比特币，第2层和闪电网络：数字交易的新时代

探索比特币第2层解决方案中的最新进步，重点关注闪电网络和Taproot资产，以实现高效，安全和低成本的数字交易。

The Lightning Network is evolving! With innovations like Taproot Assets, Bitcoin's Layer 2 is becoming a hub for secure, low-cost, multi-asset instant transfers.

闪电网络正在发展！随着Taproot资产等创新，比特币的第2层正在成为安全，低成本，多资产即时转移的枢纽。

Lightning Network: The Foundation

闪电网络：基础

Originally proposed in 2015, the Lightning Network utilizes payment channels to enable faster and cheaper Bitcoin transactions. Key implementations are driven by Blockstream (CLN), Lightning Labs (LND), ACINQ (Eclair), and Spiral (LDK). The core innovation lies in bidirectional payment channels without hard expiration dates and the use of Hash-timelock Contracts (HTLCs) for atomic routing of payments.

Lightning Network最初提议于2015年提议，利用付款渠道实现更快，更便宜的比特币交易。关键实现由块（CLN），闪电实验室（LND），Acinq（Eclair）和螺旋（LDK）驱动。核心创新在于双向支付渠道而无需硬到期日期和使用哈希 - timelock合同（HTLC）用于原子付款路线。

While liquidity dynamics present a challenge, requiring users to pre-allocate funds to receive payments, the Lightning Network has experienced significant growth since its launch in 2018.

尽管流动性动态带来了挑战，要求用户将资金预先分配以获得付款，但自2018年推出以来，闪电网络已经历了显着增长。

Poon-Dryja Channels and Revocation Keys

Poon-Dryja频道和吊销键

Poon-Dryja channels address the limitations of unidirectional payment channels by introducing revocation keys. These keys incentivize parties to avoid using outdated transactions. Each party has commitment transactions, and updates require exchanging revocation keys for past transactions. Attempting to cheat by submitting an old transaction allows the victim to confiscate all funds from that old channel state.

Poon-Dryja渠道通过引入吊销密钥来解决单向支付渠道的局限性。这些密钥激励各方避免使用过时的交易。各方都有承诺交易，并且更新需要交换吊销过去的交易。试图通过提交旧交易来作弊，使受害者可以从该旧渠道状态中没收所有资金。

Hash-timelock Contracts (HTLCs) for Secure Routing

哈希 - 托马洛克合同（HTLC）用于安全路由

HTLCs are crucial for securely routing payments across multiple payment channels. They create an output that can be spent either by the receiver providing a preimage to a hashlock or by the sender after a timelock expires. This mechanism allows for atomic swaps of assets and ensures that payments are securely routed across the network. The timelock gets longer at each hop from the receiver back to the sender, ensuring that parties can detect the preimage on-chain if a channel closes unexpectedly.

HTLC对于跨多个付款渠道的安全路由付款至关重要。他们创建一个输出，可以由接收器花费，该输出可以在时间索克到期后提供预先映射到hashlock或发件人。这种机制允许资产的原子掉期交换，并确保付款在整个网络中牢固路由。从接收器回到发件人的每个跳跃中，时间曲目的时间更长，确保当事方可以检测到频道意外关闭的链链。

Gossip Protocol and Onion Routing for Network Awareness

八卦协议和网络意识的洋葱路由

The gossip protocol enables Lightning nodes to understand the network's topology, crucial for routing payments. Nodes broadcast information about themselves and their channels, allowing wallets to identify viable routes. This protocol uses channel announcements, node announcements, and channel updates to propagate network information.

八卦协议使闪电节点能够了解网络的拓扑，这对于路由付款至关重要。节点广播有关自己和渠道的信息，使钱包可以识别可行的路线。该协议使用频道公告，节点公告和频道更新来传播网络信息。

Every message related to payment routing is onion routed, providing privacy by encrypting messages at each hop. Each participant only sees their immediate neighbors, not the ultimate source or destination.

与付款路由相关的每个消息都是洋葱路由的，通过在每个跃点上加密消息来提供隐私。每个参与者只看到他们的直接邻居，而不是最终的来源或目的地。

Taproot Assets: Expanding the Lightning Network's Capabilities

Taproot资产：扩展闪电网络的功能

Taproot Assets represent a new frontier, enabling a multi-asset protocol on the Bitcoin mainnet. Lightning Labs' v0.6 release opens doors for stablecoins and low-cost instant payments.

Taproot Assets代表了一个新的边境，可以在比特币主网上使用多资产协议。 Lightning Labs的v0.6发布可打开用于稳定币和低成本即时付款的门。

Stablecoins on Lightning: Instant and Affordable

闪电上的稳定币：即时且负担得起

Taproot Assets v0.6 integrates stablecoins like Tether's USDT, enabling faster and cheaper global transfers. This allows users to leverage the Lightning Network's speed and efficiency for a wider range of digital assets, ensuring transparency and security.

Taproot Assets v0.6集成了Tether的USDT等稳定股，使全球转移更快，更便宜。这使用户可以利用闪电网络的速度和效率来为更广泛的数字资产范围，从而确保透明度和安全性。

The group_key Identifier: Simplifying Asset Management

Group_key标识符：简化资产管理

The new group_key identifier simplifies operations with fungible assets by grouping tokens with similar characteristics, improving user experience and security across wallets and platforms.

新的Group_key标识符通过对具有相似特征的令牌进行分组，改善钱包和平台的用户体验和安全性，简化了具有可函数资产的操作。

Request for Quote (RFQ) Protocol: Seamless Currency Conversions

请求报价（RFQ）协议：无缝货币转换

Enhancements to the RFQ protocol facilitate smooth conversions between different digital currencies. Users can send and receive various currencies without intermediaries, streamlining operations and breaking down barriers in the global economy.

RFQ协议的增强功能有助于不同的数字货币之间的平稳转换。用户可以在没有中介机构的情况下发送和接收各种货币，简化运营并打破全球经济的障碍。

Bitcoin Hyper: A Layer-2 Protocol Leveraging Solana

比特币超级：利用Solana的第2层协议

Bitcoin Hyper aims to be Bitcoin's first full-fledged Layer-2 execution network, using the Solana Virtual Machine (SVM) for high speed and reliability. This allows for theoretical throughput above 60,000 transactions per second, enabling complex DeFi protocols, NFTs, and Web3 dApps on Bitcoin.

比特币Hyper的目标是使用Solana Virtual Machine（SVM）成为比特币的第一个完整的第2层执行网络，以高速和可靠性。这允许理论上的吞吐量每秒超过60,000个交易，从而在比特币上实现了复杂的DEFI协议，NFT和Web3 Dapps。

The transfer of value between Bitcoin and Bitcoin Hyper occurs via an independent bridge, allowing users to deposit BTC on Layer 1 and receive wrapped BTC on Hyper's network.

比特币和比特币之间的价值传输是通过独立的桥梁发生的，使用户可以将BTC存入第1层，并在Hyper网络上接收包裹的BTC。

Final Thoughts

最后的想法

From humble beginnings to multi-asset functionality, the Lightning Network is rapidly evolving. While barriers to entry still exist, its effectiveness as a settlement layer is undeniable. With Taproot Assets and innovative projects like Bitcoin Hyper, the future of Bitcoin and Layer 2 looks brighter than ever. Who knows, maybe one day we'll all be zapping sats for our morning coffee without even thinking about it. How cool is that?

从谦虚的开端到多资产的功能，闪电网络正在迅速发展。尽管进入障碍仍然存在，但其作为定居层的有效性是不可否认的。随着Taproot资产和创新项目（例如比特币Hyper），比特币和第2层的未来看起来比以往任何时候都更明亮。谁知道，也许有一天我们都在不考虑早上的咖啡中sats坐了下来。那有多酷？