以太坊的ZKEVM路線圖：可擴展性和安全性的新時代？

以太坊正在為將零知識技術直接集成到其核心的課程中。這對可擴展性，安全性和更廣泛的加密景觀的未來意味著什麼？

Ethereum's zkEVM Roadmap: A New Era of Scalability and Security?

以太坊的ZKEVM路線圖：可擴展性和安全性的新時代？

Ethereum's gearing up for a major architectural shift, potentially embedding a zero-knowledge Ethereum Virtual Machine (zkEVM) right into its layer-1 blockchain within the next year. This move, spearheaded by the Ethereum Foundation, promises to revolutionize how transactions are verified, paving the way for enhanced scalability and security. It's like swapping out a room full of accountants for a super-efficient cryptographic receipt checker.

以太坊（Ethereum）為重大的建築轉移做好準備，可能會在明年內將零知識以太坊虛擬機（ZKEVM）嵌入其1層區塊鏈中。這一舉動由以太坊基金會（Ethereum Foundation）領導，有望徹底改變交易的驗證方式，為增強可擴展性和安全性鋪平道路。這就像將一個充滿會計師的房間交換為超高效的加密收據檢查器。

The Vision: Ethereum as the Ultimate ZK Application

願景：以太坊作為最終的ZK應用

The Ethereum Foundation (EF) is pushing for Ethereum to become the world's largest zero-knowledge (ZK) application. Instead of validators re-running every transaction, they'll simply check ZK-proofs – tiny cryptographic receipts that confirm everything went smoothly. Think of it as getting a thumbs-up from a mathematical wizard instead of painstakingly re-calculating every equation yourself.

以太坊基金會（EF）正在推動以太坊成為世界上最大的零知識（ZK）應用程序。他們將簡單地檢查ZK-PROFFARES-SINY加密收據，而不是重新運行每筆交易，而是確認一切順利。可以將其視為從數學嚮導中獲得大拇指，而不是自己重新計算每個方程式。

According to Ethereum researcher Sophia Gold, the roadmap proposes validators verifying execution using stateless proof verification from multiple zero-knowledge virtual machines (zkVMs), which means having multiple independent checkers verifying multiple proofs. This adds an extra layer of security without slowing things down.

根據以太坊研究人員Sophia Gold的說法，路線圖建議使用來自多個零知識虛擬機（ZKVM）的無狀態證明驗證驗證執行器，這意味著要有多個獨立的檢查員驗證多個證明。這增加了額外的安全性，而不會放慢速度。

The Roadmap: Gradual Rollout and Ambitious Goals

路線圖：逐步推出和雄心勃勃的目標

The transition will be gradual, with optional ZK clients running alongside current validator setups. As these ZK clients prove their worth, the network will shift to requiring proof verification instead of full re-execution. The EF is setting ambitious goals for zkVM teams: proofs under 10 seconds, security, affordability (under $100,000 hardware cost), and energy efficiency (under 10 kilowatts). This opens the door for everyday folks to help secure the network, bolstering censorship resistance and decentralization.

過渡將是逐漸的，可選的ZK客戶端與當前驗證器設置並駕齊驅。當這些ZK客戶端證明其價值時，網絡將轉移到需要證明驗證而不是全面重新執行的情況下。 EF正在為ZKVM團隊設定雄心勃勃的目標：10秒鐘以下的證明，安全性，負擔能力（不到100,000美元的硬件成本）和能源效率（10千瓦）。這為日常人們打開了大門，以幫助確保網絡，增強審查制度的抵抗和權力下放。

Implications for Layer-2 ZK Rollups

對2層ZK匯總的影響

While Ethereum's direct ZK integration could boost adoption, it also raises questions about the role of independent ZK proof startups. With the EF standardizing proof systems, smaller teams might need to adapt their strategies. The EF frames this as a collaborative effort, rallying zkVM projects to meet common real-time proving targets, rather than stifling competition.

儘管以太坊的直接ZK集成可以提高采用，但它也提出了有關獨立ZK證明創業公司的作用的疑問。借助EF標準化系統，較小的團隊可能需要調整其策略。 EF將其視為一項協作的努力，集會ZKVM計劃滿足常見的實時證明目標，而不是扼殺競爭。

My Take: A Bold Move with Potential Trade-offs

我的看法：大膽的舉動，潛在的權衡

While the Ethereum Foundation's ambitious roadmap towards zkEVM integration is exciting, it's crucial to acknowledge potential challenges. Standardizing ZK proofs could indeed foster collaboration and accelerate development. However, it also carries the risk of creating a less diverse and potentially less innovative ecosystem. Smaller ZK startups may find it difficult to compete with the resources and influence of the Ethereum Foundation, potentially leading to a concentration of power within the Ethereum ecosystem.

儘管以太坊基金會對ZKEVM整合的雄心勃勃的路線圖令人興奮，但要承認潛在的挑戰至關重要。標準化ZK證明確實可以促進協作並加速發展。但是，它也具有創造一個較少且可能較少創新的生態系統的風險。較小的ZK初創企業可能會發現很難與以太坊基金會的資源和影響競爭，這可能會導致以太坊生態系統中的力量集中。

For example, smaller ZK teams that may have initially been in competition with Ethereum may need to pivot to creating tools and systems that work well with ETH’s existing standards.

例如，最初可能與以太坊競爭的較小的ZK團隊可能需要樞轉，以創建與ETH現有標準配合使用的工具和系統。

The Future is ZK-Friendly

未來是ZK友好的

Ethereum's move to embrace ZK technology positions it as a frontrunner in the zero-knowledge space. While the path forward may require some adjustments for existing players, the potential benefits – enhanced scalability, security, and decentralization – are undeniable. It's like Ethereum's getting a super-powered upgrade, and we're all along for the ride. So, buckle up and get ready for a ZK-powered future!

以太坊採用ZK技術的舉動將其定位為零知識領域的領先者。雖然前進的道路可能需要對現有玩家進行一些調整，但不可否認的潛在利益（增強的可伸縮性，安全性和權力下放）是不可否認的。就像以太坊正在進行超級升級，我們一直在旅途中。因此，搭扣，為ZK驅動的未來做好準備！