比特币，量子计算机和密码学：纽约市量词后景观

探索比特币，量子计算机和加密的交集：评估量子世界中数字资产的威胁，迁移策略和未来。

The buzz around 'Bitcoin, Quantum computers, Cryptography' is heating up, and for good reason. Recent advancements in quantum computing are forcing us to confront a potentially seismic shift in the world of digital security. Are our precious Bitcoins safe? Let’s dive in, New York style.

围绕“比特币，量子计算机，密码学”的嗡嗡声正在加热，这是有充分理由的。量子计算的最新进展迫使我们面对数字安全世界的潜在地震转变。我们的珍贵比特币安全吗？让我们潜入纽约风格。

The Quantum Threat to Bitcoin: A Real Concern?

对比特币的量子威胁：一个真正的问题？

Quantum computers, with their mind-boggling computational power, pose a significant threat to current cryptographic methods. Specifically, they could crack Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC), the very foundation of Bitcoin's security. Imagine a world where those secure digital signatures are suddenly... not so secure. It's like finding out the lock on your apartment door can be picked with a paperclip.

量子计算机具有令人难以置信的计算能力，对当前的加密方法构成了重大威胁。具体而言，它们可能破解椭圆曲线密码学（ECC），这是比特币安全性的基础。想象一个世界，那些安全的数字签名突然突然……不是那么安全。这就像发现您的公寓门上的锁可以用纸袋挑选。

How Big is the Risk, Really?

风险有多大？

Approximately 6.51 million Bitcoin, valued at over $700 billion, are potentially vulnerable to quantum attacks. That’s a hefty chunk, about 32.7% of the current supply. The primary risks stem from address reuse and certain script types that expose public keys, making them sitting ducks for quantum hackers.

价值超过7000亿美元的比特币约为651万比特币，可能容易受到量子攻击的影响。这是一个很大的一部分，约占当前供应的32.7％。主要风险源于地址重复使用和某些暴露公共钥匙的脚本类型，使它们坐在量子黑客的鸭子上。

Two Fronts: Mining and Signatures

两个方面：采矿和签名

Quantum computing threatens Bitcoin on two major fronts: mining and transaction signatures. Quantum mining could give a huge advantage to those with access to large-scale quantum hardware, potentially centralizing the mining process. More immediately concerning is the risk to transaction signatures. A powerful quantum computer could derive private keys from public keys, leading to outright theft of funds.

量子计算威胁到两个主要方面的比特币：采矿和交易标志。量子采矿可以为那些获得大规模量子硬件的人带来巨大优势，并有可能集中采矿过程。直接关注交易签名的风险。强大的量子计算机可以从公共钥匙中获取私钥，从而导致资金彻底盗窃。

Migration Strategies: How Do We Protect Our Bitcoin?

迁移策略：我们如何保护比特币？

The good news is that the Bitcoin community is not sitting still. A dual-track migration strategy is being considered. Funds stored in hashed address types (like P2PKH or P2WPKH) without address reuse are already somewhat protected. However, spending those funds securely in a post-quantum world requires new infrastructure.

好消息是，比特币社区并没有静止。正在考虑一种双轨迁移策略。存储在没有地址重复使用的没有地址的Hashed地址类型（例如P2PKH或P2WPKH）中的资金已经受到保护。但是，将这些资金牢固地在后量子世界的世界中牢固地支出需要新的基础设施。

The Philosophical Dilemma: To Burn or To Steal?

哲学困难：要燃烧还是偷？

Here’s where it gets philosophical. Should quantum-vulnerable funds be made permanently unspendable (burned), or should they remain accessible to quantum computers (effectively, stolen)? Burning the funds would be a conservative fix, preventing wealth redistribution to quantum hackers. But allowing quantum theft raises questions about property rights and whether we should confiscate assets from users who may be unaware of the threat. This is a biggie, and a decision will define Bitcoin's governance model.

这是它变得哲学上的地方。是否应该将量子可容纳的资金永久不可承担（燃烧），或者是否应该保持量子计算机（有效地被盗）的访问权限？燃烧资金将是一个保守的解决方案，以防止财富重新分配到量子黑客。但是，允许量子盗窃会引发有关财产权的问题，以及我们是否应该没收可能不知道威胁的用户的资产。这是一个大事，一个决定将定义比特币的治理模型。

The Clock is Ticking, But There's Still Time

时钟在滴答作响，但还有时间

While quantum computers aren’t yet breaking into our digital wallets, preparation is key. The Bitcoin community needs to stay informed, assess risks, and explore mitigation strategies. Two areas that warrant immediate attention: stopping address reuse and deciding on the

虽然量子计算机尚未闯入我们的数字钱包，但准备工作是关键。比特币社区需要保持知情，评估风险并探索缓解策略。值得立即关注的两个领域：停止地址再利用并决定