BIP352（无声支付）：比特币隐私方面的重大突破

比特币允许人们在没有第三方的情况下进行交易，继续在数字时代带来巨大突破。

Bitcoin provides a massive breakthrough in the digital age by allowing people to transact between each other without third parties. However, one of Bitcoin's shortcomings is privacy. A push based payment system (no one is allowed to "pull" payments from you, you have to explicitly authorize them yourself and "push" them to other people), Bitcoin requires the sender to have the information necessary to define the destination for money they send. This requires the recipient communicating to the sender their Bitcoin address in one way or another.

比特币允许人们在没有第三方的情况下进行交易，为数字时代带来了巨大的突破。然而，比特币的缺点之一是隐私。比特币是一种基于推送的支付系统（不允许任何人从您那里“拉”付款，您必须自己明确授权并将其“推”给其他人），比特币要求发送者拥有定义资金目的地所需的信息他们发送。这需要接收者以一种或另一种方式向发送者传达他们的比特币地址。

In the case of trying to raise money from the general public, this has massive consequences in terms of privacy or needing to maintain a constant interactive presence online. Anyone is totally capable of simply posting a single Bitcoin address somewhere online, and from that point, anyone who wishes to send money to that person can simply do so, but there is no privacy in raising money in this way. Simply take that address and look it up on the blockchain, and you cannot only see how much money that person has been sent, but you can see the footprint on the blockchain of everyone who has sent them money. Both the person attempting to raise funds and everyone who has donated to them have no privacy whatsoever; everything is completely open and correlated for the whole world to see.

在试图从公众那里筹集资金的情况下，这会在隐私或需要保持在线持续互动方面产生巨大的后果。任何人都完全有能力在网上某个地方发布一个比特币地址，从那时起，任何希望向该人汇款的人都可以简单地这样做，但以这种方式筹集资金不存在隐私。只需获取该地址并在区块链上查找它，您不仅可以看到该人已发送了多少钱，而且可以看到每个向其发送资金的人在区块链上的足迹。试图筹集资金的人和所有向他们捐款的人都没有任何隐私；一切都是完全开放和相互关联的，让全世界都能看到。

Before Silent Payments, the only alternative was to either reuse addresses on a per-contact basis to protect your privacy, or to run a server that offers a new address every time someone requests to send you money. Neither of which are usable or scalable option for most users, reserving privacy for a privileged few who knew how to achieve privacy. Fortunately, the community has made massive progress since then, with the release of Silent Payments.

在无提示付款之前，唯一的选择是在每个联系人的基础上重复使用地址以保护您的隐私，或者运行一个服务器，每次有人请求向您汇款时都会提供一个新地址。对于大多数用户来说，这两种方法都不是可用或可扩展的选项，而是为少数知道如何实现隐私的特权人士保留了隐私。幸运的是，自那时以来，随着静默支付的发布，社区取得了巨大的进步。

After much discussion on how to implement the feature as efficiently as possible, BIP352 is now a reality. When someone wants to receive money privately, lets say an activist organization, they can post their Silent Payments address on their site instead of a traditional Bitcoin address. Now, when a user wants to send the organization money, they use a Silent Payment address within a supporting wallet. This will automatically use the unique public key attached to the Silent Payment address, combined with the public keys of the outputs they want to send to generate a brand new, single-use address that looks like any other Bitcoin address. It sounds complicated, but all of this functions behind the scenes. All a user needs to do is paste the address and send money to it, just like any other address.

经过对如何尽可能高效地实现该功能的大量讨论后，BIP352 现在已成为现实。当有人想要私下收钱时，比如说一个激进组织，他们可以在他们的网站上发布他们的静默付款地址，而不是传统的比特币地址。现在，当用户想要向组织汇款时，他们可以使用支持钱包内的静默付款地址。这将自动使用附加到静默支付地址的唯一公钥，结合他们想要发送的输出的公钥，生成一个全新的一次性地址，看起来像任何其他比特币地址。听起来很复杂，但所有这些都在幕后起作用。用户所需要做的就是粘贴地址并向其汇款，就像任何其他地址一样。

There are many benefits:

有很多好处：

The organization itself only has to post a single address on its site to still receive the benefit of generating new addresses for every transaction.

组织本身只需在其网站上发布一个地址，仍然可以获得为每笔交易生成新地址的好处。

The user sending money to the organization can always reference the same static address, making it easy for them to continually send money without needing to track multiple addresses.

向组织汇款的用户始终可以引用相同的静态地址，从而使他们可以轻松地持续汇款，而无需跟踪多个地址。

If the same user continually gives money to the same Silent Payments address, a new Bitcoin address is generated each time, so the sender doesn't need to worry about the receiver knowing it's the same user sending them money.

如果同一用户不断向同一个静默付款地址汇款，则每次都会生成一个新的比特币地址，因此发送方无需担心接收方知道是同一位用户在向他们汇款。

The receiver gains massive privacy benefits as users are not able to easily look into the funds of their wallet and see who else is sending them money.

接收方获得了巨大的隐私优势，因为用户无法轻松查看钱包中的资金并查看还有谁在给他们汇款。

The addresses that are generated to transact between both users appear like any other Bitcoin transaction, meaning use of the feature is obfuscated to outside parties.

为在两个用户之间进行交易而生成的地址看起来就像任何其他比特币交易一样，这意味着该功能的使用对外部各方来说是模糊的。

No server is required. Any wallet that supports Silent Payments handles all this technology locally within the wallet.

不需要服务器。任何支持静默支付的钱包都可以在钱包内本地处理所有这些技术。

To summarize the benefits: With Silent Payments, any person or organization can now opt to using a static Silent Payments Bitcoin address in place of their traditional static address to not only have better privacy for themselves, but it also protects people trying to send them money by ensuring not even they as receivers can snag information about senders. With Silent Payments, the sender and receiver gain a massive layer of privacy, while still largely benefiting from the power of the underlying Bitcoin protocol to give them the freedom to transact as they please.

总结一下好处：通过静默支付，任何个人或组织现在都可以选择使用静态静默支付比特币地址来代替传统的静态地址，不仅可以为自己提供更好的隐私，还可以保护试图向他们汇款的人确保即使作为接收者的他们也无法获取有关发送者的信息。通过无声支付，发送者和接收者获得了巨大的隐私层，同时仍然很大程度上受益于底层比特币协议的力量，使他们可以自由地进行交易。

With that said, there are drawbacks. The first is a direct result of the benefit of not needing a dedicated device online to facilitate the transactions. Users will need to scan through blockchain transactions to detect payments made to them. This scanning can take time, but it comes with massive privacy benefits for both users. Over time, performance of scanning can also be improved to make this less of an issue for users.

话虽如此，但也有缺点。第一个是不需要在线专用设备来促进交易的直接好处。用户需要扫描区块链交易以检测向他们支付的款项。这种扫描可能需要时间，但它为两个用户带来了巨大的隐私优势。随着时间的推移，扫描性能也可以得到改善，从而减少用户遇到的问题。

The second issue is one of adoptability, since Silent Payments are new with wallet support being fairly limited at the time of writing. Both the sender and receiver need to use a wallet that offers support for the feature. silentpayments.xyz is a resource that shares which wallets support Silent Payments, the first of which to currently have full support being Cake Wallet. If the community hopes to see wider adoption of Silent Payments, wallets need to integrate the functionality to offer more users the privacy benefits provided by Bitcoin Silent Payments.

第二个问题是可采用性问题，因为静默支付是一项新功能，在撰写本文时钱包支持相当有限。发送者和接收者都需要使用支持该功能的钱包。 silent payments.xyz 是一个资源，分享哪些钱包支持静默支付，其中第一个目前完全支持的是 Cake Wallet。如果社区希望看到静默支付得到更广泛的采用，钱包需要集成该功能，为更多用户提供比特币静默支付所提供的隐私优势。

Overall the idea of protecting user privacy through the native Bitcoin protocol is an important one that can offer user privacy without jeopardizing what makes Bitcoin, Bitcoin. In fact, the privacy benefits of Silent Payments strengthen

总的来说，通过原生比特币协议保护用户隐私的想法是一个重要的想法，它可以在不损害比特币本质的情况下提供用户隐私。事实上，无声支付的隐私优势增强了