數據索引器：釋放多鏈區塊鏈數據力量的關鍵

區塊鏈旨在讓人們能夠更好地控制自己的體驗和財務，而無需集中服務

Blockchain technology is renowned for empowering individuals to exert greater control over their experiences and finances, eliminating the need for centralized services. However, this capability is contingent upon users being able to access the data stored within the blockchain.

區塊鏈技術因使個人能夠更好地控制自己的經驗和財務而聞名，從而消除了對中心化服務的需求。然而，此功能取決於用戶能夠存取儲存在區塊鏈中的資料。

When Satoshi Nakamoto conceived the world's first blockchain, rendering it accessible was a relatively straightforward endeavor. In a multichain landscape comprising hundreds of decentralized networks, this task has become considerably more arduous, especially in the absence of specialized tools for data retrieval.

當中本聰構思世界上第一個區塊鏈時，使其易於存取是一項相對簡單的工作。在由數百個去中心化網路組成的多鏈環境中，這項任務變得更加艱鉅，特別是在缺乏專門的資料檢索工具的情況下。

Despite being inherently open and public, blockchain poses challenges for users attempting to access the data it stores. This difficulty stems from Nakamoto's oversight in not fully considering a world populated by numerous blockchains and Layer-2 networks built upon them. As a result, blockchain lacks a reliable mechanism for users to comprehensively read the data stored within it.

儘管區塊鏈本質上是開放和公開的，但它給試圖存取其儲存的資料的用戶帶來了挑戰。這種困難源自於中本聰的疏忽，沒有充分考慮到一個由眾多區塊鏈和建立在它們之上的第二層網路組成的世界。因此，區塊鏈缺乏可靠的機制讓用戶可以全面讀取其中儲存的資料。

For instance, if a decentralized application (dApp) endeavors to ascertain the history of transactions on Solana, it must navigate more than 300 terabytes of data—a volume that relentlessly expands with each new transaction and block.

例如，如果一個去中心化應用程式 (dApp) 試圖確定 Solana 上的交易歷史，它必須瀏覽超過 300 TB 的資料——這個資料量會隨著每個新交易和區塊而不斷擴大。

The Plight of Storing Data in Blocks

區塊儲存資料的困境

The preferred method for accessing on-chain data is through an RPC node. RPC stands for "remote procedure call" and serves as the protocol employed by individual nodes to communicate with the blockchain.

存取鏈上資料的首選方法是透過 RPC 節點。 RPC 代表“遠端過程呼叫”，作為各個節點與區塊鏈通訊所採用的協定。

Yet, utilizing RPC calls to search the blockchain proves to be a laborious process, owing to the manner in which these decentralized ledgers process and sequentially store their data, adding one block after another.

然而，利用 RPC 呼叫來搜尋區塊鏈被證明是一個費力的過程，因為這些去中心化帳本處理和順序儲存資料的方式，一個接一個地添加區塊。

As more blocks are appended to the blockchain, it grows in length, scattering critical data throughout the chain and categorizing it based on the time of its creation. Unfortunately, this renders blockchains incredibly disorganized.

隨著越來越多的區塊被添加到區塊鏈中，它的長度也會增加，將關鍵數據分散在整個鏈中，並根據其創建時間對其進行分類。不幸的是，這使得區塊鏈變得極為混亂。

While searching for data within a specific block or information pertaining to a particular account remains relatively manageable, more complex searches that span multiple blocks present a significant challenge.

雖然搜尋特定區塊內的資料或與特定帳戶相關的資訊仍然相對易於管理，但跨越多個區塊的更複雜的搜尋提出了重大挑戰。

Due to the dispersed nature of the data, retrieving the necessary information takes an extended period, posing difficulties for dApps that rely on such data to execute their smart contract logic as intended.

由於資料的分散性，檢索必要的資訊需要較長的時間，這給依賴此類資料以預期執行智能合約邏輯的 dApp 帶來了困難。

Although EVM-based chains share an interoperable data scheme that facilitates easier searches, this convenience does not extend to SVM chains and other popular networks. Consequently, anyone working with data at multichain scales encounters substantial headaches.

儘管基於 EVM 的鏈共享可互通的資料方案，使搜尋變得更加容易，但這種便利性並沒有擴展到 SVM 鍊和其他流行的網路。因此，任何處理多鏈規模資料的人都會遇到很大的麻煩。

Who Stands to Benefit from Blockchain Data?

誰會從區塊鏈數據中受益？

Access to blockchain data is paramount for modern dApps, as it enables their most advanced features, including analytics tools and smart contracts.

存取區塊鏈數據對於現代 dApp 至關重要，因為它支援其最先進的功能，包括分析工具和智慧合約。

For example, DeFi applications can be vastly improved by accessing multichain data, as this allows them to tap into much greater liquidity, ultimately providing a better experience for users, with real-time updates about what’s happening across numerous blockchains. NFT marketplaces can also benefit from being able to access blockchain data, as this will enable them to provide users with more insights about collections on different chains, their prices and what people are doing with them.

例如，透過存取多鏈數據可以極大地改進 DeFi 應用程序，因為這使它們能夠利用更大的流動性，最終為用戶提供更好的體驗，並即時更新多個區塊鏈上發生的情況。 NFT 市場還可以從能夠存取區塊鏈數據中受益，因為這將使他們能夠為用戶提供有關不同鏈上的集合、其價格以及人們如何使用它們的更多見解。

Another example is SocialFi protocols such as Farcaster and Lens, which need to store much more than just transaction details, such as all of the information about who is following who and what those people are posting and saying to each other. Fetching all of this data involves some serious searching.

另一個例子是 Farcaster 和 Lens 等 SocialFi 協議，它們需要存儲的不僅僅是交易詳細信息，例如有關誰在關注誰以及這些人彼此發布和交談的內容的所有信息。獲取所有這些數據需要進行一些認真的搜索。

Furthermore, there are countless scenarios in which easy-to-access blockchain data can pave the way for even more advanced use cases, such as decentralized AI. For instance, large language models could use on-chain data such as social graphs to curate content, identify trends and generate participant’s reputation scores, based on their previous blockchain interactions.

此外，在無數場景中，易於存取的區塊鏈資料可以為更高級的用例（例如去中心化人工智慧）鋪平道路。例如，大型語言模型可以使用社交圖譜等鏈上資料來根據參與者先前的區塊鏈互動來策劃內容、識別趨勢並產生參與者的聲譽評分。

Blockchain is poised to become the foundation of a new generation of more sophisticated dApps, but in order for that vision to become a reality, developers need an easy way to access them.

區塊鏈有望成為新一代更複雜的 dApp 的基礎，但為了使這個願景成為現實，開發人員需要一種簡單的方法來存取它們。

Easing Access with Data Indexers

使用數據索引器輕鬆存取

The gateway to the blockchain data kingdom lies in data indexers, which are protocols that index the entire contents of a blockchain network by scanning every block posted to it. They store this information in a format that’s more consistent and simpler to query, something more akin to an SQL database, for instance. Some of the main examples of these data indexers include The Graph and SQD.

區塊鏈資料王國的入口網站在於資料索引器，這些協定透過掃描發佈到區塊鏈網路的每個區塊來索引區塊鏈網路的全部內容。他們以更一致、更易於查詢的格式儲存這些信息，例如更類似於 SQL 資料庫的格式。這些資料索引器的一些主要範例包括 The Graph 和 SQD。

Blockchain data indexers are decentralized protocols that perform the role of the middleman when it comes to searching blockchains, making the information within them more easily accessible for developers.

區塊鏈數據索引器是去中心化協議，在搜尋區塊鏈時扮演中間人的角色，使開發人員更容易存取其中的資訊。

The advantage of data indexers is that blockchain data can be stored in a more logical, searchable way. So a smart contract, for instance, can be stored alongside all of the transaction IDs and block numbers associated with it, making that information easier to retrieve.

資料索引器的優點是區塊鏈資料可以以更符合邏輯、可搜尋的方式儲存。例如，智能合約可以與所有交易 ID 和與其關聯的區塊號一起存儲，從而使該資訊更易於檢索。

Data indexers are written in high-performance code that’s designed to facilitate rapid queries, and they consist of a database to store that data in a more logically organized way, plus APIs for accessing that database. They also require an archive node that keeps fetching any new transactions as blocks are added to the chain, ensuring they’re able to access the most up to date information.

資料索引器是用高效能程式碼編寫的，旨在促進快速查詢，它們由一個以更邏輯組織的方式儲存資料的資料庫以及用於存取該資料庫的 API 組成。他們還需要一個存檔節點，當區塊添加到鏈中時，該節點不斷獲取任何新交易，以確保他們能夠存取最新的資訊。

With a data indexer, developers won’t have to worry about what’s happening on the multiple

有了資料索引器，開發人員就不必擔心多個資料上發生了什麼