比特幣，第2層和閃電網絡：數字交易的新時代

探索比特幣第2層解決方案中的最新進步，重點關注閃電網絡和Taproot資產，以實現高效，安全和低成本的數字交易。

The Lightning Network is evolving! With innovations like Taproot Assets, Bitcoin's Layer 2 is becoming a hub for secure, low-cost, multi-asset instant transfers.

閃電網絡正在發展！隨著Taproot資產等創新，比特幣的第2層正在成為安全，低成本，多資產即時轉移的樞紐。

Lightning Network: The Foundation

閃電網絡：基礎

Originally proposed in 2015, the Lightning Network utilizes payment channels to enable faster and cheaper Bitcoin transactions. Key implementations are driven by Blockstream (CLN), Lightning Labs (LND), ACINQ (Eclair), and Spiral (LDK). The core innovation lies in bidirectional payment channels without hard expiration dates and the use of Hash-timelock Contracts (HTLCs) for atomic routing of payments.

Lightning Network最初提議於2015年提議，利用付款渠道實現更快，更便宜的比特幣交易。關鍵實現由塊（CLN），閃電實驗室（LND），Acinq（Eclair）和螺旋（LDK）驅動。核心創新在於雙向支付渠道而無需硬到期日期和使用哈希 - timelock合同（HTLC）用於原子付款路線。

While liquidity dynamics present a challenge, requiring users to pre-allocate funds to receive payments, the Lightning Network has experienced significant growth since its launch in 2018.

儘管流動性動態帶來了挑戰，要求用戶將資金預先分配以獲得付款，但自2018年推出以來，閃電網絡已經歷了顯著增長。

Poon-Dryja Channels and Revocation Keys

Poon-Dryja頻道和吊銷鍵

Poon-Dryja channels address the limitations of unidirectional payment channels by introducing revocation keys. These keys incentivize parties to avoid using outdated transactions. Each party has commitment transactions, and updates require exchanging revocation keys for past transactions. Attempting to cheat by submitting an old transaction allows the victim to confiscate all funds from that old channel state.

Poon-Dryja渠道通過引入吊銷密鑰來解決單向支付渠道的局限性。這些密鑰激勵各方避免使用過時的交易。各方都有承諾交易，並且更新需要交換吊銷過去的交易。試圖通過提交舊交易來作弊，使受害者可以從該舊渠道狀態中沒收所有資金。

Hash-timelock Contracts (HTLCs) for Secure Routing

哈希 - 托馬洛克合同（HTLC）用於安全路由

HTLCs are crucial for securely routing payments across multiple payment channels. They create an output that can be spent either by the receiver providing a preimage to a hashlock or by the sender after a timelock expires. This mechanism allows for atomic swaps of assets and ensures that payments are securely routed across the network. The timelock gets longer at each hop from the receiver back to the sender, ensuring that parties can detect the preimage on-chain if a channel closes unexpectedly.

HTLC對於跨多個付款渠道的安全路由付款至關重要。他們創建一個輸出，可以由接收器花費，該輸出可以在時間索克到期後提供預先映射到hashlock或發件人。這種機制允許資產的原子掉期交換，並確保付款在整個網絡中牢固路由。從接收器回到發件人的每個跳躍中，時間曲目的時間更長，確保當事方可以檢測到頻道意外關閉的鍊鍊。

Gossip Protocol and Onion Routing for Network Awareness

八卦協議和網絡意識的洋蔥路由

The gossip protocol enables Lightning nodes to understand the network's topology, crucial for routing payments. Nodes broadcast information about themselves and their channels, allowing wallets to identify viable routes. This protocol uses channel announcements, node announcements, and channel updates to propagate network information.

八卦協議使閃電節點能夠了解網絡的拓撲，這對於路由付款至關重要。節點廣播有關自己和渠道的信息，使錢包可以識別可行的路線。該協議使用頻道公告，節點公告和頻道更新來傳播網絡信息。

Every message related to payment routing is onion routed, providing privacy by encrypting messages at each hop. Each participant only sees their immediate neighbors, not the ultimate source or destination.

與付款路由相關的每個消息都是洋蔥路由的，通過在每個躍點上加密消息來提供隱私。每個參與者只看到他們的直接鄰居，而不是最終的來源或目的地。

Taproot Assets: Expanding the Lightning Network's Capabilities

Taproot資產：擴展閃電網絡的功能

Taproot Assets represent a new frontier, enabling a multi-asset protocol on the Bitcoin mainnet. Lightning Labs' v0.6 release opens doors for stablecoins and low-cost instant payments.

Taproot Assets代表了一個新的邊境，可以在比特幣主網上使用多資產協議。 Lightning Labs的v0.6發布可打開用於穩定幣和低成本即時付款的門。

Stablecoins on Lightning: Instant and Affordable

閃電上的穩定幣：即時且負擔得起

Taproot Assets v0.6 integrates stablecoins like Tether's USDT, enabling faster and cheaper global transfers. This allows users to leverage the Lightning Network's speed and efficiency for a wider range of digital assets, ensuring transparency and security.

Taproot Assets v0.6集成了Tether的USDT等穩定股，使全球轉移更快，更便宜。這使用戶可以利用閃電網絡的速度和效率來為更廣泛的數字資產範圍，從而確保透明度和安全性。

The group_key Identifier: Simplifying Asset Management

Group_key標識符：簡化資產管理

The new group_key identifier simplifies operations with fungible assets by grouping tokens with similar characteristics, improving user experience and security across wallets and platforms.

新的Group_key標識符通過對具有相似特徵的令牌進行分組，改善錢包和平台的用戶體驗和安全性，簡化了具有可函數資產的操作。

Request for Quote (RFQ) Protocol: Seamless Currency Conversions

請求報價（RFQ）協議：無縫貨幣轉換

Enhancements to the RFQ protocol facilitate smooth conversions between different digital currencies. Users can send and receive various currencies without intermediaries, streamlining operations and breaking down barriers in the global economy.

RFQ協議的增強功能有助於不同的數字貨幣之間的平穩轉換。用戶可以在沒有中介機構的情況下發送和接收各種貨幣，簡化運營並打破全球經濟的障礙。

Bitcoin Hyper: A Layer-2 Protocol Leveraging Solana

比特幣超級：利用Solana的第2層協議

Bitcoin Hyper aims to be Bitcoin's first full-fledged Layer-2 execution network, using the Solana Virtual Machine (SVM) for high speed and reliability. This allows for theoretical throughput above 60,000 transactions per second, enabling complex DeFi protocols, NFTs, and Web3 dApps on Bitcoin.

比特幣Hyper的目標是使用Solana Virtual Machine（SVM）成為比特幣的第一個完整的第2層執行網絡，以高速和可靠性。這允許理論上的吞吐量每秒超過60,000個交易，從而在比特幣上實現了複雜的DEFI協議，NFT和Web3 Dapps。

The transfer of value between Bitcoin and Bitcoin Hyper occurs via an independent bridge, allowing users to deposit BTC on Layer 1 and receive wrapped BTC on Hyper's network.

比特幣和比特幣之間的價值傳輸是通過獨立的橋樑發生的，使用戶可以將BTC存入第1層，並在Hyper網絡上接收包裹的BTC。

Final Thoughts

最後的想法

From humble beginnings to multi-asset functionality, the Lightning Network is rapidly evolving. While barriers to entry still exist, its effectiveness as a settlement layer is undeniable. With Taproot Assets and innovative projects like Bitcoin Hyper, the future of Bitcoin and Layer 2 looks brighter than ever. Who knows, maybe one day we'll all be zapping sats for our morning coffee without even thinking about it. How cool is that?

從謙虛的開端到多資產的功能，閃電網絡正在迅速發展。儘管進入障礙仍然存在，但其作為定居層的有效性是不可否認的。隨著Taproot資產和創新項目（例如比特幣Hyper），比特幣和第2層的未來看起來比以往任何時候都更明亮。誰知道，也許有一天我們都在不考慮早上的咖啡中sats坐了下來。那有多酷？