KnownOrigin 关闭，引发 NFT 存储可靠性争论

KnownOrigin 是自 2018 年成立以来数字艺术领域的主要参与者，但它即将关闭。这一消息引发了人们对星际文件系统（IPFS）作为 NFT 存储解决方案的可持续性的担忧。

NFT platform KnownOrigin is shutting down its on-chain marketplaces and minter, redirecting users to secondary marketplaces. This move has sparked discussions about the reliability and longevity of NFT storage solutions.

NFT 平台 KnownOrigin 正在关闭其链上市场和铸币厂，将用户重定向到二级市场。此举引发了关于 NFT 存储解决方案的可靠性和寿命的讨论。

KnownOrigin, a major player in the digital art space since its inception in 2018, offered artists an avenue to mint, sell, and trade NFTs. The platform's acquisition by eBay in June 2022 for an undisclosed amount was seen by many industry watchers as a strategic move for the e-commerce giant to enter the burgeoning NFT market.

KnownOrigin 自 2018 年成立以来一直是数字艺术领域的主要参与者，为艺术家提供了铸造、销售和交易 NFT 的途径。该平台于 2022 年 6 月被 eBay 收购，收购金额未公开，许多行业观察人士认为，这是这家电子商务巨头进军蓬勃发展的 NFT 市场的战略举措。

However, signs of trouble emerged on Feb. 20, 2024, when KnownOrigin laid off 30% of its staff, as reported by crypto.news. The layoffs came amid a cooling off of the NFT frenzy that had characterized the crypto space from late 2020 to mid-2022.

然而，据 crypto.news 报道，2024 年 2 月 20 日，麻烦的迹象出现了，KnownOrigin 解雇了 30% 的员工。此次裁员是在 2020 年底至 2022 年中期加密货币领域的 NFT 热潮降温之际进行的。

On July 17, KnownOrigin announced through a series of posts on X that it would be winding down its on-chain marketplaces and minter, redirecting users to secondary marketplaces, including OpenSea and Magic Eden.

7 月 17 日，KnownOrigin 通过 X 上的一系列帖子宣布，它将关闭其链上市场和铸币厂，将用户重定向到二级市场，包括 OpenSea 和 Magic Eden。

“After careful consideration and evaluation we can confirm KnownOrigin will continue to wind down it’s on-chain marketplaces & minter (and signpost to secondary marketplaces) over the upcoming weeks,” KnownOrigin stated in one of its posts.

“经过仔细考虑和评估，我们可以确认 KnownOrigin 将在未来几周内继续减少其链上市场和铸币商（以及二级市场的路标），”KnownOrigin 在其一篇帖子中表示。

The platform also thanked its community for their support and contributions over the years.

该平台还感谢社区多年来的支持和贡献。

“Thank you for being part of our journey and helping us shape the future of digital art and Web3,” KnownOrigin added.

“感谢您参与我们的旅程并帮助我们塑造数字艺术和 Web3 的未来，”KnownOrigin 补充道。

The KnownOrigin shutdown has raised questions regarding the longevity and security of digital assets, sparking concerns about the sustainability of the InterPlanetary File System (IPFS) as a storage solution for NFTs.

KnownOrigin 的关闭引发了人们对数字资产的寿命和安全性的质疑，引发了人们对星际文件系统（IPFS）作为 NFT 存储解决方案的可持续性的担忧。

In the aftermath of KnownOrigin’s announcement, digital artist Ella, also known as BrightLightArt, took to X to voice her concern.

KnownOrigin 发布消息后，数字艺术家 Ella（也称为 BrightLightArt）在 X 上表达了她的担忧。

“Are eBay going to pay the IPFS storage bill, forever? If they stop paying, the art will eventually die,” Ella stated in her post.

“eBay 会永远支付 IPFS 存储费用吗？如果他们停止支付，艺术最终就会消亡，”艾拉在她的帖子中说道。

“We were sold a lie by the platforms. Art on IPFS is not actually onchain at all. The NFT you minted is only a link to an offchain file.”

“我们被平台欺骗了。 IPFS 上的艺术实际上根本不在链上。你铸造的 NFT 只是一个链下文件的链接。”

Ella's sentiment highlights a critical issue in the NFT ecosystem: the misconception that NFTs and their associated media are entirely on-chain.

Ella 的观点凸显了 NFT 生态系统中的一个关键问题：人们错误地认为 NFT 及其相关媒体完全在链上。

According to tech experts, the reality is more complex and less reassuring. Most NFTs are not stored directly on the blockchain. Instead, they contain metadata that points to an off-chain file stored on platforms like IPFS.

技术专家表示，现实更为复杂，也更令人不安。大多数 NFT 并不直接存储在区块链上。相反，它们包含指向存储在 IPFS 等平台上的链下文件的元数据。

While IPFS is a distributed file storage system that aims to be more resilient than traditional web servers, it still has its limitations. For instance, if the entity responsible for hosting the IPFS node goes out of business or stops maintaining the node, the data could become inaccessible, rendering the NFT effectively worthless.

虽然 IPFS 是一种分布式文件存储系统，旨在比传统 Web 服务器更具弹性，但它仍然有其局限性。例如，如果负责托管 IPFS 节点的实体停业或停止维护该节点，数据可能会变得无法访问，从而导致 NFT 实际上毫无价值。

In a past post on X, Jonty Wareing, a vocal critic of the current state of NFT storage, shared the results of an extensive analysis of how NFTs reference the media they represent.

在 X 上的一篇文章中，对 NFT 存储现状的直言不讳的批评者 Jonty Wareing 分享了对 NFT 如何引用其所代表的媒体进行广泛分析的结果。

“Out of curiosity I dug into how NFT's actually reference the media you're "buying" and my eyebrows are now orbiting the moon,” Wareing stated in his post.

“出于好奇，我深入研究了 NFT 实际上是如何引用你正在“购买”的媒体的，我的眉毛现在绕着月亮转，”韦林在他的帖子中说道。

His findings revealed that when you purchase an NFT, you are essentially buying a token that points to a URL on the internet or an IPFS hash. In many cases, this URL points to a JSON metadata file that includes information about the media. This file, in turn, links to the actual media hosted on a server controlled by the NFT platform.

他的发现显示，当你购买 NFT 时，你本质上是在购买一个指向互联网上的 URL 或 IPFS 哈希的代币。在许多情况下，此 URL 指向包含有关媒体的信息的 JSON 元数据文件。该文件又链接到由 NFT 平台控制的服务器上托管的实际媒体。

Jonty used the example of a Beeple artwork that sold on Nifty Gateway for $66,666. The NFT points to a JSON file hosted on Nifty’s servers. According to Jonty, if Nifty Gateway were to shut down, the token would point to a non-existent file.

Jonty 以 Beeple 艺术品为例，该艺术品在 Nifty Gateway 上售价为 66,666 美元。 NFT 指向 Nifty 服务器上托管的 JSON 文件。根据 Jonty 的说法，如果 Nifty Gateway 关闭，令牌将指向一个不存在的文件。

“This is the NFT you're actually buying,” Jonty explained.

“这就是你实际购买的 NFT，”Jonty 解释道。

“If Nifty Gateway goes down, this token will point to a non-existent file. Beeple's art will be bricked.”

“如果 Nifty Gateway 出现故障，这个令牌将指向一个不存在的文件。 Beeple 的艺术将会被砖化。”

Jonty also highlighted that even NFTs that use IPFS hashes for storage are only partially secure. While IPFS is a distributed file system, it only serves files as long as there is a node in the network that intentionally keeps hosting the file.

Jonty 还强调，即使使用 IPFS 哈希值进行存储的 NFT 也只是部分安全的。虽然 IPFS 是一个分布式文件系统，但只要网络中有一个节点有意保留托管文件，它就只提供文件服务。

If the startup or the entity responsible for pinning the file to IPFS goes bust, as is the case with KnownOrigin, the file could vanish from the network, similarly leaving the NFT pointing to an inaccessible file.

如果初创公司或负责将文件固定到 IPFS 的实体破产（如 KnownOrigin 的情况），该文件可能会从网络中消失，同样使 NFT 指向无法访问的文件。

This dependency on third-party platforms for the longevity of NFT data is a significant vulnerability that needs to be addressed.

NFT 数据的寿命对第三方平台的依赖是一个需要解决的重大漏洞。

“Right now, NFTs are built on an absolute house of cards constructed by the people selling them,” the digital researcher stated.

这位数字研究人员表示：“目前，NFT 完全是建立在由销售者建造的纸牌屋之上。”

“Every NFT sold so far will likely be bricked in the next ten years. I'm being serious.

“迄今为止售出的所有 NFT 都可能在未来十年内被变砖。我是认真的。