Pectra：以太坊进行了变革性的飞跃，开设了新市场并重新定义了堆栈

自从2022年合并以来，以来一直没有看到巨大的进步，以太坊通过正式激活进行了变革性的飞跃

In a sweeping technological advancement not seen since the Merge of 2022, Ethereum has taken a transformative leap forward with the official activation of its highly anticipated Pectra upgrade on May 7, 2025. Integrating critical changes across both its execution and consensus layers, this milestone not only enhances Ethereum's scalability, security, and usability but also triggers a rapid resurgence in investor sentiment. With 11 Ethereum Improvement Proposals (EIPs) rolled into this single upgrade, Pectra is a cornerstone in Ethereum's effort to evolve into a truly universal decentralized platform—capable of serving as a financial, social, and computational backbone of the digital world.

In a sweeping technological advancement not seen since the Merge of 2022, Ethereum has taken a transformative leap forward with the official activation of its highly anticipated Pectra upgrade on May 7, 2025. Integrating critical changes across both its execution and consensus layers, this milestone not only enhances Ethereum's scalability, security, and usability but also triggers a rapid resurgence in investor sentiment.彼得拉（Pectra）凭借11个以太坊改进建议（EIPS）进入了这一单一的升级，这是以太坊努力发展成为一个真正普遍的分散平台的基石，可以成为数字世界的财务，社会和计算上的骨干。

Pectra: A Dual-Track Upgrade Redefining the Ethereum Stack

Pectra：双轨升级重新定义以太坊堆栈

The Pectra upgrade seamlessly merges two foundational development paths—Prague for the execution layer and Electra for the consensus layer—introducing a unified architecture designed to enhance Ethereum's performance, accessibility, and institutional viability.

Pectra升级无缝升级，将两种基础发展路径（用于执行层的PRAGUE和ERECTRA的共识层）融合在一起，介绍了旨在增强以太坊的性能，可访问性和机构可行性的统一体系结构。

Account Abstraction (EIP-7702) is a flagship feature of the upgrade. By enabling externally owned accounts (EOAs) to operate temporarily like smart contracts, Ethereum now supports transaction batching, non-ETH gas fee payments (e.g., in stablecoins), and session key integration for apps. The implications for DeFi, gaming, and microtransactions are profound, as user friction is dramatically reduced.

帐户抽象（EIP-7702）是升级的旗舰功能。通过使外部账户（EOA）像智能合约一样暂时运营，以太坊现在支持交易批处理，非ETH汽油费支付（例如，在Stablecoins中）和应用程序的会话密钥集成。由于用户摩擦大大减少，对DEFI，游戏和微交易的影响是深远的。

EIP-7251 raises the validator cap from 32 ETH to a staggering 2,048 ETH. This change empowers large-scale stakers, simplifies node management, and encourages long-term capital lock-in—potentially shrinking circulating supply and stabilizing token economics.

EIP-7251将验证器上限从32 ETH提高到惊人的2,048 ETH。这种变化使大规模的Stakers能力，简化了节点管理，并鼓励长期的资本锁定 - 潜在地缩小了循环供应和稳定的代币经济学。

Layer-2 Scalability and Data Efficiency in Focus

第2层的可伸缩性和焦点的数据效率

At the heart of Ethereum's throughput challenges has been its handling of Layer-2 data. Pectra introduces an increase in "blob" capacity—from six to nine per block. These blobs serve as temporary data packets critical for rollups like Arbitrum and Base.

以太坊吞吐量挑战的核心是其处理2层数据。 Pectra引入了“斑点”能力的增加，从每块九个到九个。这些斑点充当对仲裁和基础等汇总至关重要的临时数据包。

This capacity expansion allows more off-chain data to be settled efficiently on-chain, lowering transaction costs and congestion, and ensuring Ethereum remains competitive in an increasingly multi-chain world.

这种能力的扩展允许有效地解决更多的链链数据，从而降低交易成本和拥塞，并确保以太坊在日益多链世界中保持竞争力。

Such enhancements not only strengthen the underlying network, but also provide tangible advantages to Layer-2 developers, who now have more room to innovate atop Ethereum's base layer.

这样的增强不仅增强了基础网络，而且还为2层开发人员提供了切实的优势，他们现在有更多的以太坊基础层创新的空间。

Enhancing Wallets and User Experience for Mainstream Appeal

增强主流吸引力的钱包和用户体验

With Pectra, Ethereum ventures deeper into territory traditionally occupied by Web2.0 platforms.

与Pectra一起，以太坊冒险进入传统上Web2.0平台所占据的领土。

New features like Web2-style smart account recovery mechanisms make wallet management friendlier for everyday users, eliminating the steep learning curves associated with mnemonic phrases and private keys.

Web2风格的智能帐户恢复机制等新功能使钱包管理更适合日常用户，从而消除了与助记符和私钥相关的陡峭学习曲线。

Gas fee flexibility—whereby recipients, not just senders, can pay fees—further democratizes blockchain use. This addresses long-standing pain points, especially in first-time user onboarding or cross-token transfers.

汽油费的灵活性 - 接收者，不仅是发件人可以支付费用 - 使区块链使用民主化。这解决了长期存在的疼痛点，尤其是在首次用户入职或交叉转移中。

Security Infrastructure and Developer Tooling Improvements

安全基础架构和开发人员工具改进

Behind the scenes, Ethereum developers have fortified the network's security and operational integrity. Pectra includes upgrades in cryptographic tooling and streamlined deployment protocols, setting the groundwork for future scalability innovations like Verkle trees.

在幕后，以太坊开发人员加强了网络的安全性和运营完整性。 Pectra包括加密工具和简化部署协议的升级，为未来的可扩展性创新（如Verkle Tree）设定了基础。

These improvements also simplify smart contract creation, facilitate clearer auditing standards, and enhance the platform's robustness against both internal bugs and external exploits.

这些改进还简化了智能合同的创建，促进了更清晰的审计标准，并增强了平台对内部错误和外部漏洞的鲁棒性。

From Testing Setbacks to Historic Mainnet Launch

从测试挫折到历史悠久的主网发射

Pectra's path to mainnet was not without obstacles. Testnet failures on both Holesky and Sepolia prompted Ethereum's core developers to establish the Hoodi testnet for final deployment rehearsals.

Pectra通往主网的道路并非没有障碍。 Holesky和Sepolia的TestNet失败促使以太坊的核心开发人员为最终部署排练建立了Hoodi Testnet。

Ultimately, the upgrade was activated on May 7, 2025, at epoch 364032. This careful staging reinforced Ethereum's commitment to security-first rollouts—particularly critical given the scope of Pectra's architectural changes.

最终，该升级于2025年5月7日在Epoch 364032上激活。鉴于Pectra的建筑变化的范围，这种仔细的登台加强以太坊对安全优先推出的承诺至关重要。

Market Reaction: Surge in ETH Value and Investor Interest

市场反应：ETH价值激增和投资者的兴趣

Ethereum's price surged more than 20% within 24 hours of the upgrade. Key breakout levels at $2,100 and $2,200 were swiftly eclipsed, with prices peaking at $3,150 on some exchanges by May 9, 2025.

升级后24小时内，以太坊的价格飙升了20％以上。关键的分组水平为$ 2,100，$ 2,200迅速黯然失色，到2025年5月9日，某些交易所的价格为3,150美元。

Trading volumes soared 35% week-over-week, and daily active addresses climbed to 1.2 million, highlighting the surge in on-chain activity and speculative interest.

周每周飙升了35％，每日活跃地址攀升至120万，突出了链上活动和投机性兴趣的激增。

Institutional flows returned strongly, with Total Value Locked (TVL) in Ethereum-based protocols rising 41%. Hedge funds like Abraxas Capital made substantial ETH purchases, bolstering long-term investor confidence.

机构流返回强烈，基于以太坊的协议中的总价值锁定（TVL）上升了41％。像Abraxas Capital这样的对冲基金进行了大量的ETH购买，增强了长期投资者的信心。

Expert Perspectives and Analyst Projections

专家观点和分析师预测

Analysts from CoinDesk to CoinPedia covered the upgrade:

从Coindesk到Coinpedia的分析师涵盖了升级：

* Ming Jung of Presto Research called Pectra "ETH's return ticket to relevance," noting its price lag relative to BTC year-to-date.

* Presto Research的Ming Jung称Pectra为“ ETH的回程票有关相关性”，指出其价格滞后相对于BTC至今。

* Joseph Lubin, Ethereum co-founder, described it as "a structural leap toward a decentralized global system."

*以太坊联合创始人约瑟夫·卢宾（Joseph Lubin）将其描述为“向分散的全球系统迈出的结构飞跃”。

* Crypto influencer Crypto Rover publicized his own $9

*加密影响者Crypto Rover宣传自己的$ 9