破坏RSA加密所需的量子资源比以前想象的要少得多

该小组发现，破裂的2048位RSA可能使用不到一百万个嘈杂的量子比，比以前估计少20倍。

Google researchers have made a surprising discovery concerning the quantum resources needed to break RSA encryption, commonly used in crypto wallets.

Google研究人员对破坏RSA加密所需的量子资源进行了惊人的发现，该资源通常用于加密钱包。

Their findings, which are still preprint and have not yet been peer-reviewed, indicate that breaking 2048-bit RSA could take less than a week using fewer than a million noisy qubits—20 times less than previously thought.

他们的发现仍然是预印本，尚未经过同行评审，这表明，破坏2048位RSA可能需要不到一周的噪声量不到一周的时间，比以前想象的少20倍。

For context, current quantum computers, like IBM's Condor and Google's Sycamore, have far fewer qubits, rendering crypto assets safe at present. However, considering the rapid pace of improvement in quantum computing capabilities, this poses a concern that demands attention.

在上下文中，当前的量子计算机（例如IBM的秃鹰和Google的无菌计算机）的量子较少，目前使加密货币资产安全。但是，考虑到量子计算功能的快速改善速度，这引起了人们的关注。

The researchers achieved this breakthrough by devising novel algorithms that speed up key calculations and implementing smarter error correction methods. They were also able to enhance "magic state cultivation," a technique that optimizes quantum operation efficiency by minimizing resource waste.

研究人员通过设计新颖的算法来加快关键计算并实施更明智的误差校正方法，从而实现了这一突破。他们还能够增强“魔术状态培养”，该技术通过最大程度地减少资源浪费来优化量子操作效率。

It's interesting to note that Bitcoin, in particular, does not use RSA but rather elliptic curve cryptography, which is similar in principle. If quantum computers can break RSA sooner than expected, it could shorten the timeline for Bitcoin's security to be compromised.

有趣的是，尤其是比特币不是使用RSA，而是使用椭圆曲线密码学，这在原则上是相似的。如果量子计算机可能比预期的要早，它可能会缩短时间表，以使比特币的安全性受到损害。

It seems likely that the first quantum-resistant blockchain upgrades will arrive well before any quantum attack on Bitcoin's network.

在比特币网络上的任何量子攻击之前，首次抗量子的区块链升级似乎可能会到达。

In fact, efforts like Project 11's quantum Bitcoin bounty are ongoing to test this threat and researchers are working hard to try to break Bitcoin.

实际上，诸如Project 11的量子比特币赏金之类的努力正在进行测试这一威胁，研究人员正在努力努力打破比特币。

The threat posed by quantum computers extends beyond crypto, impacting global secure communications, banking, and digital signatures. In anticipation of this shift, Google has already begun encrypting more traffic with quantum-resistant protocols.

量子计算机构成的威胁范围超出了加密货币，影响了全球安全的通信，银行业和数字签名。为了期待这一转变，Google已经开始使用抗量子的协议来加密更多的流量。

Despite the significant progress, it's important to highlight the remaining challenges. Quantum computers need to maintain stability and coherence for extended periods to carry out complicated operations, which is a major hurdle at present.

尽管取得了重大进展，但重要的是要突出其余的挑战。量子计算机需要长时间保持稳定性和连贯性才能进行复杂的操作，这是目前的主要障碍。

This means that there is no immediate threat to Bitcoin or other cryptocurrencies.

这意味着对比特币或其他加密货币没有立即威胁。

Overall, while the possibility of quantum computers breaking Bitcoin is a topic of interest and speculation, it's essential to stay informed about the latest developments in quantum computing and their implications for cryptocurrency security.

总体而言，虽然量子计算机破坏比特币的可能性是一个令人感兴趣的话题和猜测的话题，但必须了解量子计算的最新发展及其对加密货币安全性的影响。