Pectra：以太坊進行了變革性的飛躍，開設了新市場並重新定義了堆棧

自從2022年合併以來，以來一直沒有看到巨大的進步，以太坊通過正式激活進行了變革性的飛躍

In a sweeping technological advancement not seen since the Merge of 2022, Ethereum has taken a transformative leap forward with the official activation of its highly anticipated Pectra upgrade on May 7, 2025. Integrating critical changes across both its execution and consensus layers, this milestone not only enhances Ethereum's scalability, security, and usability but also triggers a rapid resurgence in investor sentiment. With 11 Ethereum Improvement Proposals (EIPs) rolled into this single upgrade, Pectra is a cornerstone in Ethereum's effort to evolve into a truly universal decentralized platform—capable of serving as a financial, social, and computational backbone of the digital world.

In a sweeping technological advancement not seen since the Merge of 2022, Ethereum has taken a transformative leap forward with the official activation of its highly anticipated Pectra upgrade on May 7, 2025. Integrating critical changes across both its execution and consensus layers, this milestone not only enhances Ethereum's scalability, security, and usability but also triggers a rapid resurgence in investor sentiment.彼得拉（Pectra）憑藉11個以太坊改進建議（EIPS）進入了這一單一的升級，這是以太坊努力發展成為一個真正普遍的分散平台的基石，可以成為數字世界的財務，社會和計算上的骨幹。

Pectra: A Dual-Track Upgrade Redefining the Ethereum Stack

Pectra：雙軌升級重新定義以太坊堆棧

The Pectra upgrade seamlessly merges two foundational development paths—Prague for the execution layer and Electra for the consensus layer—introducing a unified architecture designed to enhance Ethereum's performance, accessibility, and institutional viability.

Pectra升級無縫升級，將兩種基礎發展路徑（用於執行層的PRAGUE和ERECTRA的共識層）融合在一起，介紹了旨在增強以太坊的性能，可訪問性和機構可行性的統一體系結構。

Account Abstraction (EIP-7702) is a flagship feature of the upgrade. By enabling externally owned accounts (EOAs) to operate temporarily like smart contracts, Ethereum now supports transaction batching, non-ETH gas fee payments (e.g., in stablecoins), and session key integration for apps. The implications for DeFi, gaming, and microtransactions are profound, as user friction is dramatically reduced.

帳戶抽象（EIP-7702）是升級的旗艦功能。通過使外部賬戶（EOA）像智能合約一樣暫時運營，以太坊現在支持交易批處理，非ETH汽油費支付（例如，在Stablecoins中）和應用程序的會話密鑰集成。由於用戶摩擦大大減少，對DEFI，遊戲和微交易的影響是深遠的。

EIP-7251 raises the validator cap from 32 ETH to a staggering 2,048 ETH. This change empowers large-scale stakers, simplifies node management, and encourages long-term capital lock-in—potentially shrinking circulating supply and stabilizing token economics.

EIP-7251將驗證器上限從32 ETH提高到驚人的2,048 ETH。這種變化使大規模的Stakers能力，簡化了節點管理，並鼓勵長期的資本鎖定 - 潛在地縮小了循環供應和穩定的代幣經濟學。

Layer-2 Scalability and Data Efficiency in Focus

第2層的可伸縮性和焦點的數據效率

At the heart of Ethereum's throughput challenges has been its handling of Layer-2 data. Pectra introduces an increase in "blob" capacity—from six to nine per block. These blobs serve as temporary data packets critical for rollups like Arbitrum and Base.

以太坊吞吐量挑戰的核心是其處理2層數據。 Pectra引入了“斑點”能力的增加，從每塊九個到九個。這些斑點充當對仲裁和基礎等匯總至關重要的臨時數據包。

This capacity expansion allows more off-chain data to be settled efficiently on-chain, lowering transaction costs and congestion, and ensuring Ethereum remains competitive in an increasingly multi-chain world.

這種能力的擴展允許有效地解決更多的鍊鍊數據，從而降低交易成本和擁塞，並確保以太坊在日益多鏈世界中保持競爭力。

Such enhancements not only strengthen the underlying network, but also provide tangible advantages to Layer-2 developers, who now have more room to innovate atop Ethereum's base layer.

這樣的增強不僅增強了基礎網絡，而且還為2層開發人員提供了切實的優勢，他們現在有更多的以太坊基礎層創新的空間。

Enhancing Wallets and User Experience for Mainstream Appeal

增強主流吸引力的錢包和用戶體驗

With Pectra, Ethereum ventures deeper into territory traditionally occupied by Web2.0 platforms.

與Pectra一起，以太坊冒險進入傳統上Web2.0平台所佔據的領土。

New features like Web2-style smart account recovery mechanisms make wallet management friendlier for everyday users, eliminating the steep learning curves associated with mnemonic phrases and private keys.

Web2風格的智能帳戶恢復機制等新功能使錢包管理更適合日常用戶，從而消除了與助記符和私鑰相關的陡峭學習曲線。

Gas fee flexibility—whereby recipients, not just senders, can pay fees—further democratizes blockchain use. This addresses long-standing pain points, especially in first-time user onboarding or cross-token transfers.

汽油費的靈活性 - 接收者，不僅是發件人可以支付費用 - 使區塊鏈使用民主化。這解決了長期存在的疼痛點，尤其是在首次用戶入職或交叉轉移中。

Security Infrastructure and Developer Tooling Improvements

安全基礎架構和開發人員工具改進

Behind the scenes, Ethereum developers have fortified the network's security and operational integrity. Pectra includes upgrades in cryptographic tooling and streamlined deployment protocols, setting the groundwork for future scalability innovations like Verkle trees.

在幕後，以太坊開發人員加強了網絡的安全性和運營完整性。 Pectra包括加密工具和簡化部署協議的升級，為未來的可擴展性創新（如Verkle Tree）設定了基礎。

These improvements also simplify smart contract creation, facilitate clearer auditing standards, and enhance the platform's robustness against both internal bugs and external exploits.

這些改進還簡化了智能合同的創建，促進了更清晰的審計標準，並增強了平台對內部錯誤和外部漏洞的魯棒性。

From Testing Setbacks to Historic Mainnet Launch

從測試挫折到歷史悠久的主網發射

Pectra's path to mainnet was not without obstacles. Testnet failures on both Holesky and Sepolia prompted Ethereum's core developers to establish the Hoodi testnet for final deployment rehearsals.

Pectra通往主網的道路並非沒有障礙。 Holesky和Sepolia的TestNet失敗促使以太坊的核心開發人員為最終部署排練建立了Hoodi Testnet。

Ultimately, the upgrade was activated on May 7, 2025, at epoch 364032. This careful staging reinforced Ethereum's commitment to security-first rollouts—particularly critical given the scope of Pectra's architectural changes.

最終，該升級於2025年5月7日在Epoch 364032上激活。鑑於Pectra的建築變化的範圍，這種仔細的登台加強以太坊對安全優先推出的承諾至關重要。

Market Reaction: Surge in ETH Value and Investor Interest

市場反應：ETH價值激增和投資者的興趣

Ethereum's price surged more than 20% within 24 hours of the upgrade. Key breakout levels at $2,100 and $2,200 were swiftly eclipsed, with prices peaking at $3,150 on some exchanges by May 9, 2025.

升級後24小時內，以太坊的價格飆升了20％以上。關鍵的分組水平為$ 2,100，$ 2,200迅速黯然失色，到2025年5月9日，某些交易所的價格為3,150美元。

Trading volumes soared 35% week-over-week, and daily active addresses climbed to 1.2 million, highlighting the surge in on-chain activity and speculative interest.

週每週飆升了35％，每日活躍地址攀升至120萬，突出了鏈上活動和投機性興趣的激增。

Institutional flows returned strongly, with Total Value Locked (TVL) in Ethereum-based protocols rising 41%. Hedge funds like Abraxas Capital made substantial ETH purchases, bolstering long-term investor confidence.

機構流返回強烈，基於以太坊的協議中的總價值鎖定（TVL）上升了41％。像Abraxas Capital這樣的對沖基金進行了大量的ETH購買，增強了長期投資者的信心。

Expert Perspectives and Analyst Projections

專家觀點和分析師預測

Analysts from CoinDesk to CoinPedia covered the upgrade:

從Coindesk到Coinpedia的分析師涵蓋了升級：

* Ming Jung of Presto Research called Pectra "ETH's return ticket to relevance," noting its price lag relative to BTC year-to-date.

* Presto Research的Ming Jung稱Pectra為“ ETH的回程票有關相關性”，指出其價格滯後相對於BTC至今。

* Joseph Lubin, Ethereum co-founder, described it as "a structural leap toward a decentralized global system."

*以太坊聯合創始人約瑟夫·盧賓（Joseph Lubin）將其描述為“向分散的全球系統邁出的結構飛躍”。

* Crypto influencer Crypto Rover publicized his own $9

*加密影響者Crypto Rover宣傳自己的$ 9