以太坊網絡成功激活了Pectra更新

昨天，2025年5月7日，以太坊網絡成功激活了Pectra更新，該更新引入了區塊鏈的重大變化。

Yesterday, May 7, the Pectra update occurred at the beginning of epoch 364,032 at around 12:00 CET. It includes three key proposals to improve Ethereum (EIPs).

昨天，5月7日，pectra更新發生在歐洲核共和分12:00左右的Epoch 364,032開始。它包括改善以太坊（EIP）的三個關鍵建議。

Main Changes in the Pectra Update

Pectra更新的主要變化

The Pectra update introduces smart account functionality at deeper layers of the protocol and improves Ethereum's scalability through Layer 2 solutions.

Pectra更新在協議的更深層次上引入了智能帳戶功能，並通過第2層解決方案提高了以太坊的可擴展性。

Improved Account Abstraction

改進的帳戶抽象

EIP-7702 is a potentially great addition for Ethereum. Account abstraction has so far been unable to gain widespread adoption due to the need to switch wallets.

EIP-7702是以太坊的重要補充。迄今為止，由於需要切換錢包，帳戶抽象無法獲得廣泛採用。

The benefits of implementing such a solution include eliminating approval processes, removing the need to sign each transaction, separating access rights and actions, and enabling automation on behalf of the user. After the update, it will be easier for developers to implement these features.

實施此類解決方案的好處包括消除批准流程，消除簽署每筆交易的需要，將訪問權利和行動分開以及代表用戶啟用自動化。更新後，開發人員更容易實現這些功能。

While account abstraction will not magically lead to mass adoption, it does remove a significant barrier to entry for new users. It provides a Web 2.0-like user experience by hiding many basic elements from users.

儘管帳戶抽像不會神奇地導致大量採用，但它確實消除了新用戶的重大障礙。它通過隱藏用戶的許多基本元素來提供類似Web 2.0的用戶體驗。

The update will pave the way for native, gas-free transactions and simplified user flows. Once this is done, there will no longer be endless ERC-20 approvals, and users will no longer need a native currency such as ETH to pay transaction fees.

該更新將為本機，無氣的交易和簡化的用戶流動鋪平道路。完成此操作後，將不再有無盡的ERC-20批准，並且用戶將不再需要諸如ETH之類的原始貨幣來支付交易費用。

The user experience will be completely redesigned, with permission and delegation systems that will allow wallets to give applications more limited capabilities, thereby improving overall security. For example, the wallet pop-up will not appear every time you interact with OpenSea, the largest NFT marketplace.

通過許可和委託系統將完全重新設計用戶體驗，這將使錢包能夠使應用程序更具有限的功能，從而提高整體安全性。例如，每次您與最大的NFT市場Opensea互動時，錢包彈出窗口都不會出現。

However, the change is not without its drawbacks. Users get one more potentially dangerous thing they can sign, which could be even more devastating than an endorsement for programs that drain cryptocurrency wallets.

但是，更改並非沒有缺點。用戶獲得了可能簽署的另一種潛在危險的東西，這可能比耗盡加密貨幣錢包的程序的認可更具毀滅性。

That said, there is also confidence that there will be no measurable increase in risk. By this point, the industry knows how to create safe contracts, especially with something as minimal as delegating EIP-7702.

也就是說，也有信心認為風險不會有可衡量的增加。至此，該行業知道如何建立安全的合同，尤其是在委派EIP-7702的最低限度的情況下。

Simplifying Institutional Staking

簡化機構的積分

EIP-7002 greatly simplifies the integration of institutional staking without excessive risk. Customers of staking services previously had to obtain a signed message from their staking service provider to be able to exit and safely store it for the future.

EIP-7002極大地簡化了機構的整合而沒有過多風險。以前的Staking Services的客戶必須從其Staking Service提供商那裡獲得簽名的消息，以便能夠退出並安全地存儲它。

Prior to Pectra, stakers could not exit without the involvement of their staking service provider. These messages also could not be generated until approximately 13 hours after the start of this exit delay will now be reduced to approximately 13 minutes.

在加入Pectra之前，如果沒有他們的飼養服務提供商的參與，Stakers就無法退出。這些消息也無法生成，直到此出口延遲開始後約13小時，現在將減少到大約13分鐘。

Delivery of Validator Deposits to the Network

將驗證器存款交付給網絡

Another notable improvement is EIP-6110. It ensures that the execution layer block carries data about new validator deposits to the consensus layer. Validator deposits are new validators joining the Ethereum staking protocol.

另一個值得注意的改進是EIP-6110。它確保執行層塊將有關新驗證器存款的數據傳遞到共識層。驗證器存款是加入以太坊樁協議的新驗證器。

Previously, consensus clients waited for blocks to vote for a Merkle root that summarized the deposits. Now the execution layer block includes a list of new validator deposits.

以前，共識客戶等待塊投票選出總結存款的默克爾根。現在，執行層塊包括新驗證器存款的列表。

This type of update makes changes deep within the Ethereum consensus layer, and its implementation follows client bugs that disrupted the Ethereum Holesky and Sepolia test networks.

這種類型的更新使以太坊共識層的變化深度，其實現遵循破壞以太坊Holesky和Sepolia測試網絡的客戶端錯誤。

The biggest concerns are about client bugs, but respected teams and the Ethereum Foundation are working together to prevent this from happening on the core network.

最大的擔憂是關於客戶錯誤，但是受人尊敬的團隊和以太坊基金會正在共同努力，以防止在核心網絡上發生這種情況。

The Bottom Line

底線

The Pectra update represents an important step in the evolution of the Ethereum ecosystem to improve the usability and efficiency of the network. Smart accounts promise to make it easier for users to interact with decentralized applications, while scalability improvements could lead to lower transaction fees.

Pectra更新代表了以太坊生態系統發展的重要一步，以提高網絡的可用性和效率。智能帳戶承諾使用戶更容易與分散的應用程序進行交互，而可擴展性提高可能會導致交易費用降低。