比特幣，量子計算機和密碼學：紐約市量詞後景觀

探索比特幣，量子計算機和加密的交集：評估量子世界中數字資產的威脅，遷移策略和未來。

The buzz around 'Bitcoin, Quantum computers, Cryptography' is heating up, and for good reason. Recent advancements in quantum computing are forcing us to confront a potentially seismic shift in the world of digital security. Are our precious Bitcoins safe? Let’s dive in, New York style.

圍繞“比特幣，量子計算機，密碼學”的嗡嗡聲正在加熱，這是有充分理由的。量子計算的最新進展迫使我們面對數字安全世界的潛在地震轉變。我們的珍貴比特幣安全嗎？讓我們潛入紐約風格。

The Quantum Threat to Bitcoin: A Real Concern?

對比特幣的量子威脅：一個真正的問題？

Quantum computers, with their mind-boggling computational power, pose a significant threat to current cryptographic methods. Specifically, they could crack Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC), the very foundation of Bitcoin's security. Imagine a world where those secure digital signatures are suddenly... not so secure. It's like finding out the lock on your apartment door can be picked with a paperclip.

量子計算機具有令人難以置信的計算能力，對當前的加密方法構成了重大威脅。具體而言，它們可能破解橢圓曲線密碼學（ECC），這是比特幣安全性的基礎。想像一個世界，那些安全的數字簽名突然突然……不是那麼安全。這就像發現您的公寓門上的鎖可以用紙袋挑選。

How Big is the Risk, Really?

風險有多大？

Approximately 6.51 million Bitcoin, valued at over $700 billion, are potentially vulnerable to quantum attacks. That’s a hefty chunk, about 32.7% of the current supply. The primary risks stem from address reuse and certain script types that expose public keys, making them sitting ducks for quantum hackers.

價值超過7000億美元的比特幣約為651萬比特幣，可能容易受到量子攻擊的影響。這是一個很大的一部分，約佔當前供應的32.7％。主要風險源於地址重複使用和某些暴露公共鑰匙的腳本類型，使它們坐在量子黑客的鴨子上。

Two Fronts: Mining and Signatures

兩個方面：採礦和簽名

Quantum computing threatens Bitcoin on two major fronts: mining and transaction signatures. Quantum mining could give a huge advantage to those with access to large-scale quantum hardware, potentially centralizing the mining process. More immediately concerning is the risk to transaction signatures. A powerful quantum computer could derive private keys from public keys, leading to outright theft of funds.

量子計算威脅到兩個主要方面的比特幣：採礦和交易標誌。量子採礦可以為那些獲得大規模量子硬件的人帶來巨大優勢，並有可能集中採礦過程。直接關注交易簽名的風險。強大的量子計算機可以從公共鑰匙中獲取私鑰，從而導致資金徹底盜竊。

Migration Strategies: How Do We Protect Our Bitcoin?

遷移策略：我們如何保護比特幣？

The good news is that the Bitcoin community is not sitting still. A dual-track migration strategy is being considered. Funds stored in hashed address types (like P2PKH or P2WPKH) without address reuse are already somewhat protected. However, spending those funds securely in a post-quantum world requires new infrastructure.

好消息是，比特幣社區並沒有靜止。正在考慮一種雙軌遷移策略。存儲在沒有地址重複使用的沒有地址的Hashed地址類型（例如P2PKH或P2WPKH）中的資金已經受到保護。但是，將這些資金牢固地在後量子世界的世界中牢固地支出需要新的基礎設施。

The Philosophical Dilemma: To Burn or To Steal?

哲學困難：要燃燒還是偷？

Here’s where it gets philosophical. Should quantum-vulnerable funds be made permanently unspendable (burned), or should they remain accessible to quantum computers (effectively, stolen)? Burning the funds would be a conservative fix, preventing wealth redistribution to quantum hackers. But allowing quantum theft raises questions about property rights and whether we should confiscate assets from users who may be unaware of the threat. This is a biggie, and a decision will define Bitcoin's governance model.

這是它變得哲學上的地方。是否應該將量子可容納的資金永久不可承擔（燃燒），或者是否應該保持量子計算機（有效地被盜）的訪問權限？燃燒資金將是一個保守的解決方案，以防止財富重新分配到量子黑客。但是，允許量子盜竊會引發有關財產權的問題，以及我們是否應該沒收可能不知道威脅的用戶的資產。這是一個大事，一個決定將定義比特幣的治理模型。

The Clock is Ticking, But There's Still Time

時鐘在滴答作響，但還有時間

While quantum computers aren’t yet breaking into our digital wallets, preparation is key. The Bitcoin community needs to stay informed, assess risks, and explore mitigation strategies. Two areas that warrant immediate attention: stopping address reuse and deciding on the

雖然量子計算機尚未闖入我們的數字錢包，但準備工作是關鍵。比特幣社區需要保持知情，評估風險並探索緩解策略。值得立即關注的兩個領域：停止地址再利用並決定