold so far will likely be bricked in the next ten years. I'm being serious.

「迄今為止售出的所有 NFT 都可能在未來十年內被變磚。我是認真的。