Ishares比特幣信託（IBIT）招股說明書中的貝萊德旗量子計算風險

本週，圍繞量子計算和比特幣的辯論在加密球體內重新點燃，對領先的數字資產背後的網絡是否最終可能面臨脆弱性的猜測。

Freshly revised paperwork for BlackRock’s Ishares Bitcoin Trust (IBIT) now includes a cautionary note that the advent of powerful quantum computing—and related developments—could render Bitcoin’s foundational cryptographic safeguards “becoming ineffective.”

貝萊德（BlackRock）的iShares比特幣信託基金（IBIT）的新鮮修訂的文書工作現在包括一個警示指出，強大的量子計算的出現以及相關的發展可能會使比特幣的基礎加密保護措施“變得無效”。

This week saw the topic of quantum computing and Bitcoin return to the forefront within the cryptocurrency sphere, sparking renewed speculation over whether the network underpinning the leading digital asset could eventually face vulnerabilities. The discussion was triggered by a new study posted on arxiv.org detailing a method for factoring 2048-bit RSA integers using fewer than a million imperfect qubits.

本週，量子計算和比特幣的話題恢復了加密貨幣領域內的最前沿，引發了人們對領先數字資產基礎的網絡是否最終可能面臨脆弱性的重新猜測。討論是由在arxiv.org上發布的一項新研究觸發的，詳細介紹了一種使用少於一百萬個不完美量子的方法來考慮2048位RSA整數的方法。

The study, titled "Factoring 2048-bit RSA Integers in 800,000 Imperfect Qubits," presents a blueprint for breaking RSA-2048 in about seven hours using a quantum computer with 800,000 imperfect qubits and performing a single round of modular addition in about 300 time steps. This approach can be applied to any intermediate RSA size and is relevant to cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin, which use 256-bit elliptic curves.

該研究的標題為“在800,000個不完美的Qubits中分解2048位RSA整數”，它提出了一種藍圖，用於使用800,000個量子計算機在大約七個小時內打破RSA-2048，並使用800,000個不完美的Qubits並在大約300個時間段內執行單一的模塊化添加。這種方法可以應用於任何中間RSA大小，並且與使用256位橢圓曲線的比特幣等加密貨幣有關。

In a related development, financial heavyweight BlackRock has revised its IBIT prospectus to include a cautionary note on quantum computing. The IBIT prospectus, as mandated by law, must disclose potential risks tied to investing in bitcoin. It covers aspects such as the asset’s pronounced price volatility and describes scenarios in which a 51% attack might unfold.

在相關的開發中，金融重量級貝萊德（Blackrock）修改了其IBIT招股說明書，其中包括有關量子計算的警示說明。法律規定的IBIT招股說明書必須披露與投資比特幣相關的潛在風險。它涵蓋了諸如資產明顯價格波動之類的方面，並描述了可能展開51％攻擊的情況。

These disclosures were already present in previous versions of IBIT’s prospectus, which was last updated in May. The newest addition to IBIT’s prospectus introduces a cautionary note: “In the past, flaws in the source code for digital assets have been exposed and exploited, including flaws that disabled some functionality for users, exposed users’ personal information and/or resulted in the theft of users’ digital assets.”

這些披露已經存在於IBIT招股說明書的先前版本中，該版本是在5月的最後更新。 IBIT招股說明書的最新成員引入了警告：“過去，數字資產源代碼中的缺陷已被暴露和利用，包括為用戶提供某些功能，暴露用戶的個人信息和/或導致用戶盜竊數字資產的缺陷。”

The document then elaborates, warning that advancements in quantum computing could compromise the cryptographic foundation underpinning Bitcoin.

然後該文檔詳細說明，警告量子計算的進步可能會損害加密基礎基礎的基礎比特幣。

“The cryptography underlying Bitcoin could prove to be flawed or ineffective, or developments in mathematics and/or technology, including advances in digital computing, algebraic geometry, and quantum computing, could result in such cryptography becoming ineffective,” Blackrock’s IBIT prospectus states.

“加密基礎比特幣可能被證明是有缺陷或無效的，或數學和/或技術的發展，包括數字計算，代數幾何和量子計算的進步，可能會導致這種密碼學變得無效，” BlackRock的IBIT招股說明書。

The prospectus adds:

招股說明書補充說：

In any of these circumstances, a malicious actor may be able to compromise the security of the Bitcoin network or take the Trust’s bitcoin, which would adversely affect the value of the Shares.

在這些情況下，惡意演員可能能夠損害比特幣網絡的安全性或採取信任的比特幣，這將對股票的價值產生不利影響。

BlackRock’s disclosure continues by suggesting that the Bitcoin network’s functionality could deteriorate to a point where it loses its appeal to users, potentially diminishing overall demand for bitcoin. “Even if another digital asset other than bitcoin were affected by similar circumstances, any reduction in confidence in the source code or cryptography underlying digital assets generally could negatively affect the demand for digital assets and therefore adversely affect the value of the Shares,” the prospectus notes.

BlackRock的披露繼續表明，比特幣網絡的功能可能會惡化，以使其失去對用戶的吸引力，從而有可能減少對比特幣的總需求。招股說明書指出：“即使比特幣以外的其他數字資產受到類似情況的影響，對源代碼或加密資產的信心的任何降低通常都可能對數字資產的需求產生負面影響，從而對股票的價值產生不利影響。”

As quantum computing technology progresses, the crypto community faces the challenge of its potential to destabilize Bitcoin’s security infrastructure. BlackRock’s revised caution highlights the vulnerability of cryptographic protocols in the face of rapid technological shifts. While the threat is still quite speculative, its recognition by major institutional actors marks a critical juncture. The sector needs to balance forward-thinking innovation with the necessity of safeguarding Bitcoin’s durability in a fast-evolving digital epoch.

隨著量子計算技術的進步，加密貨幣社區面臨著破壞比特幣安全基礎架構穩定的挑戰。貝萊德（Blackrock）的修訂謹慎強調了面對快速技術轉變時加密協議的脆弱性。儘管威脅仍然很投機，但主要機構參與者的認可標誌著關鍵時刻。該行業需要在快速發展的數字時代中維護比特幣的耐用性，以平衡前瞻性創新。