以太坊网络成功激活了Pectra更新

昨天，2025年5月7日，以太坊网络成功激活了Pectra更新，该更新引入了区块链的重大变化。

Yesterday, May 7, the Pectra update occurred at the beginning of epoch 364,032 at around 12:00 CET. It includes three key proposals to improve Ethereum (EIPs).

昨天，5月7日，pectra更新发生在欧洲核共和分12:00左右的Epoch 364,032开始。它包括改善以太坊（EIP）的三个关键建议。

Main Changes in the Pectra Update

Pectra更新的主要变化

The Pectra update introduces smart account functionality at deeper layers of the protocol and improves Ethereum's scalability through Layer 2 solutions.

Pectra更新在协议的更深层次上引入了智能帐户功能，并通过第2层解决方案提高了以太坊的可扩展性。

Improved Account Abstraction

改进的帐户抽象

EIP-7702 is a potentially great addition for Ethereum. Account abstraction has so far been unable to gain widespread adoption due to the need to switch wallets.

EIP-7702是以太坊的重要补充。迄今为止，由于需要切换钱包，帐户抽象无法获得广泛采用。

The benefits of implementing such a solution include eliminating approval processes, removing the need to sign each transaction, separating access rights and actions, and enabling automation on behalf of the user. After the update, it will be easier for developers to implement these features.

实施此类解决方案的好处包括消除批准流程，消除签署每笔交易的需要，将访问权利和行动分开以及代表用户启用自动化。更新后，开发人员更容易实现这些功能。

While account abstraction will not magically lead to mass adoption, it does remove a significant barrier to entry for new users. It provides a Web 2.0-like user experience by hiding many basic elements from users.

尽管帐户抽象不会神奇地导致大量采用，但它确实消除了新用户的重大障碍。它通过隐藏用户的许多基本元素来提供类似Web 2.0的用户体验。

The update will pave the way for native, gas-free transactions and simplified user flows. Once this is done, there will no longer be endless ERC-20 approvals, and users will no longer need a native currency such as ETH to pay transaction fees.

该更新将为本机，无气的交易和简化的用户流动铺平道路。完成此操作后，将不再有无尽的ERC-20批准，并且用户将不再需要诸如ETH之类的原始货币来支付交易费用。

The user experience will be completely redesigned, with permission and delegation systems that will allow wallets to give applications more limited capabilities, thereby improving overall security. For example, the wallet pop-up will not appear every time you interact with OpenSea, the largest NFT marketplace.

通过许可和委托系统将完全重新设计用户体验，这将使钱包能够使应用程序更具有限的功能，从而提高整体安全性。例如，每次您与最大的NFT市场Opensea互动时，钱包弹出窗口都不会出现。

However, the change is not without its drawbacks. Users get one more potentially dangerous thing they can sign, which could be even more devastating than an endorsement for programs that drain cryptocurrency wallets.

但是，更改并非没有缺点。用户获得了可能签署的另一种潜在危险的东西，这可能比耗尽加密货币钱包的程序的认可更具毁灭性。

That said, there is also confidence that there will be no measurable increase in risk. By this point, the industry knows how to create safe contracts, especially with something as minimal as delegating EIP-7702.

也就是说，也有信心认为风险不会有可衡量的增加。至此，该行业知道如何建立安全的合同，尤其是在委派EIP-7702的最低限度的情况下。

Simplifying Institutional Staking

简化机构的积分

EIP-7002 greatly simplifies the integration of institutional staking without excessive risk. Customers of staking services previously had to obtain a signed message from their staking service provider to be able to exit and safely store it for the future.

EIP-7002极大地简化了机构的整合而没有过多风险。以前的Staking Services的客户必须从其Staking Service提供商那里获得签名的消息，以便能够退出并安全地存储它。

Prior to Pectra, stakers could not exit without the involvement of their staking service provider. These messages also could not be generated until approximately 13 hours after the start of this exit delay will now be reduced to approximately 13 minutes.

在加入Pectra之前，如果没有他们的饲养服务提供商的参与，Stakers就无法退出。这些消息也无法生成，直到此出口延迟开始后约13小时，现在将减少到大约13分钟。

Delivery of Validator Deposits to the Network

将验证器存款交付给网络

Another notable improvement is EIP-6110. It ensures that the execution layer block carries data about new validator deposits to the consensus layer. Validator deposits are new validators joining the Ethereum staking protocol.

另一个值得注意的改进是EIP-6110。它确保执行层块将有关新验证器存款的数据传递到共识层。验证器存款是加入以太坊桩协议的新验证器。

Previously, consensus clients waited for blocks to vote for a Merkle root that summarized the deposits. Now the execution layer block includes a list of new validator deposits.

以前，共识客户等待块投票选出总结存款的默克尔根。现在，执行层块包括新验证器存款的列表。

This type of update makes changes deep within the Ethereum consensus layer, and its implementation follows client bugs that disrupted the Ethereum Holesky and Sepolia test networks.

这种类型的更新使以太坊共识层的变化深度，其实现遵循破坏以太坊Holesky和Sepolia测试网络的客户端错误。

The biggest concerns are about client bugs, but respected teams and the Ethereum Foundation are working together to prevent this from happening on the core network.

最大的担忧是关于客户错误，但是受人尊敬的团队和以太坊基金会正在共同努力，以防止在核心网络上发生这种情况。

The Bottom Line

底线

The Pectra update represents an important step in the evolution of the Ethereum ecosystem to improve the usability and efficiency of the network. Smart accounts promise to make it easier for users to interact with decentralized applications, while scalability improvements could lead to lower transaction fees.

Pectra更新代表了以太坊生态系统发展的重要一步，以提高网络的可用性和效率。智能帐户承诺使用户更容易与分散的应用程序进行交互，而可扩展性提高可能会导致交易费用降低。