制裁龙卷风现金有效吗？

纽约联储的一份新报告表明确实如此——但有一些重要的警告。

The New York Federal Reserve published a report on Wednesday examining the impact of sanctions against the crypto mixer Tornado Cash.

纽约联储周三发布了一份报告，研究了制裁对加密货币混合器 Tornado Cash 的影响。

The report found that the sanctions did have an effect on Tornado Cash usage, which dropped by about 90% after the sanctions were first imposed. However, the report also noted that Tornado Cash usage has recovered to some extent over the past two years.

报告发现，制裁确实对 Tornado Cash 使用量产生了影响，制裁首次实施后，Tornado Cash 使用量下降了约 90%。不过，报告还指出，龙卷风现金的使用量在过去两年中有所恢复。

The report also found that while some block proposers are including Tornado Cash transactions in blocks, block builders are largely excluding them.

该报告还发现，虽然一些区块提议者将 Tornado Cash 交易纳入区块中，但区块构建者基本上将其排除在外。

This is likely due to the fact that block proposers are not directly subject to the sanctions, while block builders are. The report also found that validators that process blocks containing Tornado Cash transactions generate lower fees than validators that process blocks without Tornado Cash transactions.

这可能是因为区块提议者不直接受到制裁，而区块构建者则受到制裁。该报告还发现，处理包含 Tornado Cash 交易的区块的验证器产生的费用低于处理不包含 Tornado Cash 交易的区块的验证器。

According to the report, this suggests that validators that are processing Tornado Cash transactions are more likely to be motivated by ideological reasons than by pure profit. The report also found that Tornado Cash's privacy functionality has deteriorated relative to before the sanctions, due to the drop in transaction volume and the number of different wallets engaging with the mixer.

根据该报告，这表明处理 Tornado Cash 交易的验证者更有可能是出于意识形态原因，而不是纯粹的利润。该报告还发现，由于交易量下降以及参与混合器的不同钱包数量下降，Tornado Cash 的隐私功能相对于制裁前有所恶化。

Overall, the report found that the sanctions against Tornado Cash have had a mixed impact. While the sanctions did cause a sharp drop in Tornado Cash usage, the mixer has since recovered to some extent. The report also found that some entities in the crypto ecosystem are continuing to facilitate Tornado Cash transactions, despite the sanctions.

总体而言，报告发现对龙卷风现金的制裁产生了复杂的影响。虽然制裁确实导致 Tornado Cash 使用量急剧下降，但混合器此后已在一定程度上恢复。该报告还发现，尽管受到制裁，加密生态系统中的一些实体仍在继续促进龙卷风现金交易。