Google研究人员发现，量子计算机可能会使比特币的加密速度更快20倍

Google研究人员发现，量子计算机可能会破坏保护比特币和其他安全系统的加密

Google researchers have discovered that quantum computers could break the encryption protecting Bitcoin and other secure systems up to 20 times faster than previously estimated.

Google研究人员发现，量子计算机可以打破保护比特币和其他安全系统的加密，其最大20倍的速度比以前估计的快20倍。

This finding, published in a new Google AI blog post on Monday, implicates a smaller quantum resource requirement to break important codes, such as RSA encryption used to secure many digital wallets.

这一发现于周一发表在新的Google AI博客文章中，暗示了较小的量子资源要求，以破坏重要的代码，例如用于保护许多数字钱包的RSA加密。

Previously, Google’s quantum expert Craig Gidney estimated that a quantum computer with about 20 million noisy qubits would be needed to break 2048-bit RSA encryption in eight hours. But now, the team has determined that the same task could be done in less than a week using less than one million noisy qubits. This represents a 20-fold reduction in the required quantum resources.

以前，Google的量子专家Craig Gidney估计，将需要一台约2000万个噪声量子的量子计算机在八个小时内打破2048位RSA加密。但是现在，团队已经确定使用不到一百万个嘈杂量子的一周可以在不到一周的时间内完成相同的任务。这表示所需的量子资源减少了20倍。

For context, IBM’s most powerful machine to date boasts just over 1,100 qubits, and Google’s own quantum computer runs at 53 qubits. Both companies are still a long way off from reaching even one million qubits, which means Bitcoin and other crypto assets remain safe for the time being.

对于上下文，IBM迄今为止最强大的机器刚刚拥有超过1,100 QUAT，而Google自己的Quantum Computer的运行量为53吨。这两家公司距离达到一百万Qubits还有很长的路要走，这意味着比特币和其他加密资产暂时仍然是安全的。

The researchers explained that the improved error correction and new algorithms contribute to faster quantum calculations and enable packing more useful quantum operations into the same space. They also use a technique called “magic state cultivation” to help make quantum operations more efficient.

研究人员解释说，改进的误差校正和新算法有助于更快的量子计算，并使包装更有用的量子操作到同一空间中。他们还使用一种称为“魔术状态培养”的技术来帮助提高量子操作。

Bitcoin’s encryption relies on a similar but stronger system called elliptic curve cryptography (ECC). If quantum computers can break RSA faster than expected, it could mean that Bitcoin’s security timeline is shorter than previously thought. Experts are already testing quantum attacks on simpler versions of Bitcoin’s encryption.

比特币的加密依赖于一种称为椭圆曲线密码学（ECC）的类似但更强的系统。如果量子计算机可以比预期的快速打破RSA，则可能意味着比特币的安全时间表比以前想象的要短。专家已经在测试对比特​​币加密更简单版本的量子攻击。

This research underscores the pressing need for quantum-resistant cryptography. Organizations like the National Institute of Standards and Technology recommend migrating away from vulnerable systems by 2030, but Google’s findings suggest that this timeline may need to be adjusted.

这项研究强调了对抗量子加密的迫切需求。国家标准技术研究所（National Standards of Technology）等组织建议到2030年将远离脆弱系统迁移，但Google的发现表明，可能需要调整此时间表。

In other news, companies like IBM and Quantinuum are planning to build much larger and more reliable quantum computers over the next 10 years. The crypto community is also preparing for this shift, with developers working on quantum-resistant blockchain upgrades to protect assets in the future.

在其他新闻中，像IBM和Quantinuum这样的公司正计划在未来10年内建造更大，更可靠的量子计算机。加密社区也正在为这一转变做准备，开发人员正在研究抗量子的区块链升级以保护资产。

While the threat of quantum computers is not immediate, it is certainly approaching quickly. The race is on to develop security solutions that can withstand powerful quantum computers before they become a reality.

虽然量子计算机的威胁不是立即的，但肯定正在迅速接近。该竞赛正在开发安全解决方案，这些解决方案可以在成为现实之前承受强大的量子计算机。