Google研究人員發現，量子計算機可能會使比特幣的加密速度更快20倍

Google研究人員發現，量子計算機可能會破壞保護比特幣和其他安全系統的加密

Google researchers have discovered that quantum computers could break the encryption protecting Bitcoin and other secure systems up to 20 times faster than previously estimated.

Google研究人員發現，量子計算機可以打破保護比特幣和其他安全系統的加密，其最大20倍的速度比以前估計的快20倍。

This finding, published in a new Google AI blog post on Monday, implicates a smaller quantum resource requirement to break important codes, such as RSA encryption used to secure many digital wallets.

這一發現於週一發表在新的Google AI博客文章中，暗示了較小的量子資源要求，以破壞重要的代碼，例如用於保護許多數字錢包的RSA加密。

Previously, Google’s quantum expert Craig Gidney estimated that a quantum computer with about 20 million noisy qubits would be needed to break 2048-bit RSA encryption in eight hours. But now, the team has determined that the same task could be done in less than a week using less than one million noisy qubits. This represents a 20-fold reduction in the required quantum resources.

以前，Google的量子專家Craig Gidney估計，將需要一台約2000萬個噪聲量子的量子計算機在八個小時內打破2048位RSA加密。但是現在，團隊已經確定使用不到一百萬個嘈雜量子的一周可以在不到一周的時間內完成相同的任務。這表示所需的量子資源減少了20倍。

For context, IBM’s most powerful machine to date boasts just over 1,100 qubits, and Google’s own quantum computer runs at 53 qubits. Both companies are still a long way off from reaching even one million qubits, which means Bitcoin and other crypto assets remain safe for the time being.

對於上下文，IBM迄今為止最強大的機器剛剛擁有超過1,100 QUAT，而Google自己的Quantum Computer的運行量為53噸。這兩家公司距離達到一百萬Qubits還有很長的路要走，這意味著比特幣和其他加密資產暫時仍然是安全的。

The researchers explained that the improved error correction and new algorithms contribute to faster quantum calculations and enable packing more useful quantum operations into the same space. They also use a technique called “magic state cultivation” to help make quantum operations more efficient.

研究人員解釋說，改進的誤差校正和新算法有助於更快的量子計算，並使包裝更有用的量子操作到同一空間中。他們還使用一種稱為“魔術狀態培養”的技術來幫助提高量子操作。

Bitcoin’s encryption relies on a similar but stronger system called elliptic curve cryptography (ECC). If quantum computers can break RSA faster than expected, it could mean that Bitcoin’s security timeline is shorter than previously thought. Experts are already testing quantum attacks on simpler versions of Bitcoin’s encryption.

比特幣的加密依賴於一種稱為橢圓曲線密碼學（ECC）的類似但更強的系統。如果量子計算機可以比預期的快速打破RSA，則可能意味著比特幣的安全時間表比以前想像的要短。專家已經在測試對比特​​幣加密更簡單版本的量子攻擊。

This research underscores the pressing need for quantum-resistant cryptography. Organizations like the National Institute of Standards and Technology recommend migrating away from vulnerable systems by 2030, but Google’s findings suggest that this timeline may need to be adjusted.

這項研究強調了對抗量子加密的迫切需求。國家標準技術研究所（National Standards of Technology）等組織建議到2030年將遠離脆弱系統遷移，但Google的發現表明，可能需要調整此時間表。

In other news, companies like IBM and Quantinuum are planning to build much larger and more reliable quantum computers over the next 10 years. The crypto community is also preparing for this shift, with developers working on quantum-resistant blockchain upgrades to protect assets in the future.

在其他新聞中，像IBM和Quantinuum這樣的公司正計劃在未來10年內建造更大，更可靠的量子計算機。加密社區也正在為這一轉變做準備，開發人員正在研究抗量子的區塊鏈升級以保護資產。

While the threat of quantum computers is not immediate, it is certainly approaching quickly. The race is on to develop security solutions that can withstand powerful quantum computers before they become a reality.

雖然量子計算機的威脅不是立即的，但肯定正在迅速接近。該競賽正在開發安全解決方案，這些解決方案可以在成為現實之前承受強大的量子計算機。