比特幣的加密韌性正面臨著更新的問題

在Google研究人員建議量子計算機可能能夠破壞其加密後，比特幣的加密韌性正面臨著更新的問題

Bitcoin’s cryptographic resilience is facing renewed questions after a Google researcher suggested that quantum computers may be capable of breaking its encryption far sooner than expected.

在Google研究人員建議量子計算機可能能夠比預期的要早得多，比特幣的加密韌性正面臨著更新的問題。

Craig Gidney, a leading quantum computing researcher at Google, has published new findings suggesting that the hardware requirements to break 2048-bit RSA encryption, a key mathematical element similar to that of Bitcoin, have dropped significantly.

Google領先的量子計算研究人員Craig Gidney發表了新的發現，表明打破2048位RSA加密的硬件要求，這是一種與比特幣相似的關鍵數學元素，已經大大降低。

Earlier estimates placed the threshold at 20 million noisy qubits, but the new projection requires fewer than one million.

較早的估計使該門檻處於2000萬個嘈雜的Qubits，但新的預測需要不到一百萬。

The reduced computational burden marks a significant leap in quantum capability, although it might take several days instead of a few hours.

減少的計算負擔標誌著量子能力的顯著飛躍，儘管可能需要幾天而不是幾個小時。

The Google researcher attributes the advancement to more refined quantum algorithms and enhanced error correction techniques that reduce the number of physical qubits needed by encoding logical qubits more efficiently.

Google研究人員將進步歸因於更精緻的量子算法和增強的誤差校正技術，從而減少了通過更有效地編碼邏輯量子的物理量子數的數量。

Bitcoin’s quantum computing frailties

比特幣的量子計算脆弱性

The revelations come as concerns grow over the pace of quantum computing development. Last year, Google unveiled its Willow chip, a next-generation quantum processor that many believe brought real-world threats to digital security closer than previously assumed.

隨著量子計算開發的速度不斷增長的擔憂，啟示成朗。去年，Google推出了其Willow Chip，這是一個下一代量子處理器，許多人認為，對數字安全的現實威脅比以前的假設更加接近。

In response, major financial institutions are updating their disclosures. For instance, BlackRock recently flagged quantum computing as a material risk for its Bitcoin ETF product, IBIT.

作為回應，主要的金融機構正在更新其披露。例如，貝萊德最近將量子計算作為其比特幣ETF產品IBIT的物質風險。

According to the firm:

根據公司的說法：

“If quantum computing technology is able to advance and significantly increase its capacity relative to the capacity of today’s leading quantum computers, it could potentially undermine the viability of many of the cryptographic algorithms used across the world’s information technology infrastructure, including the cryptographic algorithms used for digital assets like Bitcoin.”

“如果量子計算技術能夠相對於當今領先的量子計算機的能力提高並顯著提高其能力，那麼它可能會破壞世界信息技術基礎架構中使用的許多加密算法的生存能力，包括用於比特幣等數字資產的加密算法。”

This shift reflects growing awareness that technological breakthroughs could challenge Bitcoin’s foundational encryption earlier than anticipated.

這種轉變反映了人們對技術突破可能比預期的要早挑戰比特幣的基礎加密的認識。

Despite the concern, some experts believe the crypto sector still has time to adapt to the potential risks.

儘管擔心，一些專家認為加密貨幣部門仍然有時間適應潛在的風險。

Today’s logical-qubit demos top out at dozens (e.g., Quantinuum’s 12 logical qubits). Gidney’s 1,000,000-qubit figure is about physical (noisy) qubits, not logical. We’re three orders of magnitude away in sheer qubit count, and need major error-rate breakthroughs.

當今的邏輯量表演示是數十個（例如Quantinuum的12個邏輯量子）。 Gidney的1,000,000 Quitighigh數字是關於物理（嘈雜）的Qubits，而不是合乎邏輯的。我們在純粹的量子數中距離三個數量級，需要重大的錯誤率突破。

Even the physical-qubit goal is likely 8–12 years out, and a true million-logical-qubit machine is decades away.

即使是物理問題的目標也可能是8 - 12年，而且幾十年來真正的百萬個邏輯機器機器也是如此。

Meanwhile, Bitcoin analyst Fred Krueger anticipates the emergence of a “quantum-resistant” version of the top crypto.

同時，比特幣分析師弗雷德·克魯格（Fred Krueger）預計，頂級加密版的“量子抗性”版本的出現。

He envisions a network split between a newly fortified Bitcoin and a legacy version, similar to how Ethereum split into ETH and Ethereum Classic.

他設想了一個新的強化比特幣與舊版版本之間的網絡，類似於以太坊分為ETH和以太坊經典的網絡。

According to Krueger:

根據克魯格：

“Ulimately there will be a fork. ‘Quantum Resistant Bitcoin (QRB)’ and ‘Bitcoin Classic.’ The big money will recognize and push QRB. Some will fight it. Bitcoin Classic (BTC) will become the new Ethereum Classic.”

“烏爾將有一個叉子。'量子比特幣（QRB）和'比特幣經典'。大筆資金將承認並推動一些比特幣經典賽。

Still, if Bitcoin becomes vulnerable in eight years, the network will not have long to adopt a quantum-resistant upgrade. Mentioned in this article

儘管如此，如果比特幣在八年內變得容易受到傷害，那麼該網絡將不會長時間採用抗量子的升級。在本文中提到