意大利央行关注比特币 DLT 协议

意大利央行在周二发表的一篇研究论文中分享了创建比特币许可版本的计划。

The Central Bank of Italy recently delved into Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT), unveiling a new consensus protocol adaptable for Bitcoin (BTC). With this development, the Bank aims to preserve the confidentiality of authorized participants called validators, leveraging essential characteristics of DLT.

意大利中央银行最近深入研究了分布式账本技术（DLT），推出了适用于比特币（BTC）的新共识协议。通过这一发展，世行的目标是利用 DLT 的基本特征，保护被称为验证者的授权参与者的机密性。

Central Bank of Italy Focus on DLT Protocol for Bitcoin

意大利央行关注比特币 DLT 协议

The Central Bank of Italy shared its plans to create a permissioned version of BTC in a research paper published on Tuesday. The bank focuses on Bitcoin, an established, extensively used, open-source DLT platform, rather than developing a completely new one from scratch.

意大利央行在周二发表的一篇研究论文中分享了创建比特币许可版本的计划。该银行专注于比特币这一成熟的、广泛使用的开源 DLT 平台，而不是从头开始开发一个全新的平台。

“In our permissioned setting, we can inherit the huge ecosystem of knowledge and applications that has been developed for the Bitcoin core infrastructure during the past decade,” the paper stated. The bank highlighted the Lighting Network as a promising development in the digital payment domain. However, the researchers stated that challenges exist for Bitcoin, as it is not designed for a permissioned setting.

该论文指出：“在我们许可的环境中，我们可以继承过去十年为比特币核心基础设施开发的庞大知识和应用生态系统。”该银行强调闪电网络是数字支付领域的一个有前景的发展。然而，研究人员表示，比特币存在挑战，因为它不是为许可环境而设计的。

Achieving consensus is resource-intensive in the permissionless environment since validators’ identities are not known. Validators have to demonstrate their integrity by either using a large amount of computational power, Proof-of-Work ( PoW), or substantial financial capital, Proof-of-Stake (PoS).

由于验证者的身份未知，因此在无需许可的环境中达成共识需要消耗大量资源。验证者必须通过使用大量的计算能力、工作量证明 (PoW) 或大量的金融资本、股权证明 (PoS) 来证明其完整性。

Whereas, consensus can be achieved without the need for extensive resource commitments in the permissioned environment. In this context, Proof-of-Authority (PoA) is sometimes utilized where a known set of validators participate in the consensus. This served as the Bank of Italy’s foundation for the DLT protocol for BTC.

然而，无需在许可环境中投入大量资源即可达成共识。在这种情况下，有时会在一组已知的验证者参与共识的情况下使用权威证明（PoA）。这是意大利银行为 BTC 开发 DLT 协议的基础。

Exploring Alternative Algorithm

探索替代算法

As revealed in the paper, other algorithm protocols were introduced to strengthen the security of the ledger against fraud and attack, as well as ensure validators’ confidentiality. Specifically, the FROSTed Byzantine Fault Tolerance (FBFT) protocol, was introduced as an innovative approach to PoA.

正如论文中所揭示的，引入了其他算法协议来增强账本的安全性，防止欺诈和攻击，并确保验证者的机密性。具体来说，引入了 FROSTed 拜占庭容错 (FBFT) 协议作为 PoA 的创新方法。

This protocol combines the Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance (PBFT) algorithm, with the Flexible Round-Optimized Schnorr Threshold (FROST) signature scheme, a recent finding in cryptographic research.

该协议结合了实用拜占庭容错 (PBFT) 算法和灵活的轮优化 Schnorr 阈值 (FROST) 签名方案（密码学研究的最新发现）。

According to the paper, researchers have incorporated its FBFT protocol into the code of a Bitcoin-like blockchain, successfully converting its consensus component to a permissioned environment. Additionally, they conducted a performance test across different geographically distributed, realistic scenarios.

根据该论文，研究人员已将其 FBFT 协议纳入类似比特币的区块链代码中，成功地将其共识组件转换为许可环境。此外，他们还对不同地理分布的现实场景进行了性能测试。

Meanwhile, the Italian researchers intend to carry out a variety of additional Bitcoin exploration tasks in addition to the consensus protocol. In the future, the plan is to explore Layer 2 (L2) payment channel networks and payment privacy. Also, they wish to investigate cross-border payments and asset tokenization for delivery as opposed to payment.

与此同时，除了共识协议之外，意大利研究人员还打算开展各种额外的比特币探索任务。未来，计划探索第二层（L2）支付通道网络和支付隐私。此外，他们希望研究跨境支付和资产代币化以进行交付而不是支付。

Per Bitcoin, the primary focus of the experiment, the coin declined by 0.2% in the past day to trade at $66,134. The trading volume also declined by 28% to $27 billion.

作为实验的主要焦点，比特币在过去一天下跌了 0.2%，交易价格为 66,134 美元。交易量也下降了 28% 至 270 亿美元。

Central Banks Exploring Blockchain Technology

各国央行探索区块链技术

Notably, the Bank of Italy is not the first central bank to work extensively with blockchain technology. For instance, the People’s Bank of China has created a customized blockchain based on Ethereum through its Digital Currency Research Institute.

值得注意的是，意大利央行并不是第一家广泛使用区块链技术的央行。例如，中国人民银行通过其数字货币研究所创建了基于以太坊的定制区块链。

In a recent update, we covered that the Central Reserve Bank of Peru (BCR) is exploring the development of a digital currency. The bank partnered with Viettel Peru, a firm seasoned in telecommunications and digital services to pilot the development.

在最近的更新中，我们报道了秘鲁中央储备银行（BCR）正在探索数字货币的开发。该银行与 Viettel Peru（一家在电信和数字服务领域经验丰富的公司）合作进行试点开发。