比特币：现代革命的过去遗迹？

OP_CAT 操作码（也称为 BIP-420）是一项功能，如果重新集成到比特币中，可能会深刻改变区块链的运行方式。

A relic of the past for a modern revolution of Bitcoin?

比特币现代革命的过去遗迹？

Bitcoin’s OP_CAT opcode, also known as BIP-420, is a feature that, if re-integrated into Bitcoin, could fundamentally alter the way the blockchain functions.

比特币的 OP_CAT 操作码（也称为 BIP-420）是一项功能，如果重新集成到比特币中，可能会从根本上改变区块链的运作方式。

This line of code is not new. It was actually part of the original Bitcoin protocol, but was removed by Satoshi in 2010 due to security concerns. Now, with more robust security systems in place, some developers argue that the time has come to reintroduce this feature.

这行代码并不新鲜。它实际上是原始比特币协议的一部分，但出于安全考虑，中本聪于 2010 年将其删除。现在，随着更强大的安全系统的到位，一些开发人员认为是时候重新引入此功能了。

OP_CAT is primarily interesting because it would enable “covenants,” smart contracts that can impose certain conditions before a payment is validated. However, not everyone is sold on this approach.

OP_CAT 之所以有趣，主要是因为它可以启用“契约”，即可以在验证付款之前施加某些条件的智能合约。然而，并不是所有人都接受这种方法。

Linus, a well-known developer, critiques this use of OP_CAT, arguing that while it is technically possible to use it to mimic covenants, it would be inefficient, both in terms of fees and blockchain space.

著名开发者 Linus 批评了 OP_CAT 的这种使用，认为虽然在技术上可以用它来模仿契约，但无论是在费用还是区块链空间方面，它都是低效的。

He points out that there are more suitable alternatives, such as soft forks that are specifically designed for this type of transaction.

他指出，还有更合适的替代方案，例如专门为此类交易设计的软分叉。

Despite these reservations, OP_CAT continues to generate interest, with some suggesting that it could offer possibilities beyond simple covenants, becoming a versatile tool for those developing on Bitcoin.

尽管有这些保留，OP_CAT 仍然引起了人们的兴趣，一些人认为它可以提供超越简单契约的可能性，成为比特币开发者的多功能工具。

This begs the question: Is OP_CAT simply a relic of the past or the key to major future innovations for the blockchain?

这就引出了一个问题：OP_CAT 只是过去的遗迹还是区块链未来重大创新的关键？

The debate over security and future implications

关于安全和未来影响的争论

One of the reasons OP_CAT is so divisive within the community is due to the issue of security.

OP_CAT 在社区内如此分裂的原因之一是安全问题。

Those who oppose its reintroduction argue that it could create vulnerabilities or perverse incentives for miners, such as the infamous Maximum Extractable Value (MEV).

那些反对重新引入它的人认为，它可能会给矿工带来漏洞或不正当的激励，例如臭名昭​​著的最大可开采价值（MEV）。

MEV refers to the profits miners can gain by reordering transactions within a block, a practice that could disrupt Bitcoin’s current balance and lead to transaction censorship.

MEV 指的是矿工通过重新排序区块内的交易可以获得的利润，这种做法可能会破坏比特币的当前平衡并导致交易审查。

Linus has expressed strong concerns about this, highlighting that the introduction of OP_CAT could pave the way for novel forms of MEV, making the Bitcoin blockchain less fair and less secure.

Linus 对此表达了强烈的担忧，并强调 OP_CAT 的引入可能为新形式的 MEV 铺平道路，从而使比特币区块链变得不公平、不安全。

Others, like Bodily of Bioniq, believe these fears are overstated. According to him, OP_CAT would actually offer greater flexibility to move complex transactions off the main chain and onto layer 2 solutions, which are less expensive and faster.

其他人，比如比奥尼克的博迪利，则认为这些担忧被夸大了。据他介绍，OP_CAT 实际上可以提供更大的灵活性，将复杂的交易从主链转移到第 2 层解决方案上，这样成本更低、速度更快。

However, some doubts persist. For instance, some question the true utility of OP_CAT, arguing that the promises made by its proponents may be inflated.

然而，一些疑虑仍然存在。例如，有些人质疑 OP_CAT 的真正实用性，认为其支持者做出的承诺可能被夸大了。

Paul Sztorc, creator of the BIP 300 “Drivechains” proposal, acknowledges that while reintegrating OP_CAT appears to be safe, he would prefer to see concrete tests to assess its real benefits before adopting it definitively. In the meantime, an Ethereum is experiencing a disastrous quarter!

BIP 300“传动链”提案的创建者 Paul Sztorc 承认，虽然重新集成 OP_CAT 似乎是安全的，但他更希望在最终采用之前看到具体的测试来评估其真正的好处。与此同时，以太坊正在经历一个灾难性的季度！

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Fascinated by bitcoin since 2017, Evariste has been continuously reading up on the subject. While his initial interest was in trading, he now actively tries to understand all the latest developments centered around cryptocurrencies. As a writer, he aims to consistently deliver high-quality work that reflects the state of the broader industry.

自 2017 年以来，Evariste 对比特币着迷，一直在不断阅读有关该主题的文章。虽然他最初的兴趣是交易，但现在他积极尝试了解以加密货币为中心的所有最新发展。作为一名作家，他的目标是始终如一地提供反映更广泛行业状况的高质量作品。