新法規威脅著加密貨幣用戶的個人數據的安全性

倫敦：新法規威脅著加密貨幣用戶的個人數據的安全性，並可能使他們面臨“身體危險”，這是上週巴黎綁架企圖中心的平台。

New EU regulations threaten the security of the personal data of cryptocurrency users and may expose them to “physical danger”, the platform at the centre of last week’s Paris kidnapping attempt has claimed.

新的歐盟法規威脅著加密貨幣用戶的個人數據的安全性，並可能使他們面臨“身體危險”，這是上週巴黎綁架嘗試的中心的平台。

“A ticking time bomb,” said Alexandre Stachtchenko, director of strategy at French platform Paymium, referring to the way information must now be collected during cryptocurrency transfers under EU rules.

法國平台Paymium戰略總監Alexandre Stachtchenko說：“滴答了計時炸彈。”

He did not directly link this to a kidnapping attempt on Tuesday which, according to a police source, targeted the daughter and grandson of Paymium's chief executive.

他沒有直接將其與週二的綁架嘗試聯繫起來，據警方消息人士稱，該企圖針對Paymium首席執行官的女兒和孫子。

“If there is a leak of one of these databases from which I can find out who has money and where they live, then the next day it is on the dark web, and the day after there is someone outside your home,” Stachtchenko said.

Stachtchenko說：“如果其中一個數據庫洩漏，我可以從中找出誰有錢和他們的住所，那麼第二天它在黑暗的網上，以及您家外面有人在您家外面的第二天。”

Data theft is commonplace. On Thursday, the leading cryptocurrency exchange in the United States, Coinbase, said criminals had bribed and duped their way into stealing digital assets from its users, then tried to blackmail the exchange to keep the crime quiet.

數據盜竊很普遍。週四，美國領先的加密貨幣交易所Coinbase說，罪犯賄賂並欺騙了從用戶那裡竊取數字資產的方式，然後試圖勒索交易所以保持犯罪的安靜。

Instead of paying up, Coinbase informed US regulators about the theft and made plans to spend between $180 million and $400 million to reimburse victims and handle the situation.

Coinbase沒有付款，而是向美國監管機構通報了有關盜竊案的信息，併計劃花費1.8億至4億美元來報銷受害者並處理這種情況。

Following the kidnapping attempt, Paymium issued a statement urging authorities to immediately reinforce the protection of companies within the sector, after other similar incidents this year.

綁架嘗試後，Paymium發表了一份聲明，敦促當局在今年其他類似的事件後立即加強該行業內部公司的保護。

Founded in 2011 and presenting itself as a European pioneer of bitcoin trading, Paymium also cited “the highly dangerous aspects of certain financial regulations, either recently adopted or in the making”.

Paymium成立於2011年，是比特幣交易的歐洲先驅，還引用了“最近通過或製造的某些金融法規的高度危險方面”。

It added: “With the unprecedented organisation of massive and sometimes disproportionate collection of personal data, public authorities contribute to putting the physical safety of millions of cryptocurrency holders in France, and more widely in Europe, at risk.”

它補充說：“隨著空前的大規模，有時甚至不成比例的個人數據收集的組織，公共當局促成了在法國將數百萬加密貨幣持有人的物理安全性造成的，在歐洲更為廣泛。”

In its sights are rules which came into force at the end of 2024 and which extended the Travel Rule in place for traditional finance transfers to include crypto assets.

在其視線中，規則在2024年底生效，並擴大了傳統金融轉讓的旅行規則，以包括加密資產。

The rules now require platforms to gather details about the beneficiary and, in return, transmit certain information about the customer to the receiving institution, including their name and postal address.

現在，規則要求平台收集有關受益人的詳細信息，作為回報，將有關客戶的某些信息傳輸到接收機構，包括其姓名和郵政地址。

Also to be disclosed is the “address” of a customer’s cryptocurrency wallet, which shows details of their account and transactions, said Stachtchenko.

Stachtchenko說，還需要披露的是客戶的加密貨幣錢包的“地址”，其中顯示了其帳戶和交易的詳細信息。

Such sensitive data is sometimes exchanged and stored insecurely by certain players.

這種敏感的數據有時會被某些玩家交換和存儲不安全。

Regulatory changes to tighten the rules on the crypto sector aim to “prevent the financial system from being used for corruption, money laundering, drug trafficking” among other criminal activities, said Sarah Compani, a lawyer specialising in digital assets.

專門從事數字資產的律師莎拉·康普利（Sarah Compani）說，監管更改以收緊加密貨幣部門的規則，旨在“防止金融體系用於腐敗，洗錢，販毒”。

Data collection is carried out by parties including banks, insurance companies and crypto-service providers, which are “supervised” and subject to heavy “security obligations, particularly IT and cybersecurity”, said William O’Rorke, a lawyer at cryptocurrency firm ORWL.

加密貨幣公司ORWL的律師威廉·奧羅克（William O'Rorke）說，數據收集是由銀行，保險公司和加密服務提供商在內的各方進行的，這些提供商“受到監督”，遵守“安全義務，尤其是IT和網絡安全”。

In 2027, European anti-money laundering regulations will restrict the use of wallets and cryptocurrencies that allow the holders to remain anonymous.

在2027年，歐洲反洗錢法規將限制使用錢包和加密貨幣的使用，使持有人能夠保持匿名。

It follows a French law adopted last month to fight narcotrafficking, which targets anonymisation devices such as the cryptocurrency “mixers” used to render funds untraceable.

這是在上個月通過的一項法國法律來對抗麻醉品的法律，該法律針對匿名設備，例如用於使資金無法追踪的加密貨幣“混合器”等匿名設備。

There are many “legitimate interests” in having such tools however, said cybersecurity expert Renaud Lifchitz.

網絡安全專家Renaud Lifchitz說，擁有此類工具有許多“合法利益”。

He noted that they are sometimes used by journalists, or by activists opposed to an authoritarian regime which controls the traditional banking system.

他指出，有時是記者或反對控制傳統銀行體系的獨裁政權的激進主義者使用的。

The debate is more “political” than “security-related”, argued O’Rorke.

奧羅克認為，辯論比“與安全有關的”更“政治”。

The recent kidnappings and attempted kidnappings can be explained above all by a “somewhat nouveau riche” and “ill-prepared” cryptocurrency sector, he said.

他說，最近的綁架和未遂綁架可以通過“有些新的Riche”和“準備不足”的加密貨幣領域來解釋。

Since 2014, software developer Jameson Lopp has recorded 219 physical attacks targeting cryptocurrency users.

自2014年以來，軟件開發人員詹姆森·洛普（Jameson LOPP）已記錄了針對加密貨幣用戶的219次物理攻擊。